Chemically Related Activity in Industry, Higher Education, Government, Learned Societies and Trade / Professional Associations, and Research Institutes in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico and Venezuela, and Other Selected Nations of America Latina A Draft Report Prepared by The American Chemical Society Office of International Activities March 15, 2001 CONFIDENTIAL DRAFT Contents 1Forward....................................................................................................................................................6 Critical Point Summary - Chemically Related Activities in Selected Countries of Latin America .....7 Chemically Related Academic / Industrial Relations–Summarized ACS Members in LA Survey Responses...........................................................................................................................................9 Executive Summary................................................................................................................................10 Purpose and Scope ...........................................................................................................................10 Regional Characteristics...................................................................................................................10 The Chemical Industry.....................................................................................................................11 Higher Education .............................................................................................................................11 Learned Societies and Trade / Professional Associations................................................................12 Government......................................................................................................................................12 Research & Development ................................................................................................................12 Industry-University Relations and Other Collaborations Across Sectors........................................14 In A World of Collaborative Opportunity:The ACS and Chemically Related Science and Technology in Latin America ..........................................................................................................15 Introduction...............................................................................................................................................16 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................18 Latin America: In Brief .........................................................................................................................19 Latin American Regional Economic History, Activities and Issues................................................19 Highlights.........................................................................................................................................19 Trade Agreements in Latin America................................................................................................20 Spanish Firms Revive Latin America Conquest ..............................................................................22 Latin America and the Globalization Index.....................................................................................27 The Latin American Chemical Industry...........................................................................................28 Latin America And The Energy Sector............................................................................................32 Latin America and Energy Consumption – in Millions of BTU’s...................................................34 The Latin American Petrochemical Industry ...................................................................................35 Petrochemical Production 1999 .......................................................................................................37 The Petrochemical Sector and MERCOSUR...................................................................................38 The Agrochemical Market in Latin America...................................................................................39 Retail Pharmaceutical Sales: Selected Counties in Latin America..................................................40 Other Chemically related Latin American Regional Developments................................................43 Higher Education in Latin America....................................................................................................43 Latin America and Student / Scholar Exchange ..............................................................................52 1998 / 1999.......................................................................................................................................53 Foreign Scholars in the USA............................................................................................................53 US S&E Doctorates Awarded to Citizens of Latin America .......................................................54 Science and Technology in Latin America ......................................................................................55 Information Technology and Latin America....................................................................................56 Internet Infrastructure.......................................................................................................................61 Research and Development in Latin America .................................................................................62 Coauthored and internationally coauthored scientific and technical articles for selected countries in Latin America...................................................................................................................................64 Chemically Related Research Networks in Latin America..........................................................................64 Latin America and the Caribbean and US Foreign Development Assistance .................................65 Chemically Related Activity Across Sectors - Argentina .......................................................................77 National Overview – Argentina .......................................................................................................78 www.acs.org/international 2 US and Country Contacts - Argentina .............................................................................................86 Chemically Related Company Case Studies – Argentina................................................................95 Other Selected Chemical and Related Product Companies - Argentina..........................................96 Higher Education - Argentina ........................................................................................................100 Highlights...................................................................................................................................101 Faculties of Chemical Sciences – Argentina..................................................................................101 Chemically Related Trade Associations and Professional Societies - Argentina..........................107 Chemically Related Learned Societies – Argentina.......................................................................109 Chemically Related Research - Argentina .....................................................................................110 Highlights...................................................................................................................................110 Research Centers – Argentina....................................................................................................110 ACS Member Characteristics – Argentina.....................................................................................120 Compiled ACS Member Questionnaire Results - Argentina .........................................................121 Funding Organizations with Interests in Argentina .......................................................................127 For More Information on Argentina ..............................................................................................134 Chemically Related Activity Across Sectors – Brazil ...........................................................................136 National Overview - Brazil ............................................................................................................137 Chemically Related Trade and Industry in Brazil..........................................................................157 Highlights...................................................................................................................................157 US Intl Trade with Brazil Overall and Chemicals and Related Products ..................................158 Leading Chemical Companies in Brazil ....................................................................................160 Chemically Related Company Case Studies – Brazil ....................................................................161 Higher Education - Brazil ..............................................................................................................165 Highlights...................................................................................................................................166