National Building Energy Efficiency Study for Kosovo Final Report National Building Energy Efficiency Study for Kosovo 10 February 2013 Final Report - February 27, 2013 1 National Building Energy Efficiency Study for Kosovo Final Report - February 27, 2013 2 National Building Energy Efficiency Study for Kosovo TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................1 1.1 Project Background ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Summary of Key Findings ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 15 2.1 The Energy Sector of Kosovo ................................................................................................................................ 15 2.2 Energy Efficiency in Kosovo .................................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 The National Building Energy Efficiency Study ............................................................................................ 16 3 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY ....................................................................................................... 17 3.1 The Socio-Economic Environment ..................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 Development of the Building Stock of Kosovo .............................................................................................. 18 3.3 The Energy Sector of Kosovo ................................................................................................................................ 20 4 INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .............................................................................. 29 4.1 The Energy Community Treaty and EU Directives ...................................................................................... 29 4.1 The Legal Framework in Kosovo ......................................................................................................................... 29 5 SUMMARY OF THE KEEAP 2010–2018 AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE BUILDING STOCK OF KOSOVO ............................................................................................................................. 33 5.1 General EE Targets in the KEEAP ........................................................................................................................ 33 6 DATA SOURCES .................................................................................................................................... 36 6.1 Sources of Data ............................................................................................................................................................ 36 6.2 Data Gaps ....................................................................................................................................................................... 37 6.3 Primary Data (WTAs) ............................................................................................................................................... 37 6.4 Secondary Data ............................................................................................................................................................ 38 7 ENERGY AUDITS .................................................................................................................................. 39 7.1 Theory and Principles .............................................................................................................................................. 39 7.2 Size and Selection of Samples ............................................................................................................................... 39 7.3 The Energy Audit Process ....................................................................................................................................... 41 7.4 The Audit Report ........................................................................................................................................................ 42 7.5 Calculating Actual Specific Energy Consumption ......................................................................................... 42 7.6 Calculating Baseline Specific Energy Consumption .................................................................................... 45 7.7 Energy Efficiency Measures introduced in Building Stock ...................................................................... 47 7.8 Turnkey Investment Values for each of the Energy Efficiency Measures introduced ................. 48 7.9 Calculating Specific Energy Efficiency Consumption and Energy Savings........................................ 49 7.10 Cost Benefit Analysis of Energy Efficiency Measures ................................................................................. 53 8 OUTLINE METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................... 56 8.1 General Assumptions ................................................................................................................................................ 56 8.2 Categories and Definitions ..................................................................................................................................... 56 8.3 Data Collection ............................................................................................................................................................. 58 8.4 Extrapolation ................................................................................................................................................................ 60 9 THE BASE YEAR (2010) .................................................................................................................... 61 9.1 The Existing Building Stock ................................................................................................................................... 61 9.2 Base Year Energy Consumption ........................................................................................................................... 63 9.3 The Energy Efficiency Market in Kosovo ......................................................................................................... 66 9.4 Energy Efficiency Projects in Kosovo ................................................................................................................ 71 10 POTENTIAL FOR EE MEASURES ..................................................................................................... 74 10.1 Building Stock Projections...................................................................................................................................... 74 10.2 Forecast Energy Demand ........................................................................................................................................ 78 10.3 Calculation of Energy Savings ............................................................................................................................... 84 Final Report - February 27, 2013 i National Building Energy Efficiency Study for Kosovo 11 BARRIERS TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES, REMEDIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES .......................................................................................... 114 11.1 Barriers to Energy Efficiency ............................................................................................................................. 114 11.2 Residential and Commercial Sector Matrix.................................................................................................. 116 11.3 Public Sector Matrix ............................................................................................................................................... 117 11.4 Cross-Sector Matrix ................................................................................................................................................ 118 11.5 Residential and Commercial Sector Matrix.................................................................................................. 119 11.6 Public Sector Matrix ............................................................................................................................................... 123 11.7 Cross Sector Matrix ................................................................................................................................................. 126 12 DRIVERS FOR ENHANCED EE PROGRAMS ............................................................................... 131 12.1 Estimated energy savings potential ................................................................................................................ 131 12.2 Other benefits ............................................................................................................................................................ 131 13 REMOVING THE BARRIERS .........................................................................................................