DUPLICATE FROM THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, ST. ANDREWS, SCOTLAND. GIFT OF VOTIVA TABELLA H H H The Coats of Arms belong respectively to Alexander Stewart, natural son James Kennedy, Bishop of St of James IV, Archbishop of St Andrews 1440-1465, founder Andrews 1509-1513, and John Hepburn, Prior of St Andrews of St Salvator's College 1482-1522, cofounders of 1450 St Leonard's College 1512 The University- James Beaton, Archbishop of St Sir George Washington Andrews 1 522-1 539, who com- Baxter, menced the foundation of St grand-nephew and representative Mary's College 1537; Cardinal of Miss Mary Ann Baxter of David Beaton, Archbishop 1539- Balgavies, who founded 1546, who continued his brother's work, and John Hamilton, Arch- University College bishop 1 546-1 57 1, who com- Dundee in pleted the foundation 1880 1553 VOTIVA TABELLA A MEMORIAL VOLUME OF ST ANDREWS UNIVERSITY IN CONNECTION WITH ITS QUINCENTENARY FESTIVAL MDCCCCXI MCCCCXI iLVal Quo fit ut omnis Votiva pateat veluti descripta tabella Vita senis Horace PRINTED FOR THE UNIVERSITY BY ROBERT MACLEHOSE AND COMPANY LIMITED MCMXI GIF [ Presented by the University PREFACE This volume is intended primarily as a book of information about St Andrews University, to be placed in the hands of the distinguished guests who are coming from many lands to take part in our Quincentenary festival. It is accordingly in the main historical. In Part I the story is told of the beginning of the University and of its Colleges. Here it will be seen that the University was the work in the first instance of Churchmen unselfishly devoted to the improvement of their country, and manifesting by their acts that deep interest in education which long, before John Knox was born, lay in the heart of Scotland. The statements on this subject will be found interesting, not only for what they tell about St Andrews, but for the light they throw on the source and the original nature of life in University Europe generally. Our friends will not, we are think it that sure, strange we not only trace the origin of the various elements in the constitution of the University and of the speak place of books in the system of teaching before the Reformation, but also dwell on the names of the famous men, statesmen, soldiers, scholars, churchmen, poets, who have in different periods looked to our University as their Alma Mater. PREFACE In Part II the attempt is made to show what part St Andrews has taken in that great transformation of learning, which is one of the principal glories of the present age. As each of the great studies has undergone renewal, our University has not stayed behind, but has bestirred herself, so far as her resources allowed, to take her place in the advance. the of Partly by the aid of Government, partly by generosity her added her private friends, she has increased staff, new buildings and equipments, opened up new lines of study and her research, improved in manifold ways the position both of teachers and her students. Part III, while it includes one or two studies in serious the less severe forms biography, is in great part devoted to of St Andrews from of literary composition. Appreciations others in various points of view, some in prose and verse, have been contributed by representatives from old and new of alumni and we are indebted to generations ; honorary her graduates of the University and to others connected with by various ties for imaginative work, in poetry and in prose, that was no less willingly offered than gladly accepted. We hope that the decorative treatment of this volume will enhance its interest in the eyes of our friends. We thankfully acknowledge the generous services of those to whom we are indebted for the emblematic cover, the heraldic frontispiece, and the twenty illustrations which are scattered through the pages of this book. In the lines quoted on the title page from the first Satire older of his second book, Horace speaks of the works of his VI PREFACE contemporary Lucilius, as having received the confidence of that poet, who carried to them rather than to any other companions what he had to say about the vicissitudes of his career. They might thus be compared to a votive tablet in which a sailor, escaped from shipwreck, hung up in a temple the record of his perils and escapes. In like manner does the University of St Andrews, now come to a venerable age, tell her story in this volume, in commemoration and thankfulness. September nth 191 1 CONTENTS PART I—HISTORICAL PAGE The Place of St Andrews in the Scottish University System, by Sir James Donaldson, V ice-Chancellor and of the University ------ 5 Principal The Pious Founders, by John Herlcless, D.D., Professor of - - - Ecclesiastical History, St Mary's College 31 The Rulers of the University, by Robert Kerr Hannay, M.A., Lecturer in Ancient History and Political Philosophy 51 Churchmen and Statesmen, by John Duncan Mackie, B.A., - - - - Lecturer in Modern History - 73 The Library, by James Maitland Anderson, Librarian - - 93 PART II—THE STUDIES AT ST ANDREWS Theology, by Alexander Stewart, M.A., LL.D., Principal and Primarius Professor of Divinity in St Mary's College, and Allan Menzies, M.A., B.D., D.D., Professor of Divinity - - and Biblical Criticism, St Mary's College - 117 Language and Literature, by John Burnet, M.A., LL.D., - - - - - Professor of Greek - - 129 ix CONTENTS Philosophy, by George Frederick Stout, M.A., LL.D., Professor - - - - - - of Logic and Metaphysics 153 Science, by John Yule Mackay, M.D., LL.D., Principal of Dundee University College ; and Thomas Purdie, Ph.D., - - B.Sc, LL.D., Emeritus Professor of Chemistry 169 Medicine, by Robert Cochrane Buist, M.A., M.D., Clinical - - - - Lecturer, University College Dundee 197 The University Education of Women at St Andrews, by Louisa Innes Lumsden, Girton College, Cambridge, LL.D., - formerly Warden of University Hall 225 PART III—THE INSPIRATION OF ST ANDREWS The Poets of the University, by Alexander Lawson, M.A., Professor of Literature B.D., D.D., English ; George Soutar, M.A., D.Litt., Lecturer in English Language and Literature, Dundee, and William Bayne, Lecturer in English, St Andrews Provincial Committee Training College _--_-__-_ 243 Roberto Burns, by James Peddie Steele, LL.D. - 295 Student Life—Past, by Thomas Bayne - - - - 301 - Student Life—Present, by Charles Hilton Brown, M.A. 317 The Romance of St Andrews, by Elizabeth Peddie Steele Hutton, M.A. -------- 329 - - - James Crichton of Eliock, by Douglas Crichton 339 The Architectural Features of St Andrews, by John of Edward Aloysius Steggall, M.A., Professor Mathematics, - - - - - - University College Dundee 3^5 x CONTENTS PAGE • Uber Eine Strophe des Gaudeamus,' by Georg Schaaffs, Ph.D., M.A. -------- 375 A Word about Donkeys, by James Matthew Barrie, M.A., LL.D. --------- 389 Religio Loci, by Andrew Lang, M.A., LL.D., D.Litt. - - 401 Almae Matres, by Andrew Lang, M.A., LL.D., D.Litt. - 417 Index 421 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Cover design Thomas Delgaty Dunn, Head Master of the Dundee School of Art Arms of the University and of the Founders of its Four Colleges Frontispiece TO FACE PAGE The Norman Apse of Leuchars Church W. Hackstoun 24 The College Tower and Chapel from the East IV. Hackstoun 38 St Regulus' Tower, looking West W. Hackstoun 40 West Gable of the Cathedral W. Hackstoun 78 St Andrews Cathedral and the Chapel of St Rule From a print by John Oliphant, 1767 86 St it Mary's College—The Principal's Garden as was W. Hackstoun St Mary's College University Medical School in Dundee University Hall, St Andrews St Andrews Harbour St Andrews Castle at evening The East Bay Harbour from the Cemetery xiii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS TO FACE PA.GR North Street from the West W. Hackstoun 302 St Andrews From a print by John S/ezer, 1693 330 Old Wall Abbey and Towers /. D. Mills 365 The Bell Tower of St Mary's College W. Hackstoun 366 Castle Gateway /. D. Mills 368 Old Close leading from North Street to Market Street W. Hackstoun 370 North Street from the West end W. Hackstoun 406 St Andrews from the East W. Hackstoun 418 PART I HISTORICAL Laudamus veteres, sed nostris utimur annis THE PLACE OF ST. ANDREWS IN THE SCOTTISH UNIVERSITY SYSTEM The Place of St. Andrews in the Scottish University System HE object of this paper is to exhibit the influence which the University of St. Andrews exerted on the other Universities of Scotland and on the fortunes of the Scottish people in the great crises of their history. It is needless to say that this can be done very imperfectly within the limits assigned to the paper. It will not be possible to go into details. Even if this had been possible, a complete treatment of the subject would present innumerable difficulties, as no influence can be exerted by one force alone in this world but only in combination with a number of other forces, some of which may remain entirely concealed from the human mind, or may present themselves in such a way as to place them beyond the range of accurate comprehension. At the outset it is necessary to say something of the state of Scotland before the University was founded. In this anterior period many Scotchmen had become eager in the study of theology and cognate subjects. Numerous ecclesiastics had travelled to Rome and become acquainted with the Universities of Italy, such as that of Bologna, where there was a fair number of Scotch students, some of whom obtained high positions.