perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id RACISM PERSPECTIVE AS REFLECTED IN BOB MARLEY’S AND THE WAILER’S SONGS THESIS Submitted as A Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For The Sarjana Degree in the English Department Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University by SETYO CAHYANINGTYAS C 1307530 ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS & FINE ARTS SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA 2011 commit to user i perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id RACISM PERSPECTIVE AS REFLECTED IN BOB MARLEY’S AND THE WAILER’S SONGS by SETYO CAHYANINGTYAS C 1307530 Approved to be examined by the Consultant Thesis Consultant; Dra . Nani Sukarni, MS. NIP.195103211981032002 Head of English, Non Regular Program Drs . Sugiyarto Budi Waskito, M.Pd. NIP. 195811081983031001 commit to user ii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id RACISM PERSPECTIVE AS REFLECTED IN BOB MARLEY’S AND THE WAILER’S SONGS by SETYO CAHYANINGTYAS C 1307530 Accepted and Approved by The Board of Examiners Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University On June 16, 2011 Position Name Signature Chairperson Drs. Hendarto R, MA (…………………) NIP. 196506011992032002 Secretary Dra. SK. Habsari, M.Hum, Ph.D (………………….) NIP. 196703231995122001 First Examiner Dra. Nani Sukarni, MS (………………….) NIP. 195103211981032002 Second Examiner Dra. Endang Sri Astuti, MS (…………………..) NIP. 195208141981032001 Dean of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D. NIP 196003281986011001 commit to user iii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id Pronouncement Name; Setyo Cahyaningtyas NIM; C1307530 Stated wholeheartedly that the thesis entitled Racism perspective as reflected in Bob Marley’s and The Wailer’s songs is originally made by the researcher. It is not a plagiarism nor made by others. The things related to other people’s work are written in quotations and included in the bibliography. If it is later discovered and proven that this pronouncement is falsehood, the researcher willingly accept any penalty from the English Department, Faculty of Letters & Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University. commit to user iv perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id DEDICATION THIS THESIS IS DEDICATED TO: MY FAMILY & ALL FRIENDS commit to user v perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id MOTTO DREAM IS A KEY TO CONQUER THE WORLD (Nidji) THINGKING OUT OF THE BOX EXECUTE INSIDE THE BOX (Yoris Sebastian) commit to user vi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A great thank to Allah SWT, The Owner of Almighty Power and Great unity, for giving mercy, blessing and guidance in completing this thesis However, the researcher deeply realizes that completion of this thesis would not be achieved without the support from many individuals who have given their power and spent their time to guide and assist the researcher. Therefore in this special occasion, the researcher would like to express the deepest gratitude to: 1. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed,Ph.D. as Dean of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, for giving the researcher a chance to study in this faculty. 2. Drs. Sugiyarto Budi Waskito, M.Pd. as Head of the English Non Regular Program for the approval and permission to complete this thesis. 3. Dra. Nani Sukarni, MS. as my Thesis Consultant for the support and advices to help me finish the thesis. Thank you so much, Mam… 4. Agus Dwi Priyanto, SS, M.Call. as the Academic Advisor for the advices and guidance. 5. All lecturers in the English Department for the knowledge and ideas. 6. My Big family for the support, especially for my Parent’s (treasure of my life) this thesis is special for you, for all your support and pray, I am very proud of both of you. 7. All of my friends in the English Department Non Regular Program, Sebelas Maret University, Budi, Supriyanto, Indah, Pratama, Dinar,Yeti, Ami, Niken, Ehud, commit to user vii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id 8. Heny, Tiyas, Sukma, Santi, Lukita, feri, lala, nita, jasjus, and all friends (although your names are not all mentioned here) for the support and invaluable moments, I hope we can reunite once more…….. 9. Saxaf (Indra’’eros’’, ‘’Trevor’’ Fandi, Ari Budi, Andri ‘’Sheehan’’ and Niken) Thanks for the memorable moments and gigs you rock guys… 10. The Wisma Nela, Galih , Gendok, Arip, Dedi, Nova, Gasbul, Gesid, Adit, Aziz, Wawan, Topan, Bangjo, Bahoo, Fajar, Gopel, Roni, Godek, Eling Thanks for the friendship and memorable moments in 2 years, Great Respect…… 11. Padi, Dream theater and Muse For shivering images and words 12. Bob Marley, the inspiration of the thesis. The researcher realizes that this thesis is far from being perfect, criticism and suggestion will be kindly accepted. The researcher hopes that this thesis will be beneficial for those who are interested in American Studies. Surakarta, June 16, 2011 Setyo Cahyaningtyas commit to user viii perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE..................................................................................................... i THESIS CONSULTANT’S APPROVAL ............................................... ii THE BOARD OF EXAMINER’S APPROVAL...................................... iii PRONOUNCEMENT ............................................................................. iv DEDICATION........................................................................................ v MOTTO.................................................................................................. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................ ix ABSTRACT .......................................................................................... xii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION A. Bakcground of Choosing the Subject ..................................... 1 B. Problem Statement ................................................................ 4 C. Scope of Study ...................................................................... 4 D. Objective ............................................................................... 5 E. Benefits of Study ................................................................... 5 F. Method of Research ............................................................... 5 commit to user ix perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id G. Theoretical Approach ............................................................ 7 H. Thesis organization ................................................................ 10 CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW A. Bob Marley’s and the Wailer’s Life and career ..................... 11 B. Reggae Music ....................................................................... 16 C. Racism toward African American in American Society ........ 21 D. The Civil Right Movement ................................................... 29 E. Semiotics .............................................................................. 30 CHAPTER III. ANALYSIS A. Bob Marley’s and the Wailer’s perspectives on racism ......... 36 1. Racism and discrimination in the Civil War……………….. 37 2. Injustice treatment and segregation in American institution..... 43 3. Unfair treatment and oppression system of slavery…………. 51 B. Bob Marley’s and the Wailer’s Suggestions for Racism……….. 58 CHAPTER IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION A. Conclusion ........................................................................... 70 B. Recommendation .................................................................. 73 commit to user x perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................ 74 APPENDICES commit to user xi perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ABSTRACT Setyo Cahyaningtyas. C1307530; Racism perspective as reflected in Bob Marley’s and The Wailer’s songs Thesis; English Department Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts Sebelas Maret University. This thesis entitled Racism perspective as reflected in Bob Marley’s and The Wailer’s songs is conducted within the American studies research for the purpose of giving description of Bob Marley’s and The Wailer’s perspective on racism. The perspective is revealed through analyzing the band’s nine song lyrics. This study emphasizes on two problem statements. The first problem statement intends to find out Bob Marley’s and the Wailer’s perspective on racism toward black people, while the second one has an objective of exploring the suggestions for racism offered in Bob Marley’s and The Wailer’s songs. The research is a descriptive qualitative research which applies library research. The source of data is Bob Marley’s and The Wailer’s albums, especially those produced during the 70s to the 80s. The main data were nine songs which constitute the group’s criticism and perspective on racism toward black. The secondary data were collected from articles, interviews, and quotes related to Bob Marley’s and the Wailer’s and the issues of racism, which are significant for the analysis. The research was carried out within the frame work of American studies. Therefore, it employs interdisciplinary study, which brings the consequence of applying some approaches. The approaches used in this research are sociological, historical, music theory and biographical approach. It also uses semiotic, especially that of Roland Barthes’ theory. These approaches are important to conduct the analysis so that the answer of the problem statements can be revealed. After conducting the analysis, the researcher