Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data 2008 California Department of Pesticide Regulation P.O. Box 4015 Sacramento, CA 95812-4015 California Environmental Protection Agency Department of Pesticide Regulation Arnold Schwarzenegger, Governor Linda S. Adams, Secretary California Environmental Protection Agency Mary-Ann Warmerdam, Director Department of Pesticide Regulation November 2009 Any portion of this report may be reproduced for any but profit-making purposes. For information for obtaining electronic data files, see Page iii. This report is also available on DPR's Web site <www.cdpr.ca.gov>. If you have questions concerning this report, call (916) 445-3887. TABLE OF CONTENTS How To Access The Summary Of Pesticide Use Report Data................................................................ iii I. INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................1 DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PESTICIDE USE REPORTING SYSTEM .....1 TYPES OF PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS REPORTED ...........................................................................1 HOW PESTICIDE DATA ARE USED.......................................................................................................2 Risk Assessment....................................................................................................................................2 Worker Health and Safety .....................................................................................................................2 Public Health .........................................................................................................................................3 Endangered Species...............................................................................................................................3 Water Quality ........................................................................................................................................3 Air Quality.............................................................................................................................................3 Pest Management...................................................................................................................................4 Processor and Retailer Requirements....................................................................................................4 II. COMMENTS AND CLARIFICATIONS OF DATA...............................................................................5 TERMINOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................5 COMMODITY CODES ..............................................................................................................................5 UNREGISTERED USE...............................................................................................................................6 ADJUVANTS ..............................................................................................................................................6 ZERO POUNDS APPLIED.........................................................................................................................6 ACRES TREATED......................................................................................................................................6 NUMBER OF APPLICATIONS .................................................................................................................7 ERRORS ......................................................................................................................................................7 III. DATA SUMMARY....................................................................................................................................8 PESTICIDE USE IN CALIFORNIA...........................................................................................................8 PESTICIDE SALES IN CALIFORNIA ......................................................................................................8 i Table of pounds of pesticide active ingredients reported in each county and rank during 2007 and 2008 .......................................................................................................................................9 Table of pounds of pesticide active ingredients used from 1997 – 2008 by general use categories..........10 IV. TRENDS IN USE IN CERTAIN PESTICIDE CATEGORIES ..........................................................11 USE TRENDS OF PESTICIDES ON THE STATE’S PROPOSITION 65 LIST OF CHEMICALS THAT ARE “KNOWN TO CAUSE REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY” ..............................................15 USE TRENDS OF PESTICIDES LISTED BY U.S. EPA AS CARCINOGENS OR BY THE STATE AS “KNOWN TO CAUSE CANCER”.....................................................................................................20 USE TRENDS OF CHOLINESTERASE-INHIBITING PESTICIDES ...................................................25 USE TRENDS OF PESTICIDES ON DPR’S GROUND WATER PROTECTION LIST ......................32 USE TRENDS OF PESTICIDES ON DPR’S TOXIC AIR CONTAMINANTS LIST............................34 USE TRENDS OF FUMIGANT PESTICIDES ........................................................................................43 USE TRENDS OF OIL PESTICIDES.......................................................................................................46 USE TRENDS OF BIOPESTICIDES .......................................................................................................51 V. TRENDS IN PESTICIDE USE IN CERTAIN COMMODITIES ........................................................64 VI. SUMMARY OF PESTICIDE USE REPORT DATA 2008 INDEXED BY CHEMICALS ............109 ii How to Access the Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data The Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data indexed by chemical or commodity reports for years 1989–2008 can be found on DPR’s Web site at <www.cdpr.ca.gov>. The Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data is available in two formats. One report is indexed by chemical and lists the amount of each pesticide used, the commodity on which it was used, the number of agricultural applications, and the acres/units treated. The second report is indexed by commodity and lists the chemicals used, the number of agricultural applications, amount of pesticides used, and the acres/units treated. The Annual Pesticide Use Report Data (the complete database of reported pesticide applications for 1990-2008) are available on CD ROM. The files are in text (comma delimited) format. The complete PUR database (Zip files by year, 1974 to current year) may be downloaded from DPR’s FTP site at <ftp://pestreg.cdpr.ca.gov/pub/outgoing/pur_archives/>. Questions regarding the Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data should be directed to the Department of Pesticide Regulation, Pest Management and Licensing Branch, P.O. Box 4015, Sacramento, California 95812-4015, telephone (916) 445-3887 or you may email questions to <[email protected]>. iii I. INTRODUCTION Development and Implementation of the Pesticide Use Reporting System This 2008 Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data includes agricultural applications and other selected uses reported in California. The report represents a summary of the data gathered under full use reporting. The Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) uses the data to help estimate dietary risk and to ensure compliance with clean air laws, as well as ground water protection regulations. Site-specific use report data, combined with geographic data on endangered species habitats, also help county agricultural commissioners resolve potential pesticide use conflicts. Detailed, individual pesticide use report (PUR) data may be obtained from DPR for in-depth, analytical purposes. Under full use reporting, which began in 1990, California became the first state to require reporting of all agricultural pesticide use, including amounts applied and types of crops or places (e.g., structures, roadsides) treated. Commercial applications–including structural fumigation, pest control, and turf applications—must also be reported. Pesticide use reporting is explained in more detail below. Types of Pesticide Applications Reported Partial reporting of agricultural pesticide use has been in place in California since at least the 1950s. Beginning in 1970, anyone who used restricted materials was required to file a pesticide use report with the county agricultural commissioner. The criteria established to designate a pesticide as a restricted material include potential hazard to: • public health; • farm workers; • domestic animals; • honeybees; • the environment; • wildlife; • other crops. With certain exceptions, restricted materials may be possessed or used only by, or under the supervision of, licensed or certified persons, and only in accordance with an annual permit issued by a county agricultural commissioner. In addition, the State required commercial pest control operators1 to report all pesticides used, whether restricted or nonrestricted. These reports included information about the pesticide applied, when and where the application was made, and the crop involved if the application was in agriculture. The reports were entered into a computerized database and summarized by chemical and crop in annual reports. With implementation of full use reporting in 1990, the following pesticide uses are required to be reported