June 2016 Connections 2040 2016 Update THE TRANSPORTATION ELEMENT TER CO AS U C N N T A Y L T E R E A T N T I S P M O M R T O A C T G IO N N TI COORDINA Lancaster County Transportation Coordinating Committee (LCTCC) Lancaster County, Pennsylvania This page left intentionally blank. Table of Contents Figures . .v Tables . vi Acknowledgements . ix Chapter 1: Executive Summary . 1-1 Long-Range Transportation Plan Background . 1-3 Why is Lancaster County developing this plan? . 1-3 How was the LRTP developed? . 1-4 Who was involved? . 1-4 Trends and Issues . 1-4 Plan Direction . .1-7 Selecting Priority LRTP Projects . 1-8 How the Plan will be implemented . 1-8 Chapter 2: Introduction . 2-1 Federal Policy Context . 2-3 State Context . 2-4 County Context . 2-5 Smart Growth Transportation . 2-5 Plan Development . 2-6 Chapter 3: Transportation Conditions, Trends and Issues . 3-1 Overview . 3-3 Lancaster County’s Population and Its Implications for Transportation Infrastructure and Services . 3-5 Population Change . 3-5 Age of the Population . 3-7 Ethnic Composition of the Population . 3-9 Economic Levels of the Population . 3-9 Special Needs Groups . 3-9 Commute to Work . 3-10 Travel Time to Work . 3-10 Where People Work . 3-10 How People Commute . 3-10 Roadway Network . 3-15 The Congestion Management Process . .3-17 What is Congestion? . 3-19 Functional Classification . 3-20 Asset Management . 3-20 Table of Contents | i Roadway Conditions . 3-21 Bridges . 3-23 Substandard Bridges . 3-23 Load Restricted Bridges . 3-25 County-Owned Bridges . 3-25 Roadway Safety . 3-25 Public Transportation . 3-28 Ridership and Route Structure . 3-28 Facilities . 3-29 Operating Characteristics and Trends . 3-29 Public Transportation Funding . 3-30 Long-Range Transit Plan . 3-30 Intercity Bus . 3-30 Passenger Rail . 3-31 Freight . 3-33 Freight in South Central Pennsylvania . 3-34 Warehouses and Distribution Centers . 3-35 Aviation . 3-35 Lancaster Airport . 3-35 Donegal Springs Airpark . 3-36 Smoketown Airport . 3-36 McGuinness Field . 3-36 Bicycle and Pedestrian Modes . 3-36 Transportation and Health . 3-38 Chapter 4: Environmental and Historic Resources Overview . 4-1 Background . 4-3 Agricultural Land and Soils . 4-3 Agricultural Lands . 4-3 Soils . 4-4 Steep Slopes . 4-4 Natural Habitat Areas . 4-4 Greenscapes Plan for Preservation of Natural Areas, Farmlands and Water Resources . 4-5 Water Resources . 4-6 Historic and Cultural Resources . 4-6 Background . 4-6 Types of Historic and Cultural Resources . 4-7 Historic Resources Inventory . 4-8 Historic/Cultural Resources Review as part of the NEPA Process . 4-8 Energy Use, Air Quality/GHG Emissions and Transportation Planning . 4-8 Energy Consumption . 4-8 Air Quality Conformity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions . 4-9 Land Use Management . .4-11 Balance – The Growth Management Element of the Comprehensive Plan . 4-11 Urban Growth Area Strategy . 4-12 ii | Connections 2040: 2016 Update Rural Strategy . 4-12 Implementation Plan . 4-12 MAP-21 and FAST Act Requirements for Environmental Review . 4-12 Chapter 5: Public Participation . 5-1 Public Participation Summary . 5-3 Transportation Technical Advisory Committee (TTAC) . 5-3 Public Surveys . 5-3 State Transportation Commission Survey . 5-4 Lancaster County MPO Transportation Priorities Survey . 5-4 County Transportation System “Report Card” . 5-4 Corridors Survey . 5-5 Special Groups . 5-5 Amish Community . 5-5 Business Community . 5-6 Hispanic Community . 5-6 Public Comment Period . 5-6 Chapter 6: Vision, Goals, Strategies and Performance Measures . 6-1 Goals/Strategies . 6-3 Performance Measures . 6-6 Safety Measures . 6-7 Bridge and Highway Infrastructure Measures . 6-8 Congestion Management Performance Measures . 6-9 Transit Performance Measures . 6-9 Chapter 7: Financial Plan . 7-1 Revenue and Cost Estimation Methodology . 7-3 Year of Expenditure . 7-3 Highway Revenue . 7-3 Transit Revenue . 7-4 Highway and Bridge Funding Programs . 7-5 The LRTP Short- and Long-Range Programs . .7-7 The Transportation Funding Outlook . 7-8 Aging Infrastructure and Increased Travel Demand . 7-8 Federal Funding Has Improved . 7-8 State Funding Has Also Improved . 7-10 Local Funding Is Limited . 7-10. Unfunded Identified Problems and Major Projects . .7-10 Chapter 8: Implementation Plan . 8-1 Setting a Strategic Direction . ..