Reimagining New York City’s Underutilized Building Stock and Infrastructure 8th Conference of the International Forum Urbanism Catherine Park Photo by Miru Kim THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE IN THE U.S. DURING 1910 ~ 1960 (Estimatd) NEW YORK CITY’S HISTORICAL POPULATION 9M - 1.4 % Loss of Population 8.4 M 1960 30% 8M 7 M +25% 25% 7M Unemployment Rate Great Depression - 10.4 % Loss of Population 1980 20% 6M 15% 5M +126.8% Growing of Population 3.4 M 10% 4M 1900 5% 3M GREAT DEPRESSION 1929 ~ 1939 0% 2M 1.5 M WORLD WAR I WORLD WAR II 1914 ~ 1918 1939 ~ 1945 1M 0 1698 1712 1723 1737 1746 1756 1771 1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2014 Data Sources: United State Census Bureau. Retrieved March 30, 2015 COTTON, WOOL GARMENT INDUSTRY ENGLAND STANDARD OIL OIL INDUSTRY CLEVELAND, OHIO U.S. STEEL STEEL INDUSTRY PITTSBURGH, PA RAW-SUGAR CANE SUGAR REFINING CARIBBEAN REGION U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE MANUFACTURING FACILITIES RAILROAD I RAILROAD II RAILROAD III RAW-MATERIAL ROUTES RAILROAD EXPANSION 1920s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation COTTON, WOOL GARMENT INDUSTRY ENGLAND STANDARD OIL OIL INDUSTRY CLEVELAND, OHIO U.S. STEEL STEEL INDUSTRY PITTSBURGH, PA RAW-SUGAR CANE SUGAR REFINING CARIBBEAN REGION U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE MANUFACTURING FACILITIES RAILROAD I RAILROAD II RAILROAD III RAW-MATERIAL ROUTES RAILROAD EXPANSION 1920s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation COTTON, WOOL GARMENT INDUSTRY ENGLAND STANDARD OIL OIL INDUSTRY CLEVELAND, OHIO U.S. STEEL STEEL INDUSTRY PITTSBURGH, PA RAW-SUGAR CANE SUGAR REFINING CARIBBEAN REGION U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE MANUFACTURING FACILITIES RAILROAD I RAILROAD II RAILROAD III RAW-MATERIAL ROUTES RAILROAD EXPANSION 1920s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation COTTON, WOOL GARMENT INDUSTRY ENGLAND STANDARD OIL OIL INDUSTRY CLEVELAND, OHIO U.S. STEEL STEEL INDUSTRY PITTSBURGH, PA RAW-SUGAR CANE SUGAR REFINING CARIBBEAN REGION U.S. REGION U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE NEW YORK STATE MANUFACTURING FACILITIES SUBURBIA RAILROAD I 3RD INTERSTATE RAILROAD II INTERSTATE HIGHWAY RAILROAD III 2ND INTERSTATE RAW-MATERIAL ROUTES RAILROAD EXPANSION 1920s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXPANSION 1950s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE SUBURBIA 3RD INTERSTATE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY 2ND INTERSTATE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXPANSION 1950s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation FREEWAY SYSTEM FREEWAY SYSTEM AUTOMIBILE AUTOMIBILE DETROIT, MICHIGAN DETROIT, MICHIGAN SUBURBIA SUBURBIA LEVITTOWN TOWN LEVITTOWN TOWN NORTHEAST CORRIDOR NASSAU, NEW YORK NORTHEAST CORRIDOR NASSAU, NEW YORK INTERSTATE 95 INTERSTATE 95 PHILADELPHIA, PA PHILADELPHIA, PA U.S. REGION U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE NEW YORK STATE SUBURBIA SUBURBIA 3RD INTERSTATE 3RD INTERSTATE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY INTERSTATE HIGHWAY 2ND INTERSTATE 2ND INTERSTATE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXPANSION 1950s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXPANSION 1950s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation FREEWAY SYSTEM FREEWAY SYSTEM AUTOMIBILE AUTOMIBILE DETROIT, MICHIGAN DETROIT, MICHIGAN SUBURBIA SUBURBIA LEVITTOWN TOWN LEVITTOWN TOWN NORTHEAST CORRIDOR NASSAU, NEW YORK NORTHEAST CORRIDOR NASSAU, NEW YORK INTERSTATE 95 INTERSTATE 95 PHILADELPHIA, PA PHILADELPHIA, PA U.S. REGION U.S. REGION NEW YORK STATE NEW YORK STATE SUBURBIA SUBURBIA 3RD INTERSTATE 3RD INTERSTATE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY INTERSTATE HIGHWAY 2ND INTERSTATE 2ND INTERSTATE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXPANSION 1950s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation INTERSTATE HIGHWAY EXPANSION 1950s Data Source : U.S. Department of Transportation 3.6% Industrial / Manufacturing 5,498 Acres High Way Road Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York 3.6% 3.6% Industrial / Manufacturing Industrial / Manufacturing 5,498 Acres 5,498 Acres 7.1% Transportation / Utility 10,907 Acres High Way Road High Way Road Industrial / Manufacturing Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Open Space Transportation / Utility Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York Source: Department of City Planning City of New York INDUSTRIAL 27% 51% Open Space Lot Area of Manhattan’s 41,466 Acres Land Area 3.6% 3.6% Industrial / Manufacturing Industrial / Manufacturing 5,498 Acres 5,498 Acres Manhattan 10,877 Acres 7.1% 7.1% Transportation / Utility Transportation / Utility 10,907 Acres 10,907 Acres High Way Road High Way Road Industrial / Manufacturing Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Open Space Transportation / Utility Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York Source: Department of City Planning City of New York INDUSTRIAL 27% 51% Open Space Lot Area of Manhattan’s 41,466 Acres Land Area 3.6% Industrial / Manufacturing 5,498 Acres Manhattan 10,877 Acres 7.1% Transportation / Utility 10,907 Acres High Way Road Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York 5.8% 5.8% Vacant Lot Vacant Lot 8,902 Acres 8,902 Acres 1.8% No Data 2,745 Acres 100% 5 Borough Land Area 153,605 Acres VACANT LOT + NO DATA Manhattan 10,877 Acres 107% of Manhattan’s High Way Road High Way Road Land Area Industrial / Manufacturing Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Open Space Transportation / Utility Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York Source: Department of City Planning City of New York 5.8% Vacant Lot 8,902 Acres 1.8% No Data 2,745 Acres 100% 5 Borough Land Area 153,605 Acres VACANT LOT + NO DATA Manhattan 10,877 Acres 107% of Manhattan’s High Way Road Land Area Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York INDUSTRIAL 51% of Manhattan’s Land Area 3.6% 5.8% Industrial / Manufacturing Vacant Lot 5,498 Acres 8,902 Acres Manhattan 10,877 Acres 1.8% 7.1% No Data Transportation / Utility 2,745 Acres 10,907 Acres 100% 5 Borough Land Area 153,605 Acres VACANT LOT + NO DATA Manhattan 10,877 Acres 107% of Manhattan’s High Way Road Land Area Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL 27% 51% 51% Open Space Lot Area of Manhattan’s of Manhattan’s 41,466 Acres Land Area Land Area 3.6% 5.8% 3.6% 5.8% Industrial / Manufacturing Vacant Lot Industrial / Manufacturing Vacant Lot 5,498 Acres 8,902 Acres 5,498 Acres 8,902 Acres Manhattan Manhattan 10,877 Acres 10,877 Acres 1.8% 1.8% 7.1% No Data 7.1% No Data Transportation / Utility 2,745 Acres Transportation / Utility 2,745 Acres 10,907 Acres 10,907 Acres 100% 100% 5 Borough Land Area 5 Borough Land Area 153,605 Acres 153,605 Acres VACANT LOT + NO DATA VACANT LOT + NO DATA Manhattan Manhattan 10,877 Acres 107% 10,877 Acres 107% of Manhattan’s of Manhattan’s High Way Road Land Area High Way Road Land Area Industrial / Manufacturing Industrial / Manufacturing Open Space Open Space Transportation / Utility Transportation / Utility Vacant Lot Vacant Lot No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs No Data Identifying Under-utilized Structure, Abandoned Lots, and dormant Infrastructure in the Five Boroughs 5 Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York Source: Department of City Planning City of New York 16 18 19 11 14 9 17 8 7 15 3 2 12 13 5 1 23 4 21 22 10 24 6 20 Unused Track Unused Track Subway (8 Track) Subway (8 Track) Subway Subway Interstate Highway Interstate Highway Transportation / Utility Transportation / Utility New York City’s Potential Repurposing of Selected Underutilized Resources Abandoned Space New York City’s Potential Repurposing of Selected Underutilized Resources Abandoned Space 5 Boroughs 5 Boroughs Source: Department of City Planning City of New York, Abandoned NYC, New York MTA Source: Department of City Planning City of New York, Abandoned NYC, New York MTA 16 18 19 11 14 9 17 8 7 15 3 2 12 13 5 1 23 4 21 22 10 24 6 20 Unused Track Subway (8 Track) Subway Interstate Highway Transportation / Utility New York City’s Potential