D:ɖT1ZĹɌ·̫Zɋǚ/ʔǚ/ε& \ Ō ȓ Ϥ ོ ̪ :, I Ľ ĹɌ ΢ ! " # $ % & ' ɋ( ) * + ! , ! ,- . / 0 I 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ȾȬ· ɄƦϋƫVέ ® Lɾ Ǒ ģ Ʊ Ω ǚ / ε & Ĵ ʝ Ω Hέ č Ů ! "# $ % & ' ( ) * +, - . /0 1 2 - + 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 3 8 Ω 9 : ; < = > ? @ A B C 8 D ε & E FGH I J K Ʉ @ A Ω L 9 : M N' O P 8 Q R S T U V W X Y Z Ĵ ε & [ \ Ω ] ^ & _ ` GΩ 9 : L. @ A Ω a b c +d e f g Z h 8 i j 2 - +k l 4 8 /m n 2 3 o p q r s t u @ A +v w x @ A @ A y z L S { | } & ~ͅ ε & E FȂ ̜ +o p ɄǤ ʆ Ģ ą ς ˮ Ω Έ ɘ ʄ} ε & Ng [ Ǒ ʛ ¯ ̡ S 2 3 4 2 3 ò ŧĹɌ · ̫ Ċ Ω 6 W U Ϙ y ʨ Ə ͬ E Β ʬ 3 3 v 6 «v Ο ¡ @ A ¢ ® £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ 6 « © ͅ 8 Ω ª « H ¬ H­ ® ¯ ° ± ² ³ d S ʨ Ə 8 ~´ N z ¶ Ω · ¸ ¹ º I » y ¼ ˮ Ω ½ ͽ ¿ Ý n Á + ` Ω Έ ɘ Ã Ä Å } ε & Æ Ç Ä Ǒ ģ4 3 3 È v Ê Ë lj Í I » y Ω Î Ï ʄ® Ð Ɋ «Ω * 3 g [ Ľa +Ǖ ȩ 43 3 ˦ ` ̾ ¤ ¥ ç u Ρ č » y Ω ß Ϊ +ʨ Ə ʄ® 8 X HQ R ƻ m á F+_ ` 43 3 ϝ ã Ë lj ʗ ˞ ʮ ȕ è è é ´ N Ω ê ȕ ë β 4˱ υ ᯸ z ñ Ι Ϙ õ ų ǜ ø ù ú ú L ûz ω ɓ Á ˓¼ ̈ ə 2 3 » y Ω Î Ï ˞ Ƭ 8 Ω «4 ê ¡ ɛ Z 8 IŰ Ɖ 7 Ω ʁ 3 3 Η Η ͸ ͸ Hã ˞ ˞ Ǥ Ǥ 7 è 3 3 » y Ω Š Š e f +ë " m ʄ 8 X HQ Q R S Ǒ ģ_ ` 4Η ͸ D «â G¿ Ʀ GΩ e f ʄ8 Ç \ m Lˡ S Ǒ ģ_ ` 8 Ø Ȫ ̃ Ω 8 Ω · ! " # č ( $ 4 ² ³ 2 3 ã ˞ © 8 Ω % & +' ( ) * + Ȃ , ã ˞ +˞ Ω - . ς ς Ω / «+0 1 4 2 Å } ε & N´ 3 4 5 6 8 Ω 78 a y 4 Ģ Ω 9 : +· ! ~ 2 ´ N Ç ; Ω < = >8 ? @ D A E ε & Ʉé B ® Ω C D +ģE H F G é 2 j 0 Ω H I +2 - J J } } S K » y n Á >W L/Ȃ , N ¶ F G Ω MNO P Å i Ω 2 j · Q N R ? S ã ê /2 j 0 8 Ω T = +ë β 4 U V 2006 W 1 X 2 Ŵ Ů } ε & Y D Z [ IĽĹɌ n \ Ä Ð ]^ _ +` a b c Ld e + f g Hh i j k Ll m 4¤ 7 Ω Ð Ɋ n Ω I opMZ [ IĽĹɌ n \ Ä Ð ]d e +` a b c Lf g >qÐ r IĽĹɌ n \ Ä Ð ]s t Lu v +w Fx y z { F` | Nģr ¿ } ~ >h i IĽ ĹɌ n \ Ä Ð ]^ _ +` a b c Ω ȑ l ̜ Ǥ f 8 Ο Ð ]^ _ +` a b c ȇ W LÐ >oZ [ Ο _ ĹɌ Ō  ` r D Ð ]ĹɌ n \ Ä Ʉ é ϡ H LƲ Μ ʙú ` LÐ ~Ǥ f | ˎ ʆ Ά ō 4 } Ð Ɋ 6 ͎ © Ð Ɋ ¤ ̊ Ȧ ̫ Ο _ . Ĝ H & ϐ [ Hn r ΄ v ʔ ˟ f X ʆ Ð Ɋ Ά ō L· Ɂ \ Þ . H4Ğ Ϋ Ä 5+4Β ʬ ¡ ¢ Ä 5F £Έ ɘ · Ɂ LȦ ̫ Ű \ H4h i Ð Ɋ Ä 5W ¤ h i n r 4} Ð Ɋ LĞ Ϋ +Β ʬ ¡ ¢ © ¥ £½ ɾ Ά +¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §Ð ]á FΩ _ k  ê ʙI Ğ Ϋ © ¥ I 6 ŧ ½ ɾ ¨ f 17 NΒ ʬ Β ʬ · C I 14 N · C © £ 82%4¨ f Β ʬ w · C Β ʬ Ω Ȃ ̜ £ Ο 94 W 1 X 7 3 X4Ű \ ͎ © IĽĹɌ n \ Ä Ω Ð ]st r +¿ } Ð ] ª « ¬ ]­ Ä ¬ ]® © +` a b c ~ ̊ W ¤ h i n r 4 ¯ m h i u ± ʔ ˟ f H² u ε z { pMʙĜ m ³Ĝ ´ LĈ £p¶1·Ð ]st Ω n á ¸ F>¶2·Ά +¬ ]r ¹ Hn º  ê _ k · i n º Ō r £¤ [ G_ »  ê Ω ʨ Ə >¶3·¼ ½ ¿ } % ` >¶¾· _ » Â ê ¿ Ī \ ÁΩ { ¢ >Â Ã Ä ʄa k Ω Å Q ¬ ȇ >¶6·¬ ]­ Ä > ¶7·n \ ¤ ̊ Mß Æ >¶8·` a b c Ω f g Ç È £ǻ Ê Ë · Ɂ Ȕ >¶9· & Í ¬ ]>¶Î Ï ·Ð 3 Æ ¬ ]P Ĝ £ʙf g Ç È 4qʙĜ l LĈ £p ¶1·DDC + LCC >ģ ½ ³ ģ ̜ Ð ]st L¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä § ˰ ģ ½ >¶2·Ð ]st Ω ¾ v Ī Hm >¶3·DDC LCC Ω ¬ ]r ą £Ð ]st Ω º _ _ r r Ω Ά +Z  ¥ Ω & Í Ω ¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §¬ ]r ą £Ğ d ª «+ 6 ƻ ¥ ̜ . >¶4·DDC LCC ¿ } Ω º à ¹ £ˈ ˫ + & Í >L¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §á² >¶5· ¬ ]ĝ ã ã 7 Hm >¶6·DDC + LCC Ω ¬ ]Ο ɾ Æ L¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §# ; ͅ Ο _ >¶7·ļ ș Ǖ Ņ ¬ ]Lè Ä HM>¶8·DDC + LCC Ω ` a b c I  Ī é ŧ¿ Ī ʙê ë +f g L¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä § áF ͅ ê ë +f g >¶9·` a b c | NΩ Hm >¶10·DDC + LCC >| ½ ķ Ʉ¬ ]Ω ^ _ L¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §˰ | ½ 4 ʁ m Gź Ð Ɋ u ± } Ð Ɋ ͎ © ¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §Ð ]^ _ + ` a b c Ǥ f R̰ | pM| ½ ñ Ü Ω Ð ]^ _ >qģ ½ ³ ģ ̜ Ð ]st >À ν õ ʯ r º _ ¿ } º à >oƍ ˫ ¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §Ð ]¼ ø +f g n ù >R` À ν S ê ë +f g ʙ` a b c 4 3 Abstract This thesis aims to discuss and compare these revision mechanisms and application systems of classification schemes between Taiwan and United States. There are four research goals. 1.Discuss the revision history and development of classification schemes in these two countries. 2. Analyze these structures and operation situations of these organizations. 3.Compare these revision mechanisms and application systems of classification schemes between Taiwan and United States, and propose improvements. 4. Discuss the difficulty and resolution in revising Chinese Classification Scheme, and propose suggestions. This study was carried out in literature review, interviews, questionnaire research, and comparative analysis. These investigative objects of interviews and questionnaires were experts who participated in revising Chinese Classification Scheme actually. Six experts were interviewed. 17 copies of questionnaire were distributed, 14 copies returned (return rate 82%). The period of the questionnaire investigation was from January to March, 2005. Finally, the research used comparative method to analyze and compare these organizations, personnel and funds, revising processes, revising methods, revision frequencies and application systems of classification schemes in these two countries. These conclusions of this research are as follows. First, the sameness or similarities: (1) The division of labor and cooperation; (2) These participants are classification experts, senior classification librarians, and subject experts; (3) Government funds support these revisions; (4) Subject experts are responsible for the examination of these classification schemes; (5) User's feedback; (6) Revising methods; (7) Integration of classification and thesaurus; (8) There is a tendency of these application systems towards web-database; (9) These revisions are continuous; (10) There is a tendency towards electronic revision mode. Second, these dissimilarities: (1) DDC and LCC have constituted standing organizations to revising classification schemes, but Chinese Classification Scheme not yet constitutes; (2) These organizations have different frameworks, power and responsibility; (3) DDC and LCC have the organizational personnel for revising, but Chinese Classification Scheme doesn’t; (4) These funds of DDC and LCC are fixed and continuous, but Chinese Classification Scheme isn’t; (5) These scales of revisions are different; (6) These revisions of DDC and LCC are international, but Chinese Classification Scheme isn’t; (7) These modes of partial revisions gradually are different; (8) These application systems of DDC and LCC have full-time units to be responsible for theirs maintenance and development, but Chinese Classification Scheme doesn’t; (9) These application systems have different functions; (10) DDC and LCC have established theirs mechanisms which enable classification schemes be revised as necessary, but Chinese Classification Scheme not yet establishes. According to these results of this research, five suggestions are proposed as follows: 1.Establish the whole revision mechanism. 2.Constitute the standing organization. 3.Positively strive for the personnel and funds. 4.Draw up the revising policy and development goal of Chinese Classification Scheme. 5.Positively maintain and develop its application system. 4 ¶ ij ú Mû ȃ ε ………..……..………………………………………..……1 ú MO Β ̊ v ź ……………...………………………………..……1 ú qO Ð Ɋ n Ω ……………………………………………….....…2 ú O Ð Ɋ Β ̊ ………………………………………………….....3 ú oO Ð Ɋ ͤ Ɩ+; _ ………………………………………...…..3 ú RO ô ˚ ……………………………………...……………..4 ú qû & ϐ n r ………………………………………………………..5 ú MO ¦ȑ U m W n \ Ä §LÐ ]^ _ +` a b c ………..…...5 ú qO ¦ĽΟ Ο ? ĹɌ Ō n \ Ä §LÐ ]^ _ +` a b c ..….27 ú O ¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §LÐ ]^ _ +` a b c ………..….41 ú û Ð Ɋ ģ Ű +½ ¬ ………………………………………………55 ú MO Ð Ɋ ­ Ä ģ Ű …………………………...………………55 ú qO Ð Ɋ ș ÿ ½ ¬ ……………………………………...……55 ú oû IĽĹɌ n \ Ä Ð ]^ _ +` a b c Lh i ………………61 ú MO IĽĹɌ n \ Ä Ð ]^ _ Lh i ……………...…………61 ú qO IĽĹɌ n \ Ä ` a b c Lh i ……..………...………..79 ú O ¦IΟ ĹɌ n \ Ä §Ð ]^ _ +` a b c L Ğ Ϋ Β ʬ n r ……………………...……………………84 ú Rû u ε +| …………………………………………………..101 ú MO u ε ………………………...……………………………..101 ú qO | …………………………………………………….....107 ú O W Mș Ð Ɋ | …………………………………...……..109 Ά ō Ɍ n ………………………………………………………………110 ĭ ……………………………………………………………………119 ĭĞ Ϋ ô é Ο W{ ¬ ]á F7 sq r ô é ……..119 ĭ E-mail Ğ Β ķ ĭ………………………………………….......120 ĭ ,I Ο Ĺ Ɍ ΢ ͼ -L Ĥ ű ʣ Ȗ ƀ ¬ ɋ Õ Ğ Ϋ 1 Ǽ …….128 ĭ| ,I Ο Ĺ Ɍ ΢ ͼ -L Ĥ ű ʣ Ȗ ƀ ¬ ɋ Õ ! Β " ….....131 ĭ# LC $ % Ĺ ………………………………………………….…136 ĭ& ' ( )* ( )+ , - .