PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(2): 1319-1326 ISSN: 00333077 Relationship between the Ethnom "Sir" and the Syrdarya Hydronym in Orkhun Writing Nasriddin Nazarov1 1Professor of the Tashkent Institute of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Doctor of Philosophy, Doctor of Political Sciences Abstract: Throughout historical development, many toponyms have been associated with ethnonyms. Today's social reality requires a realistic approach to historical values. Key words: development, Human civilization, construction, Orkhon inscription. Article Received: 16th October, 2020; Article Revised: 30th December, 2020; Article Accepted: 08th January, 2021 Today's social reality requires a realistic attention as an object of study of history, approach to historical values. Indeed, the as it is a monument of ancient Turkish right approach not only serves to create history, a collection of information about opportunities for the optimal development the traditions of statehood, common to all of historical thinking in society, but also Turkic nations today »[1; 874]. ensures that objects and events are called Throughout historical development, many in real terms. Because even today, most of toponyms have been associated with the concepts in scientific circulation were ethnonyms. In particular, the names of created by scholars who represent and places in the area where a representative of propagate the essence of the ideology of an ethnos lives or resides, and the the former Soviet Union, whose activities mountains, hills, streams, pastures, were aimed at denying the role of the springs, wells, etc. associated with that Turks in socio-historical development. The area or ethnos. names are common. Turkish khanate and the Turkish empires, Therefore, it is close to the truth that the which ensured the development of human Syrdarya hydronym is related to the mystic civilization, were called barbarians by the ethnonym found in the Orkhon inscription ideological propagandists of the former (Tonyukuk inscription). We turn to system and tried to deny the Turkish historical data to prove our point. essence of historical monuments, buildings It is known that in 605 AD, the Syr tribes and values. This process lasted for almost in the Eastern Tien Shan (Seyanto in a hundred years, and even today some Chinese sources) revolted against the Turkic values have not received their due Western Turkic Khanate, broke away from recognition as ethnonyms, hydronyms, the Khanate, left the region, and managed toponyms, polytonyms. Based on the to establish their own state under the above considerations, the connection of the leadership of the Hakan's brother Shad. mystic ethnonym expressed in the Orkhon We have already mentioned about the inscription, in particular in the Tonyukuk mysteries (seyanto), this ethnonym is inscription, with the Syrdarya hydronym is found not only in the Turks, but also in the studied. Ma'umki, «Turkish runic Orkhon inscriptions. “The ancient Turkish inscriptions, especially the Orkhon name of the Kipchaks was‘ sir ’, which is inscriptions, not only contain a chronology also mentioned in runic inscriptions of the of historical events, but also require VI-VIII centuries. In Chinese sources of www.psychologyandeducation.net 1319 PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(2): 1319-1326 ISSN: 00333077 the IV-VIII centuries it is found under the of two years of armed struggle, the second ethnonym "se", then "seyanto" (in the V Turkish khanate was founded in 681. This century, the mysteries defeated the Yamtar khanate was also weakened by the or Yanto tribes and incorporated them into Uyghur-led alliance of nine Oghuz tribes their composition). Mysteries (seyanto) in 687-691, 714-715, and 723-724, and in later became known as Kipchaks ”[2; 5]. 744 the second Turkish khanate was So, the Sir tribe, led by shad, moved to abolished. The defeated mysteries escape Hangai and rebuilt their settlement in from the Tola and Orkhon basins to the Otyuken in 619. In 628, the struggle of the northern Altai and eastern Tien Shan.Thus, Eastern tribes against the Elkhanids, led by “Mysteries last appeared in the sources in the Syr and Uyghur tribes, culminated. 735, disappeared from the stage of history Hakan leaves Otyuken to the attacking as an ethnonym, and began to appear under tribes and flees to the southern part of the another name - Kipchak. And this is the Hakan himself. Taking advantage of this end of the history of mysteries (seyanto) disintegration of the Oghuz, that is, the ”[4; 122]. However, the fall of one Turkic tribes, the Tang (Chinese) emperor ethnonym from the social lexicon in socio- Taitsun defeated the Elkhan army and in historical processes does not mean the 630 succeeded in overthrowing the eastern complete abolition of this ethnic layer, but Turkic khanate. After the abolition of the rather the emergence of another ethnonym unified khanate, a dispute broke out on the stage of history. Indeed, as noted between the Sir and the Uyghurs in above, the processes of ethnic Hangai, culminating in the victory of the transformation are clearly observed in the Sir. Thus, in northern Mongolia, the power historical development of mankind in of the mysteries under the leadership of ancient times, the early Middle Ages and Elterish Hakan came to the stage of the Middle Ages. history. The Hakan occupied the area from “Regarding the mysteries (seyanto), it can the Altai to the Xing, covering the area be added that the Chinese chronicles, from the upper basin of the Yenisei to the especially the Tanshu testimony, say that Gobi. It was subject to the khanate as far the seyanto, i.e. the mysteries, were strong as the northern bank of the Tola River. among the Tele tribes, who were similar in Administratively, the new khanate was their fighting methods to the ancient divided into western and eastern wings like Turks. In Srostkin's archeological culture, the old Turkish khanate. In 641, a fierce the burial rites of the mysteries were battle took place between the Sir Jiyanchu considered peculiar to the Kipchaks. In Bilge Hakan and the deceased Turkish particular, the burial of corpses on their Hakan, the Elkhanid troops stationed by own horses was found in the ancient China. In 646, the Nine-Oghuz tribes, led Turks, then in seyanto, ie in mysteries, and by the Uyghurs, began a war against the then in the IX-XII centuries at the funerals Mysteries. And they ask China for help of Kipchaks "[2; 5]. Hence, the mysteries and overcome the mysteries together. The of the Turkish khanate were known in the secret kingdom, which had been active on Middle Ages as Kipchaks in the Eurasian the stage of history from 630 to 646, will expanses. be abolished. Attempts by the Mysteries to That is, the "mysteries" of the Turkish regain their power were suppressed in 668 khanate continue to operate under the by China. Thus, the mysteries remain Kipchak ethnonym as a result of ethnic dependent on China, along with their own transformation. “Ethnic transformation blood relatives, who have been at war with also plays an important role in the each other for decades. And in 679, the Sir formation and development of ethnos in and other dependent tribes of the Turks ethno-historical processes. Ethnic revolted against Chinese rule. As a result transformation is the adaptation of old www.psychologyandeducation.net 1320 PSYCHOLOGY AND EDUCATION (2021) 58(2): 1319-1326 ISSN: 00333077 ethnoses to the new socio-cultural and early thirteenth centuries used Kangli conditions, assimilation of ino-ethnic and Kipchak as synonyms (according to features into the structure of their culture, Juwayni, Muhammad Khorezmshah's and their establishment as a new ethnic mother was from Kangli, and other sources unit on the ethno-social and ethnocultural call her Kipchak ”[7; 348], - he says. stage ”[5; 58-59]. It should also be noted Hence, the nature of the leadership of here that in the process of transformation, ethnonyms has changed, depending on the ino-ethnic culture may or may not be ethnic group to which the leader of the absorbed. Furthermore, if this tariff is nation belongs, as required by historical applied to mysteries, they are defeated by circumstances. competing with the Toguz-Oguzs, whose In general, the process of historical historical formation is integral, and are formation of the ancient Turks was used by Kipchak ethnonym competitors as common, and although they sometimes discrimination against mysteries, and then competed for power, the fact that they the mysteries themselves accept this belonged to a unified Turkish unity discrimination as ethnonyms, but in sometimes ensured their pursuit of a historical thinking it is also true that it has common goal. "Turk Bilga Hakan is been preserved. educating the Turkish secret people, the The fact that the Sir-Kipchaks are Oghuz people" [8; 79], - says, in written mentioned in the sources as Turks and that sources. Here the Sir and the Oghuz are the north-eastern latitude Kipchak steppe mentioned as a people close to the Turks. (Dashti Kipchak) inhabited by all Turkic It is known from historical fact that later peoples is an objective situation in the eastern-northeastern latitudes of historical processes and serves to Eurasia were sealed in historical sources as complement each other. In this regard, the the Kipchak steppe (Dashti Kipchak). famous Turkologist S. Klyashtornyy: "By “Kazakhstan is the historical homeland of the Turkic-Kipchaks we can understand the Kipchaks. Here they founded their that at that time the leading clan of the state - the Kipchak Khanate, formed the Kipchaks ruled" [6; 162], - he says. Of ethnic territory of the Kipchaks in the XI- course, a braver leader serves to elevate XIII centuries, which was later recognized the social status of the nation to which he as the ethnic territory of the Kazakh people belongs. That is why the history of nations "[9; 23].