Shaping the Bible in the Reformation Library of the Written Word VOLUME 20 The Handpress World Editor-in-Chief Andrew Pettegree University of St Andrews Editorial Board Ann Blair Harvard University Falk Eisermann Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz Angela Nuovo University of Udine Michael F. Suarez, S.J. University of Virginia VOLUME 14 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.nl/lww Shaping the Bible in the Reformation Books, Scholars and Their Readers in the Sixteenth Century Edited by Bruce Gordon Matthew McLean LEIDEN • BOSTON 2012 Cover illustration: Detail from the title page of the 1543 Biblia Sacrosancta, courtesy of the Department of Special Collections, University of St Andrews Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Shaping the Bible in the Reformation : books, scholars, and their readers in the sixteenth century / edited by Bruce Gordon, Matthew McLean. p. cm. -- (Library of the written word ; v. 20) (The handpress world ; v. 14) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-22947-1 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Bible--History--16th century. 2. Bible--Criticism, interpretation, etc.--History--16th century. 3. Bible--History--17th century. 4. Bible--Criticism, interpretation, etc.--History--17th century. I. Gordon, Bruce, 1962- II. McLean, Matthew (Matthew Adam), 1975- BS445.S37 2012 220.09’031--dc23 2012009441 This publication has been typeset in the multilingual "Brill" typeface. With over 5,100 characters covering Latin, IPA, Greek, and Cyrillic, this typeface is especially suitable for use in the humanities. For more information, please see www.brill.nl/brill-typeface. ISSN 1874-4834 ISBN 978 90 04 22947 1 (hardback) ISBN 978 90 04 22950 1 (e-book) Copyright 2012 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers and Martinus Nijhofff Publishers. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Acknowledgements .................................................................................................vii List of Illustrations ....................................................................................................ix Notes on Contributors .............................................................................................xi Introduction .................................................................................................................1 Matthew McLean Instructing the Soul, Feeding the Spirit and Awakening the Passion: Holy Writ and Lay Readers in Medieval Europe .........................15 Sabrina Corbellini Illustrations in Early Printed Latin Bibles in the Low Countries (1477–1553) .........................................................................................41 August den Hollander The Strange Career of the Biblia Rabbinica among Christian Hebraists, 1517–1620 ............................................................................................63 Stephen G. Burnett Hermeneutics and Exegesis in the Early Eucharistic Controversy .............85 Amy Nelson Burnett ‘Christo testimonium reddunt omnes scripturae’: Theodor Bibliander’s Oration on Isaiah (1532) and Commentary on Nahum (1534) ............................................................................................... 107 Bruce Gordon Moses, Plato and Flavius Josephus. Castellio’s Conceptions of Sacred and Profane in his Latin Versions of the Bible ............................ 143 Irena Backus Latin Bible Translations in the Protestant Reformation: Historical Contexts, Philological Justifijication, and the Impact of Classical Rhetoric on the Conception of Translation Methods .............................167 Josef Eskhult vi contents Global Calvinism: The Maps in the English Geneva Bible ......................... 187 Justine Walden “Epitome of the Old Testament, Mirror of God’s Grace, and Complete Anatomy of Man”: Immanuel Tremellius and the Psalms ............................................................................................................217 Kenneth Austin Augustine and the Golden Age of Biblical Scholarship in Louvain (1550–1650) .........................................................................................235 Wim François Looking Backwards: The Protestant Latin Bible in the Eyes of Johannes Piscator and Abraham Calov ........................................ 291 Mark W. Elliott Index ..........................................................................................................................303 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are extremely grateful for the generous support of the Arts and Humanities Research Council of the United Kingdom. In St Andrews the workshop was supported by the School of History and hosted by the St Andrews Reformation Studies Institute. We would like to thank Professor Andrew Pettegree, Head of School, and Dr Bridget Heal, the Director of the Institute. My colleague in the Latin Bible Project, Matthew McLean, took the lead in the organizing and running of our highly successful and stimulating Workshop. He has also largely shouldered the editing of the papers for this volume. I am delighted to acknowledge his outstanding work. Bruce Gordon LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS August den Hollander 1. Psalter, Henrick Eckert van Homberch, Antwerp, 1500, fol r8v (repr. from Brussels, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, BR: A 2106) ....................45 2. Epistles and Gospels (Dutch), Peter Os van Breda, Zwolle, 1488, fol a1r (repr. from The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, KB: 171 G 97) .......................................................................................................47 3. Epistles and Gospels (Dutch), Peter Os van Breda, Zwolle, 1488, fol d7r (repr. from The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, KB: 171 G 97) .......................................................................................................48 4. Epistles and Gospels (Latin), Peter Os van Breda, Zwolle, 1488, fol a1r (repr. from The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, KB: 171 G 92) .......................................................................................................50 5. New Testament, Michiel Hillen van Hoochstraten, Antwerp, 1525, fol a2r (repr. from The Hague, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, KB: 229 G 36) .......................................................................................................51 6 and 7. Bible, Jean Thibault for Frans Birckman, Antwerp, 1526, h8v and I3r (repr. from Amsterdam, Bijzondere Collecties, Universiteit van Amsterdam, UB: Ned.Inc. 606) .........................52 and 53 8. New Testament, Gulielmus Montanus, Antwerp, 1538, fol A1r (repr. from Brussels, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, BR LP 4173 A) ...............55 9. New Testament, Gulielmus Montanus, Antwerp, 1538, fol Y7v (repr. from Brussels, Koninklijke Bibliotheek, BR LP 4173 A) ...............56 10. New Testament, Gulielmus Montanus, Antwerp, 1538, fol c5r (repr. From Gent, Universiteitsbibliotheek, Acc. 16031) .........................57 11. New Testament, Johan Hillen, Antwerp, 1543, fol M6r (repr. from Amsterdam, Bijzondere Collecties, Universiteit van Amsterdam, UB 1145 H 40) ......................................................................................................59 12. New Testament, Jan Batman, Antwerp, 1545, fol E8v (repr. from Amsterdam, Universiteitsbibliotheek Vrije Universiteit, BVU XC 06339) ...................................................................................................60 x list of illustrations Justine Walden 1. Map of Exodus from the Geneva Bible 1560, Huntingdon Library (EEBO, STC (2nd Ed./ 2093.) ......................................................... 196 2. Emblematic Frontispiece from the Geneva Bible 1560, Huntingdon Library (EEBO, STC (2nd Ed./ 2093.) .................................197 3. Map of Eden from the Geneva Bible 1560, Huntingdon Library (EEBO, STC (2nd Ed./ 2093.) .........................................................200 4. Map of Canaan from the Geneva Bible 1560, Huntingdon Library (EEBO, STC (2nd Ed./ 2093.) .........................................................202 5. Map of the Holy Land from the Geneva Bible 1560, Huntingdon Library (EEBO, STC (2nd Ed./ 2093.) .................................204 6. Map of Paul’s travels from the Geneva Bible 1560, Huntingdon Library (EEBO, STC (2nd Ed./ 2093.) .................................205 Wim François 1. Biblia sacra. Quid in hac editione a theologis Lovaniensibus praestitum sit […], ed. Franciscus Lucas ‘of Bruges’, Christopher Plantin, Antwerp, 1583 ...................................................................................242 2. Cornelius Jansenius ‘of Ghent’, Concordia evangelica […], Bartholomew van Grave, Louvain, 1549 .....................................................251 3. Guilielmus Estius, Absolutissima in omnes beati Pauli et septem catholicas apostolorum epistolas commentaria, ed. Jacob Merlo Horstius, Peter Henning, Cologne, 1631 ....................................................265