A. P. BRUSH INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, APPLICATION FLED NOW, 27, 196. 1,265,735, Patented May 14, 1918, N (O) 1. N NeY,NaNNNNNNNYNNS Sso ) (es,- S R YN1Y 7 S NN A Re Yn & NX X NYNY N CXsy. YeSN N N . Ne SS a N. NNN N sNNNN N S. NN NSNN N-NNNE----- SSNNN NN:N N SSNN 12 F-2 N. N. NN - N N 1 NNT RR N N 7 rever for: SSNS Š NS - - - y 1 ar rt (&as or (7'06-4. // %-7. y 6... c.17e UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE, ALANSON P. BRUSH, OF DETROIT, IMICHIGAN. INTERNAT-COINBUSTION ENGINE. 1,265,735. Specification of Letters Patent, Patented May 14, 1918. Application filed November 27, 1916. Serial No. 138,544. To all whom it may concern: has been selected because the application of Be it known that I, ALANSON P. BRUSH, a the present invention thereto is easy and the citizen of the United States, residing at De result is a thoroughly practical and efficient troit, in the county of Wayne and State of motor. It will be understood, however, that 60 Michigan, have invented a certain new and the new inventive idea, now to be referred to useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion and described is not restricted in its applica Engines, of which the following is a full, tion to engines having the specific construc clear and exact description. tion which is shown in the drawing and is This invention is an improvement in above described. 65 10 multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, Within the head plate, and extending and the object of the invention is to enable lengthwise thereof is a mixture distributing the engine to use low grade liquid fuel such passage, or, as it is commonly called, an in as is now available to the public, and obtain let manifold, 18, into which air and fuel may the maximum power output for the fuel con flow from a suitable carbureter 30 through 70 5 Sumed under different running conditions of an Opening 19 in the side of the head plate. the engine. The inlet passages 17 which directly dis The invention consists in the construction charge downward into the cylinders through and combination of parts shown in the draw the valve controlled inlet openings, are in ing and hereinafter described and pointed unrestricted communication with this in 75 20 Out definitely in the appended claims. let manifold 18, -being formed as short In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical branches thereof. Directly opposite the inlet transverse section of the tipper part of a opening 19 to this inlet manifold and within multi-cylinder internal combustion engine in the head plate is a thin metal plate 14 which Which the invention is embodied, the sec serves as a partition wall to separate the 80 25 tion extending through any one of the cyl manifold 18 from the middle exhaust gas inders, and extending also through the head passage 16, into which the hot exhaust gas plate, but in the plane indicated by line from the two middle cylinders discharges. A-B on Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sec This particular exhaust passage 16 dis tional plan view, of a part of the head plate charges its hot exhaust gases through a hole 85 30 of Said engine, the sectional plane being in in the side of the head plate into the exhaust dicated by the line C-D on Fig.1. manifold 28. The exhaust gas passages 16 The engine includes a plurality of cylin which receive the exhaust from the other ders 10, disposed in a row as indicated by cylinders also discharge into this same ex dotted lines in Fig. 1; and these are prefer haust manifold as is the common practice. 90 35 ably, though not necessarily, integral parts. This partition plate 14 is preferably an in of the same casting. The open upper ends of tegral part of the head plate casting, as all of the cylinders are closed by a single shown. It is evident that when the engine removable head plate 15, in which are inlet is running this partition plate will get to be and exhaust passages that communicate with very hot by reason of its direct contact with 95 40 the cylinders by means of valve controlled the hot exhaust gas from two cylinders. openings through the lower face of said The carbureter 30 may be and preferably head plate. One exhaust gas passage 16 and should be of the horizontal type; and may One inlet gas passage 17 communicates as be fastened to the head plate directly over stated with each cylinder; and these are sev the inlet 19 to said gas distributing passage 0) 45 erally controlled by inlet valves 20, and ex or manifold 18. It may be of any approved haust valves 21;-said valves being closed construction, such as includes a restricted by springs 22, and opened by rockers 23 air tube 31, and a nozzle 32 through which which engage the valve stems and are in turn the fuel will be drawn by the reduction of operated by tappet rods 24. These rockers pressure within the air tube due to the 05 50 may be pivoted to a cover plate 25 which is suction action of the engine. And, for removably fixed to the head plate, whereby reasons which will be hereinafter explained, it will cover and protect the mechanism in it is best that the fuel jet opening in the the open space between said head plate and nozzle from which the fuel is discharged cap. shall be located in a higher plane than To the extent above described the engine the plane in which the inlet manifold dis 55 is or may be of familiar construction, and charges into the cylinders-that is, shall 2: s --P be above the piane of the lower face c. neadhas plate.rate. Shoulds ld be- a notedted as isSC y that- na; Cheh diameterably larger of than the inletthe diameter manifold of isthe consider air tube s i;-8 wherefores the- veiocity3 of the air and fuel's stream in the inlet manifold will be less than of4. the manifold passages, since with in said air tube-which is a reason for d unyaporized fuel, however inely it may be nating the iniet manifold as a low yelic atomized, two difficulties are always present, inlet manifold, 5 an s in multiple cylinder engine operation. One J. During the operation of the engine the mixture of air and atomized but largely lin is the tendency of the particles of fuel to - condense upon the Wai is and accumulate at vaporized fuel formed in the carbureter. ny points of low aii. 7elocity producing the enters the manifold i8 Substantially at right, result commonly known as loading. This angles hereto, and directly toward the op loading with the ordinary type of updraft, 30 posite hot partition Wall which is located manifold occurs in its yorst form when the in he path of Said inrushing stream of air power output of the engine is reduced by and fuel Spray. The tendency of the In partially closing he throttie, and thereby 7aporized particles of fuel to continue their producing a relatively low velocity of the air through the intake manifold. If, or 35 cted, and especially When the velocity when, it is desired to increase the power he air stream is suddenly reduced, as output of an engine after it has operated 3 will be, is thus taken advantage of in io: some time at a reduced power output, gshat these unvaporized particles of fuel con inue heir direction of travel until a 7ery the...V. increase in air velocity in the ordinary 5 3. proportion. Of thern come into actual updraf, manifold picks up and carries into ci, Yith Said hot partition plate which- o the cylinders an oversupply of fuel with is directly in their line of travel, and there a resultant sluggishness and uncertainty of are instantly vaporized o engine performance. Ciry gas, which readily mixes y it is customary to overcorne of try to over ; -- R.L. -- .. - -- corne this defect by heating the air drawn 9 5 and goes yith it to the severalc cyln . into the carbureter soSC that the heated air is to be noted that, practically- o ail the heat;- inparted to the fue: and air mixture by will vaporize the fuelR. and prevent loading. this hot late is concentrated in the fuel It is, however, obvious that if the ingoing he mixture. aii is sufficiently heated to produce com iš is not unusual to have the gas distrib plete vaporization, the air will contain a using manifold in the removable head plate Very considerable amount of unnecessary of an internal combustion engine, but here. ineas not given up to the fuel, with the re tofore such gas manifold passages have Suit that the air will be so expanded by been of such small dimensions as that tier this excess heat that it will not enter the : C will be very little reduction in the velocit, cylinders at as great density as will be se of the air flowing through them after such cured with colder air, and this results in -- edited compression and consequently re air leaves the carbureter. 'has long been understood by engineer duced power output. Another endency toward defective op multiple cylinder engine burning a eration of high velocity manifolds as a gaseous fuel mixed with air may have neans for handling relatively low grade an intake manifold of as large size as may fuels in multiple cylinder engines is what for any reason be convenient or desirable; may be called the separator action; that is, Singe the fuel and the ingoing air mix yhenever the air stream changes direction easily and naturally, and have practically the tin Vaporized particles of fuel have a 5.