Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82074-5 - Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities Timothy Reuter Index More information Index Aachen: 96, 128, 137, 145, 343, 425 Airlie, Stuart: 224 and the Carolingian political tradition: 274, Aistulf, Lombard king: 232, 242 275, 278, 279 Alan of Tewkesbury: 171, 172, 176 Carolingian royal chapel at: 141, 142 Albert, bishop of Liege:` 66 Charlemagne receives tribute at: 234 Alemannia: see Swabia fiscal complex: 337 Alexander II, pope: 150, 151, 162 see also Charlemagne; Lotharingia Alexander III, pope: 204 Abodrites: 232 and the Becket dispute: 174, 176, 177, 180, 186 campaign against (892): 221 Alfonso II, king of Asturias: sends Charlemagne Adalbero, bishop of Augsburg: 225 trophies after the capture of Lisbon: 240 Adalbero, duke of Carinthia: 202, 363, 372, 379 Alfred, king of Wessex: 5, 15, 140, 280 Adalbero, bishop of Laon: 228 ‘Alfredian’ charters: 297 Adalbero, bishop of Wurtzburg:¨ 371 and the dating of the Life of Alfred: 10–11 Adalbero II, count of Ebersberg: 375 and taxation: 445 Adalbert Babenberger: 114 translation programme: 298 Adalbert, count of Ballenstedt: 364 and the unification of England: 287 Adalbert, archbishop of Bremen: 385 Alfred ‘the Ætheling’: 290 Adalbert of St Maximin, archbishop of Algazi, Gadi: 115 Magdeburg: 340 Allstedt, Ottonian royal palace: 141, 142 continues Regino of Prum’s¨ Chronicon: 290 Alpert of Metz: 146, 366, 367, 398 mission to the Russians: 276 Alsace: 286 Adalbert, archbishop of Mainz: 380 Althoff, Gerd: 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 130, 144, Adalbert, duke of Upper Lotharingia: 364 178, 184, 203, 361 Adalbert, enemy of Thietmar of Merseburg: 323 Alton: 48 Adalbold, bishop of Utrecht: 366 Americas, discovery of: 22 Adam of Bremen: 118, 140, 340, 451 Andernach, battle of (876): 234 Adela, wife of count Balderich: 142, 143, 355, 356 Anderson, Benedict: 299 Adela, wife of Dedi of Lower Lusitania: 356 Anderson, Perry: 35, 389 Adelaide, margravine of Turin: 384 Angevin empire: and capitals: 440 Adhemar of Chabannes: 75, 227 composite: 427, 457 adventus regis: 190, 201 exceptionally rich accounts of assemblies: 200 Æthelred II ‘the Unready’, English king: 75, 290 and France: 450 Æthelstan, English king: victory at Brunanburh: geographically mobile elite: 450 288 reactions against papal jurisdiction: 430 Agapetus II, pope: 349 size of kingdom: 402 Agilolfing family: dukes of Bavaria: 285 style of kingship: idea of ‘advanced strained relations with Carolingians: 259 government’: 455, 457 Agnes of Poitou, empress, wife of Henry III: 144, and the absence of the king: 457 299, 369, 385 and administrative practice: 186, 395 Aibling: 227 comparison with Germany: 390 Aimo, leader of a gang of robbers: 57 itinerant representatives: 425 459 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82074-5 - Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities Timothy Reuter Index More information 460 Index Angevin empire: and capitals (cont.) Mainz continuator: 224, 231 judicial practice: 392, 394, 397, 423, 424, Regensburg continuator: 217, 219, 227 426, 429, 430, 441, 442, 444 Anno, archbishop of Cologne: 162, 331, 333, privileges and mandates: 415, 418, 421, 422 369 and succession: 290, 447 Anouilh, Jean: 167 and taxation: 445, 446 Ansegis: 292 use of ritual: 131 Anselm, archbishop of Canterbury: 66, 99, 181, see also Anglo-Norman dynasty; England 202 Anglo-Norman dynasty: and assemblies: 196, Anselm II, bishop of Lucca: 156, 385 200, 209 Aosta, bishopric: 340 and capitals: 440 apanages (of Capetian kings’ sons): 285, 448 conquest: 15, 83, 85 Appelt, Heinrich: 415, 421, 431 found new form of state: 435, 436, 439 Aquitaine: 207, 227, 230, 249, 270, 299, 307, 427 regional diversity: 427 see also Angevin empire and royal justice: 441, 442 Ariano: 205 and shires: 437 Aribo, archbishop of Mainz: 372 succession crises: 290 aristocracy: see elite and taxation: 445, 446 Arles: 450 writs: 422 army: fighting-men without land benefices: 237, see also England; Normans 239, 266 Anglo-Saxon England vassals with land benefices: 238 and assemblies: 196, 209 warbands led by ecclesiastics: 238–9, 343, 344, attitude to foreign customs: 144, 298–9 348 and charter witness-lists: 196 warbands led by lay elite: 239 and the church: 346, 347, 348 geographical or ethnic names: 258 and crime: 443 under the Merovingians: 257 and economic growth: 304 recruitment of the Carolingian army: 243 and feudalism: 303, 308 and the general summons of free men: 245, influence of Carolingian state tradition: 280, 256, 257, 260, 262, in the capitularies: 304 256 coinage: 280, 290 and ‘Freienpolitik’: 262 law-codes: 280, 292, 293 small freeman unlikely to have been weights and measures: 280 backbone of Carolingian army: 244–6 and itinerant kingship: 295 mobilisation of slaves and unfree: 246 ‘maximalist’ view of Old English state: 186–7, for offensive or defensive warfare: 259 286, 290, 292 expense of military service: 244 monasteries: 346, 347 rewards: 239 and regional power-bases: 288 and the circulation of goods: 240, 266 regnal ethnicity and terminology: 297 ‘profit-and-loss’ assessment of warfare: 243, and royal titulature: 297 266 smooth transitions through breaks in the difficulty of raising armies from the end of political succession: 290 Charlemagne’s reign: 251 and sources: 294 see also assemblies; bishops; Carolingian state formation: and shires: 437 empire; elite; gift; liberi homines; comparison with Ottonian Germany: plunder; tribute 284–99 Arnold, bishop of Cologne: 422 and unification: 296, 304 Arnold, archbishop of Trier: 430 taxation: 444 Arnold, bishop of Worms: 332 unlikely target for the Franks: 265 Arnulf of Carinthia, East Frankish king and see also bishops; charters; England; emperor: 218, 219 historiography; shires; Wessex his election as king: 297 Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: 12, 38, 42, 50, 287, 289, hegemonial position: 248 290, 295 concubines: 218 Anjou: 457 family relationship with the elder Conrad: 220 Annals of Fulda: 217, 223, 225, 248, 401 gifts of land to his wife Uota: 220, 221, 222 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82074-5 - Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities Timothy Reuter Index More information Index 461 attacked indirectly by the accusation of Attigny: 159 adultery against his wife Uota: 225 Attila: 121 illness: 225, 226–7 Auden, W. H.: 3 Italian campaign (896): 225, 226 Auer, L.: 344 requires swearing of an oath of loyalty: 225 Augsburg: 155, 164 insecure position: 225 bishopric: 331 given a dodgy drink at his imperial Augustine of Hippo, Saint: 71, 168 coronation: 228 Austrasia, Austrasians see also Carolingian dynasty aristocracy: revolt against tax-inspector Arnulf, duke of Bavaria: 288 Parthenius: 399 Arnulf, bishop of Halberstadt: 313, 363, 368 complain about the peace between Sigebert Arthur of Brittany: 448 and Guntramn: 235 Asselt, Vikings’ camp: 231 magnate families divide the gains of assemblies: 142, 143–4, 184, 185, 193–209, 381, Frankish conquest: 244 392 Austria: 289, 393, 405 across Europe: 209–10, 454 Avars: 102 and armies: 198 and the Franks breaking up for consultations: 204 attack by the Franks: 251, 252, 253, 263, 265, and capitularies: 196, 200 266 and charters: 195 Frankish missionary activity: 264 and church councils: 201–2 ruler’s hoard plundered by Frankish kings: and colloquium familiare: 185, 204 233, 236, 265 and constitutional history: 195 sacral nature of kingship: 233 and crown-wearing: 196–7, 206 Avranches, ‘concordat’ of: 187, 189 and the ‘Marchfield’: 197, 258 Azelin, son of Baldwin of Flanders: 333 frequency: 195 Azelin, bishop of Hildesheim: 341 general assemblies vs assemblies ‘by invitation’: 198 Baaken, G.: 322, 323 and the ‘feudal revolution’: 301 Babenberger family: 452 held by people other than kings: 198, 207, Bachrach, Bernard: 258 402 Bagehot, Walter: 127 and honour and status: 393 baillages: 437, 438 issues treated: 204 Balderich, frontier commander, fails against diplomacy: 205–6 Bulgar army (827): 253 legislation: 205 Balderich, count: 142, 143, 355, 366, 367, 398 military campaigns: 204, 206 Baldwin of Flanders: 333, 386 privileges for individual beneficiaries: 205 Bali, kingdom of, and use of ritual: 131, 145, 294 settlement of disputes: 206 Baluze, Etienne: 260 and law-codes: 196 Bamberg: 384 and narrative sources: 196, 200 bishopric: 331, 335, 336, 337 participation: 198 Bamberg Apocalypse: 93 period in which the concept applies: 194–5, Bamburgh: 287 208–9 Barcelona: 207 and the ‘public’ or political community: sacked by the Franks (801): 234 207–8, 453 Bardo, bishop of Metz: 331 and regional ‘catchment areas’: 199, 207, 400 Barlow, Frank: 187, 189 and ‘secret’ meetings: 184, 204 Barraclough, Geoffrey: 6, 27, 29, 104, 389, 433, style of interaction: 199 435 as staged occasions: 201 Bartlett, Robert: 6, 29, 30, 36 terminology: 195 Basel: 404 see also charters; church councils; Basil II, Byzantine emperor: 136 historiography; privileges; ritual Basques: pay tribute to Franks: 231 Asser: 11, 140 unreliable allies to the Franks: 265 and the dating of the Life of Alfred: 11 at war with the Franks: 251 Astronomer, biographer of Louis the Pious: 247 Battle, royal abbey of: 181 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-82074-5 - Medieval Polities and Modern Mentalities Timothy Reuter Index More information 462 Index Bavaria, Bavarians: 103, 104, 207, 222, 274, 285, deposition: 335, 347 289, 364, 365, 400, 403 ‘desacralisation’ of the bishop: 369 and Arnulf: 226, 297 as instruments of royal government: 325, 337