JOURNAL OF JUNGIAN SCHOLARLY STUDIES 2020 Volume 15 General Editor Elizabeth Èowyn Nelson Assistant Editor Copy Editor Peter Dunlap Matthew Fike Assistant Editor, Poetry Assistant Editor, Visual Art Lisa Pounders Heather Taylor-Zimmerman Layout Designer Elizabeth Èowyn Nelson Editorial Board Robin Barre, Ph.D., Peter T. Dunlap, Ph.D., Alexandra Fidyk, Ph.D., Matthew Fike, Ph.D., Sukey Fontelieu, Ph.D., Luke Hockley, Ph.D., Inez Martinez, Ph.D., Robert Mitchell, Elizabeth Èowyn Nelson, Ph.D., Lisa A. Pounders, Susan Rowland, Ph.D., Heather Taylor-Zimmerman, Ph.D., Susan Wyatt, Ph.D. Cover art: Witness by Sandra Salzillo TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Elizabeth Èowyn Nelson 1 2020 ESSAYS, ART, AND POETRY 2 Heather Taylor-Zimmerman, Emerging oil on canvas 2 Inez Martinez, Psyche Unfolding 3 Erik D. Goodwyn Archetypes: The Contribution of Individual Psychology to Cross-cultural Symbolism 5 Greg Mahr, Orion 20 Gelareh Khoie, Sophia Rising oil, acrylic, and gold marker on canvas 21 Kathleen Warwick-Smith Tracking Prudence: What an Iconographic Trail Reveals about Western Culture and its Pathology 22 Roula Maria Dib, Number 1 46 Heather Taylor-Zimmerman, Awakening oil on canvas 47 Rachael A. Vaughan The Hero Versus the Initiate: The Western Ego Faced with Climate Chaos 48 Heather Taylor-Zimmerman, Embracing oil on canvas 63 D. J. Moores Dancing the Wild Divine: Drums, Drugs, and Individuation 64 Heather Taylor-Zimmerman, Dreaming oil on canvas 84 Judd A. Case, Midlife Corvette 85 Greg Mahr and Jamie Sweigart Psychedelic Drugs and Jungian Therapy 86 Sandra Salzillo, Witness acrylic on clay board 99 Dena Watson-Krasts Re-membering Beauty: Rape Culture, Femicide, and the Shadow 100 Heather Taylor-Zimmerman, Unfurling oil on canvas 120 Lisa A. Pounders, By a Hot Spring 121 BOOK REVIEWS 122 Matthew A. Fike, Four Novels in Jung’s 1925 Seminar: Literary Discussion and Analytical Psychology reviewed by D. J. Moores 123 Clara Oropeza, Anaïs Nin: A Myth of Her Own reviewed by Charlotte Lestrade 125 2020 VISUAL ART AND ARTIST STATEMENTS 128 About the Artists and Poets 136 Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, Volume 15, 2020 1 Introduction Chaos and Interdisciplinarity, the theme of this volume of the journal, reflects the topic of the June 2019 conference of the Jungian Society for Scholarly Studies held in Asheville, North Carolina. I doubt that anyone imagined how relevant the topic of chaos would be, several months later, as we go to press in March 2020. At the Spring Equinox, which reminds us of the fundamental fact of ceaseless change, humanity is facing the social, cultural, economic, and political chaos created by the COVID-19 pandemic. We do not know what the future holds. It is said that the opposite of chaos is order, but kindness may be its true opposite, or its antidote and medicine, when chaos is painful, when it spreads, disease-like, among persons. Kindness takes little effort, but it begins with attention—and attention is scarce when chaos reigns. Chaos distills attention into the present moment and draws the heart toward the thoughtful action one can take in the only moment there is. Then one chooses to be kind or cruel, generous of soul or miserly. Momentary acts of kindness are more than momentary medicine: they are a tincture that dissolves into the chaos and, when recollected hours, days, or months later, soothes our response to it. “Performing random acts of kindness and senseless beauty,” a popular motto years ago, is a flawed idea. Kindness should be intentional and habitual, a generous impulse from one soul to another. Better: Perform intentional acts of kindness and enduring beauty. And so, at this moment, I name the great acts of kindness that made the 2020 volume of the journal possible: our terrific editorial team, especially Heather, Lisa, Matthew, and Peter; our generous peer reviewers; and the artists, poets, and scholars whose work is featured in these pages. The contributors explored the topic of chaos from a rich array of disciplines, including anthropology, art history, biology, climate science, complexity theory, cultural studies, ecology, economics, ecopsychology, ethics, folklore, genetics, literature, mythology, neurobiology, psychedelic research, religious studies, and shamanic studies. Methodological approaches include arts-based research, autoethnography, case study, hermeneutics, and phenomenology. May our work be a contribution to a thoughtful world and a reminder that beauty is always worth creating. Elizabeth Èowyn Nelson, General Editor Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, Volume 15, 2020 2 2020 ESSAYS, ART, AND POETRY Emerging oil on canvas 24” x 36” by Heather Taylor-Zimmerman Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, Volume 15, 2020 3 Psyche Unfolding Inez Martinez What if psyche’s not an iceberg? consciousness a tiny human tip atop layered unknowns? Instead, an inexorable outpouring— shaped this way then that, whose ends— should there be ends— humans will never, can never, know? a flowing thread forming and unforming, each Being a way of knowing— crashing asteroids creating, earth’s molten fire feeding, chemicals merging, leaves breathing light and exhaling sweet, oh congenial air— lizard-hipped and bird-hipped dinosaurs assuming themselves, grazing and hunting until a tumbling sky-rock smashes earth— Gone their way of knowing . What if our human way of knowing, bloated with ignorance, ever amazed, shocked, to find psyche in earth— river currents, salt, loam, grubs, intentional forests, dancing bees, grooming monkeys, calling elephants and singing whales— What if, being wrenched from basking in the rhythms of waking, working, sleep, Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, Volume 15, 2020 4 talking, eating, desire, caring, not caring, caring, Bach oratorios and Tibetan bells, by our sulfuric faces lit lynching burning bodies, feeding furnaces Jewish dead, exploding Hiroshima, fossil fueling earth, We see— Psyche now life force, now death force, the same force in us? humans a flicker? Ah, could we bear it? the loss of centrality, the dreams— a just world of plenty, truth being beautiful? Could we surrender, give up refusing to know psyche’s flowing weave of being and knowing curls life with death? Yes, our own? Would we then— incredulous— be orgasmed every cell with joy, for a moment, any moment, of being alive? Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, Volume 15, 2020 5 Archetypes: The Contribution of Individual Psychology to Cross-cultural Symbolism Erik D. Goodwyn Abstract: When a patient reports a dream or undirected fantasy in psychotherapy, classical Jungian technique includes, among other things, comparing this material to that of cross-cultural symbolism (CCS). The validity of this aspect of the method hinges on what we think the origin of CCS is. If we believe that the lion’s share of such content comes from specific universal tendencies of the individual psyche, then it is reasonable to look to CCS as a source of clinical interpretive information. If not, however, the method loses credibility. An examination of this comparison reveals that some discussions about archetypes have been plagued by a false dichotomy of biology vs. emergence. Addressing this problem helps to organize various theories about archetypes that compare CCS into a more productive dialogue. Keywords: Anthropology, archetype, cross-cultural symbolism, emergence, genetics, Jung, phenomenology, self-organization Myths and Dreams Consider that there is a “Beauty and the Beast” type story in the folklore of nearly every culture studied around the world. Folklorists classify the Beauty and the Beast story as Aarne-Thompson-Uther (ATU) type 425C (Üther, 2011), which unfolds as follows: a merchant embarks on a trip intending to bring back three gifts for his daughters. The older two demand jewelry and clothing, but the youngest one asks for a rose. The merchant gets lost and stays in a deserted castle/house where he finally finds a rose. There, an animal/monster (who is sometimes invisible) demands that the merchant return or send a substitute. The youngest daughter volunteers to take his place but refuses to marry the ugly/invisible creature, who is nevertheless kind to her. She then sees her father (often with a magic mirror) ill, and she is allowed to visit him, but her envious sisters conspire to make her overstay her allotted visitation time. When she returns and finds the creature near death, she realizes she loves him and so caresses/kisses him, which breaks the spell and reveals his true self as a handsome prince/etc. They marry. Versions of the ATU 425C story have been found (Üther 2011: 252) in Finland, Sweden, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Denmark, the Faeroes, England, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Sardinia, Malta, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, Mordvinia, Yakutsk, Mongolia, Georgia, India, China, Japan, the Americas, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, Brazil, Egypt, Tunisia, and Morocco among others. Some linguists even claim that the Indo-European versions of this story are likely to be at least 2500 to 6000 years old (da Silva and Tehrani, 2016: 8). The following dream was reported in therapy by 35-year old woman, “Ms. A”: I’ve been “married off” to a man in a big house on a hill in another state. I’m pretty reluctant to go, but I have to—it’s weird, I feel like I have to do Journal of Jungian Scholarly Studies, Volume 15, 2020 6 it to help my dad for some reason, to make him happy or something. Anyway, when I get there the house is really dark and my husband is “in the shadows” all the time. I can’t see him. I’m supposed to be married to this guy but I can just hear his voice. Obviously this dream bears more than a passing resemblance to a significant part of the above ATU 425C story. Suppose for the sake of argument that this patient has never seen or read any version of the Beauty and the Beast story.