Subaltern Narratives: A Critical Stance Editors Dr K Ravichandran Dr C Anita EMERALD PUBLISHERS Subaltern Narratives: A Critical Stance Editors Dr. K. Ravichandran Dr C Anita © Emerald Publishers, 2018 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography, or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission of the copyright holder. Published by Olivannan Gopalakrishnan Emerald Publishers 15A, First Floor, Casa Major Road Egmore, Chennai – 600 008. : +91 44 28193206, 42146994 : [email protected] : www.emeraldpublishers.com Price : ` 00 ISBN : 978-8xxxxxxxxx Printed at xxxxxxx Contents 1. Realization A Critical Analysis of Amiri Baraka’s Slave - Ship 1 2. Race and Racism in Chimamanda Ngozi’s Americanah 5 3. Science and Philosophy in The Calcutta Chromosomes 9 4. Suppression and Caste Feud in Bama’s Karukku 13 5. Patriarchy and Feministic views in Jaishree Misra’s Ancient Promises 18 6. Black Feminism in Toni Morrison’s Sula 24 7. Mother –Daughter Relationship as a Key Note of Jamaica Kincaid’s Lucy 28 8. Gender Discrimination 31 9. Postcolonial literature: Dynamics of Diaspora 34 10. Social Conditions of Africans in Petals of Blood 41 11. Cinder: The Fantasy of Young Adult 45 12. Narrating Childhood in Aravind Malagatti’s Government Brahmana: From a Subaltern Perspectives 47 13. Feminism in Shashi Deshpane’s Novels 58 14. Rxxxxxxxxxxx 61 15. A study of Neo Hoo –Doo Philosophy in Ishmael Reed’s Mumbo Jumbo 66 16. Self- Confi nment of Masha in Chekhov’s Three Sisters 69 17. Portrayal of Gandhian Philosophy in R.K.Narayan’s Waiting for Mahatma 75 18. Portrayal of Feministic Issues in Sefi Atta’s Everything Good Will Come 77 19. Pressure on Women in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s Arranged Marriage 80 20. Portrayal of Identity and Loyalty in the Select Novels of Curtis Sittenfeld 83 21. Feminist Writing 87 22. Socio – Religious Reforms and Subalternity 90 23. A Study of Marginality in Doris Lessing’s The Grass is Singing 93 24. The Destruction of Identity in Toni Morrison’s Beloved 97 25. Gender Discrimination in Shashi Deshpande’s The Dark Holds No Terror 100 26. Men and Women relationship in Anita Nair’s Ladies Coupe 104 27. Alienation of an Individual in Yann Martel’s Self 107 28. Scattered Lives: An Analysis in Martha Southgate’s Third Girl from the Left 112 29. Voicing Her Stories: An Appraisal of Pearl Cleage’s A Song for Coretta 117 30. Domestic Violence and Aboriginal Women: An Analysis of Marie Clements’ Now Look What You Made Me Do 124 31. A Study of Ethnicity and Racism in Toni Morrison’s The Song of Solomon 129 32. Evocative Domestic Violence in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus 138 33. Women’s avarice in Saki’s Mrs. Packletide’s Tiger 143 34. Gender Inequality in The Taming Of The Shrew By Shakespeare 147 35 Expatriate as the Subaltern in V.S.Naipaul’s A House for Mr.Biswas 150 36. Confrontation of Racial Pride Between The White And The Black People In The Telephonic Conversation By Wole Soyinka 155 37. Silent Sufferings of women through their life time 160 38. Subaltern Literatures as Regressive Genre 164 39. Analysis on Growth of Black literature 168 40. The Subjugated Speaks : A Critical Reflection of Mahesh Dattani 170 41. Relocating Subalternity: Changing Confi gurations 173 42. My Place : Life sketch of an Aboriginal Résistante 177 43. Ambedkarism, and the Question of Aesthetics in Dalit Literature 185 44. Liberalization of women in Sudha Murthy’s Gently Falls the Bakula 193 45. Trope of Marginalization in Indian Society: A Study of Mahesh Dattani’s “Tara” 196 46. Female Excruciation in Bapsi Sidhwa’s The Pakistani Bride 201 47. Gender Discrimination 205 48. Thought of Existentialist Feminism in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s The Palace of Illusions 210 49. Poverty in Vikas Swarup‘s Q&A 215 50. Delineation of Dalit Women: A comparative study of selected Dalit Men and Women Life writings 219 51. Critical Analysis of Race and Religion in the Novel Chinua Achebe’s Arrow of God’ 225 52. Lakshmi Kannan as a Feminist: A Reading of Her Novel Going Home 229 53. Role of Socio Religious Reform Movement for the Social Unity Of India 233 54. Womens’s Struggle for Freedom with reference to Bapsi Sidhura’s The Pakistani Bride 239 55. Cultural Subalternity in the famous play “ The Lion and the Jewel” 242 56. Cultural Conflict in Wole Soyinka’s Play The Lion and the Jewel 248 57. Gender Discrimination in Lorna Landvik’s Angry Housewives Eating Bon Bons 253 58. Social Violence in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road 257 59. Scripting of Subaltern Women’s Agency in Viramma life of an untouchable 260 60. Cultural Subalternity in Bharati Mukherjee’s The Desirable Daughters 266 61. Caste Hierarchy and Marginality 269 62. Voices of he Polluted Touch AND The Wounded Animals In David Davidar’s The House Of Blue Mangoes 274 63. A Psychological Exploration of Human Psyche In Anita Nair’s The Better Man 276 64. The Voice of Subaltern and Perceptability in Rohinton Mistry’s A Fine Balance 280 65. Cultural Subordination and Conventions in Githa Hariharan’s The Thousand Faces of Night 283 66. Caste Domination and Social Discrimination in Bama’s Karukku 286 67. Feminist writings in indian novels 298 68. Racial Exploration in Alice Walker’s The Way Forward is with a Broken Heart 304 69. Darkest Voice for Women Right from The Darkest Child 308 70. A scrutiny on the Gender Discrimination and Its Collision on the Selected Protagonists of Sashi Deshpande 311 71. Tribal Literature 320 72. A Study on Non-Human’s Feelings & Emotions In The Works of Poet Victoria White’s Elephant Grave And Aimee’s Aanabhrandhanmar 324 73. Self-Identity of Women in Anita Nair’s Mistress 327 74. Negotiating the Invisible issues in Mahesh Dattani’s Seven Steps Around the Fire 330 75. A critical study of Feminism in the novel, “That Long Silence” by Shashi Deshpande 337 76. An Oppressed Womenhood in Kamala Das Poetry 324 77. Feminism in Black Literature: A study of Calixthe Beyala’s “Your name shall be Tanga” 349 78. Identity Crisis and Cultural Displacement in V. S. Naipaul’s The Mimic Men 354 79. Feminist Writings 358 80. In Visible Pain of Black Women in as a study of Alice Walker’s The Colour Purple and toni morrison’s The Bluest Eye 368 81. Focuses on Social Media for the Perspective of Subaltern Through the Movies 371 82. “No Room of Her Own”: Astha in Manju Kapoor’s Novel A Married Woman 375 83 Thol Thirumaavalavan’s Uproot Hindutva: A Subaltern Study 379 84. The Subaltern Experience of Untouchables in Rohinton Mistry’s A Fine Balance 387 85. Caste Discrimination in Bama’s “Karukku” 392 86. Renaissance of Tech Titans in Artifi cial Intelligence 397 87. Caste Hierarchy, Marginality and Subalternity in Rohinton Mistry’s A Fine Balance 404 88. Silent Sufferings of women through their life time 410 89. Thol. Thirumaavalavan’s Uproot Hindutva: A Subaltern Study 414 90. Subaltern Literatures as Regressive Genre 421 91. Fading Voices and Fettered Emotions: A Scrutiny of Subaltern Way of Living and The Wait for A Breakthrough in Rabindranath Tagore’s Chandalika 425 92. Gender Discriminational Sufferings Faced By Women in Present Scenario 429 93. Portrayal of Black Women in A Raisin in the Sun 432 94. Gender Inequality In Mahesh Dattani’s Tara 440 95. Feminist Trauma within a Patriarchal Structure with reference to Manjukapur’s A Married Woman 446 96. Gender Differentiation in One Indian Girl By Chetan Bhagat 452 Preface The term ‘elite’ has been used in this statement to denote the dominant groups, foreign as well as indigenous. The dominant foreign groups included all the non-Indian, that is, the colonial state and foreign industrialists, merchants, fi nanciers, planters, landlords and missionaries. The dominant indigenous groups included classes and interests operating at two levels. At the all- India level, they included the biggest feudal magnates, the most signifi cant representatives of the industrial and mercantile bourgeoisie and native recruits to the uppermost levels of the bureaucracy. The dominant group creates many ambiguities and contradictions in attitudes and alliances, especially among the lowest strata of the rural gentry, impoverished landlords, rich peasants and upper-middle peasants all of whom belonged, ideally speaking, to the category of ‘people’ or ‘subaltern classes’, as defi ned below. It is the task of research to investigate, identify and measure the specifi c nature and degree of the deviation of these elements from the ideal and situate it historically. The terms ‘people’ and ‘subaltern classes’ have been synonymously used. The social groups and elements included in this category represent the demographic difference between the total Indian population and all those whom we have described as the ‘elite’. Some of these classes and groups such as the lesser rural gentry, impoverished landlords, rich peasants and upper-middle peasants who ‘naturally’ ranked among the ‘people’ and the ‘subaltern’, could under certain circumstances act for the elite’, as explained above, and therefore be classifi ed as such in some local or regional situations— an ambiguity which it is up to the historian to sort out on the basis of a close and judicious reading of his evidence. The present book, Subaltern Narratives: A Critical Stance, is an academic venture to elucidate diverse formulations on subaltern themes in the literary works of representative writers. The subaltern castes have been made to internalize the ideology of caste system through countless tales of classical Indian literature and mythology.