RESEARCH PROJECT Use, evaluate and extend own information literacy skills (CULLB602C) CHARLES DARWIN SUBMITTED BY Hossain Salahuddin Student No: 362 743 192 Diploma of Library & Information Services Part-time Evening (Class 2Z) TAFE Sydney Institute - Ultimo Campus FACILITATOR Poppy Prezios © A portrait of 31-year-old Charles Darwin by George Richmond in 1840. RESEARCH PROJECT Use, evaluate and extend own information literacy skills (CULLB602C) CHARLES DARWIN This bibliography will look at the life of this great British scientist with special reference to his Theory of Evolution and the evidence supporting the theory. The Bibliography will also examine the influences of Charles Darwin in various disciplines and modern world in general. (Word Count - 14,636) Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction! 5 Research Topic! 5 General Overview! 5 Coverage! 5 Target Audience! 6 Symbols used for the location of items! 7 The Life of Charles Darwin! 9 Selected citations & aspects covered! 10 Bibliographies (1-10)! 12 The Theory of Evolution! 20 Selected citations & aspects covered! 21 Bibliographies (11-20)! 23 The Evidence of Evolution! 30 Selected citations & aspects covered! 31 Bibliographies (21-29)! 33 Influences of Charles Darwin and his theory! 40 Selected citations & aspects covered! 41 Bibliographies (30-39)! 44 Research Process Report! 53 a. Types of search tools used! 53 b. Search strategy used to find the item! 54 Library Catalogue! 54 Electronic Databases! 54 Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 3 Internet Websites! 55 Subject Specific Reference Sources! 55 c. Difficulties encountered! 58 d. An item originally selected, but later rejected! 59 e. Diary of consultation! 60 Appendix! 61 UEE Research Project: changes in aspects and sub-headings! 62 The Evolutionary tree of Life! 64 Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 4 Introduction Research Topic The research topic for this project is - Charles Darwin. This bibliography will look at the life of this great British scientist with special reference to his theory of evolution and the evidence supporting his theory. The bibliography will also examine the influences of Charles Darwin in various disciplines and modern world in general. General Overview British naturalist Charles Darwin (1809-1882) is often described as one of the most influential figures in human history and one of the greatest scientists ever lived. In the nineteenth century his ideas about the history and diversity of life - including the evolutionary origin of humankind - contributed to major changes in science, philosophy, social thoughts and religious beliefs. His ‘theory of evolution’ has transformed the way humans think about themselves. Born in 1809, Charles Darwin grew up as a country boy in England and developed keen interest in collecting specimens of birds, insects and animals. In 1831, he embarked on a historic voyage on board the British naval vassal HMS Beagle and started to develop his groundbreaking radical explanation of life and the origin of species. He spent almost five years in the expedition and collected numerous animal and plant specimens from various places of the southern hemisphere, including the famed Galapagos islands. After returning England, Darwin spent years working in secret - painstakingly piecing together the evidence of his theory of evolution by natural selection. In the year 1859, almost 23 years after returning from his epic voyage, Darwin finally published his findings in his famous book ‘The origin of species’. Darwin’s radical ideas ignited fiercest debates and ridicule in conservative Victorian society. The debate continues to this day in some extent, although the truth of Darwin’s theory of evolution is widely accepted among the scientific community. Most scholars consider his ‘Theory of Evolution’ as a powerful idea that explains the existence of every living being, including human. 150 years after the publication of ‘The origin of species’, Charles Darwin still remains immensely influential, and his theory continues to explain a great many things about life - it’s complexity, diversity, beauty and elegance. Coverage ‘Charles Darwin’ is an extremely well-known scientist and there are numerous books, journal articles, reference sources and websites available to facilitate research on him and his ideas. For Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 5 such a broad topic and larger than life personality, it was important for a successful research project to pinpoint the aspects that need to be covered. The four main aspects of this topic are: • The life of Charles Darwin • The theory of evolution • The evidence of evolution • Influences of Charles Darwin and his theory Organisation and arrangement of citations The citations have been arranged in alphabetical order under each four aspects mentioned above. Some long URL links have been shortened using TinyURL : http://tiny.cc/ (For symbols used for the location of items, please see page 7) Target Audience This bibliography has been created to assist an undergraduate student of the University of Sydney, in their first semester, studying Evolutionary Biology. Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 6 Symbols used for the location of items SYMBOLS MEANING USED Library Catalogues • University of Sydney Library Catalogue (http://opac.library.usyd.edu.au/) • TAFE NSW Library Network Catalogue (http://tafecat.tafensw.edu.au/tafecat.html) • University of NSW Library Catalogue (http://www.library.unsw.edu.au/) Electronic Databases • Science & Geography Education (SAGE) on INFORMIT online. (http://tiny.cc/o76kx) • ProQuest Science and Technology from SLNSW eResources. (http://tiny.cc/rvclv) • Info Trac from TAFE Sydney Institute Library Database (http://tiny.cc/al00r) Internet Websites • Google Search Engine (www.google.com.au). • Bing Search Engine (www.bing.com) • Yahoo Search Engine (http://au.search.yahoo.com/web?fr=yfp-t-501) Subject Specific Reference Sources • Print Subject Specific Reference Sources from the Library Catalogue. • Online Subject Specific Reference Sources: • ScienceZine Encyclopedia (http://encyclozine.com/) © • McGraw-Hill’s AcessScience Encyclopedia of Science & Technology Online (http://accessscience.com/index.aspx) • The Encyclopedia of Science (http://www.daviddarling.info/ encyclopedia/ETEmain.html) • Science Encyclopedia (http://science.jrank.org/) IconArchive (http://www.iconarchive.com/) Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 7 Mind Map Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 8 The Life of Charles Darwin The following citations will provide information on the life of Charles Darwin. These citations will also cover the following subheadings listed in the mind map (page 8): Born 12 February 1809, British Naturalist, 1831-1836 Voyage of the Beagle, 1859 Publication of ‘The origin of species’, Backlash, Died 19 April 1882. © A portrait of 7-year-old Charles Darwin by Ellen Sharples in 1816. Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 9 Selected citations & aspects covered in alphabetical order Source Citations Aspects covered Born 12 February 1809, Browne, E. J. (E. Janet). Charles Darwin/ vol. 1. Voyaging. British Naturalist, London: Jonathan Cape, 1995. 1831-1836 Voyage of the Beagle Browne, E. J. (E. Janet). Charles Darwin: the power of place; 1859 Publication of ‘The volume II of a biography. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, origin of species’, Backlash, 2003. Died 19 April 1882. Browne, Janet. “The Voyages of Charles Darwin: Travels in South America”. David Rockefeller Center for British Naturalist, Latin American Studies-Harvard University . Retrieved 1831-1836 Voyage of the October 16, 2011 from www.drclas.harvard.edu/ Beagle revistaweb/earthsky/legacyofdarwin/browne Born 12 February 1809, British Naturalist, Charles Darwin on the origin of species. Retrieved 1831-1836 Voyage of the November 19, 2011 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/ Beagle, 1859 Publication science/charles-darwin of ‘The origin of species’, Backlash, Died 19 April 1882. Born 12 February 1809, British Naturalist, “Charles Darwin”. ScienceZine. Retrieved November 19, 1831-1836 Voyage of the 2011 from http://encyclozine.com/history/biography/ Beagle, 1859 Publication darwin of ‘The origin of species’, Backlash, Died 19 April 1882. Born 12 February 1809, “Darwin”. American museum of natural history. Retrieved British Naturalist, November 19, 2011 from http://www.amnh.org/ 1831-1836 Voyage of the exhibitions/darwin/ Beagle, 1859 Publication of ‘The origin of species’ Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 10 Source Citations Aspects covered Born 12 February 1809, Desmond, Adrian and Moore, James. Darwin, London: British Naturalist, Penguin, 1992. Backlash, Died 19 April 1882. Francis, Keith. Charles Darwin and the origin of species, 1859 Publication of ‘The Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press, 2007. origin of species’ Quammen, David. “Darwin’s first clues”. National British Naturalist, Geographic, vol. 215, issue 2, Feb 2009: 34-55. Retrieved 1831-1836 Voyage of the October 16, 2011 from Science and Geography Beagle, 1859 Publication Education (SAGE) on INFORMIT online. of ‘The origin of species’ Sulloway, Frank J. “The evolution of Charles Darwin: a creationist when he visited the Galapagos islands, the British Naturalist, great naturalist grasped the full significance of the 1831-1836 Voyage of the unique wildlife he found there only well after he had Beagle, 1859 Publication returned to London.” Smithsonian, Dec. 2005: 58 - 68. of ‘The origin of species’. Retrieved October 16, 2011 from Info Trac on General OneFile. Hossain Salahuddin!Charles Darwin 11 Bibliographies (1-10) University