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PDF generated at: Fri, 20 Jan 2012 15:32:26 UTC Contents Articles Hergé 1 Hergé 1 The Adventures of Tintin 11 The Adventures of Tintin 11 Tintin in the Land of the Soviets 30 Tintin in the Congo 37 Tintin in America 44 Cigars of the Pharaoh 47 The Blue Lotus 53 The Broken Ear 58 The Black Island 63 King Ottokar's Sceptre 68 The Crab with the Golden Claws 73 The Shooting Star 76 The Secret of the Unicorn 80 Red Rackham's Treasure 85 The Seven Crystal Balls 90 Prisoners of the Sun 94 Land of Black Gold 97 Destination Moon 102 Explorers on the Moon 105 The Calculus Affair 110 The Red Sea Sharks 114 Tintin in Tibet 118 The Castafiore Emerald 124 Flight 714 126 Tintin and the Picaros 129 Tintin and Alph-Art 132 Publications of Tintin 137 Le Petit Vingtième 137 Le Soir 140 Tintin magazine 141 Casterman 146 Methuen Publishing 147 Tintin characters 150 List of characters 150 Captain Haddock 170 Professor Calculus 173 Thomson and Thompson 177 Rastapopoulos 180 Bianca Castafiore 182 Chang Chong-Chen 184 Nestor 187 Locations in Tintin 188 Settings in The Adventures of Tintin 188 Borduria 192 Bordurian 194 Marlinspike Hall 196 San Theodoros 198 Syldavia 202 Syldavian 207 Tintin in other media 212 Tintin books, films, and media 212 Tintin on postage stamps 216 Tintin coins 217 Books featuring Tintin 218 Tintin's Travel Diaries 218 Tintin television series 219 Hergé's Adventures of Tintin 219 The Adventures of Tintin 222 Tintin films 233 The Crab with the Golden Claws 233 Tintin and the Golden Fleece 234 Tintin and the Blue Oranges 237 Tintin and the Temple of the Sun 240 Tintin and the Lake of Sharks 241 The Adventures of Tintin: Secret of the Unicorn 244 Tintin videogames 256 Tintin on the Moon 256 Tintin in Tibet 257 Prisoners of the Sun 258 Tintin: Destination Adventure 259 The Adventures of Tintin: The Game 260 Tintin musicals 262 Kuifje – De Zonnetempel 262 Tintin – Le Temple du Soleil 269 Other comics by Hergé 273 Totor 273 Quick & Flupke 275 Popol out West 279 Jo, Zette and Jocko 280 Minor comics by Hergé 283 Collaborators 286 Studios Hergé 286 Fanny Rodwell 290 Bob de Moor 291 Edgar P. Jacobs 293 Jacques Martin 296 Greg 298 Roger Leloup 302 Josette Baujot 304 Jacques Van Melkebeke 305 Biographers 306 Philippe Goddin 306 Michael Farr 306 Benoît Peeters 308 Numa Sadoul 309 List of books about Tintin 310 Tintin and the World of Hergé 311 Documentaries 312 I, Tintin 312 Tintin et moi 313 Miscellaneous 315 Le Thermozéro 315 Ideology of Tintin 316 Hergé Foundation 322 Parodies 323 Ligne claire 325 Jean-Pierre Talbot 328 Frederic Tuten 329 Norbert Wallez 333 Asteroids 334 1652 Hergé 334 1683 Castafiore 335 References Article Sources and Contributors 337 Image Sources, Licenses and Contributors 344 Article Licenses License 346 1 Hergé Hergé Hergé Born Georges Prosper Remi 22 May 1907 Etterbeek, Belgium Died 3 March 1983 (aged 75) Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium Nationality Belgian Area(s) Cartoonist, Writer, Artist Pseudonym(s) Hergé Notable works The Adventures of Tintin Jo, Zette and Jocko Quick & Flupke Awards full list Signature [1] Official website Georges Prosper Remi (22 May 1907 – 3 March 1983), better known by the pen name Hergé, was a Belgian comics writer and artist. His best known and most substantial work is the 23 completed comic books in The Adventures of Tintin series, which he wrote and illustrated from 1929 until his death in 1983, although he was also responsible for other well known comic book series such as Quick & Flupke (1930–1940) and Jo, Zette and Jocko (1936–1957). Born into a middle-class family in Etterbeek, Brussels, he took a keen interest in Scouting in early life, something that would prove highly influential on his later work. Initially producing illustrations for Belgian Scouting magazines, in 1927 he began working for the conservative wing newspaper Le XXe Siècle, where he adopted the pen name "Hergé" [ɛʁʒe], based upon the French pronunciation of "RG", his initials reversed. It was here, in 1929, that he began serialising the first of the Adventures of Tintin, Tintin in the Land of the Soviets. The notable qualities of the Tintin stories include their vivid humanism, a realistic feel produced by meticulous and wide ranging research, and Hergé's ligne claire drawing style. Adult readers enjoy the many satirical references to the history and politics of the 20th century. The Blue Lotus, for example, was inspired by the Mukden incident that led to the Chinese-Japanese War of 1934. King Ottokar's Sceptre could be read against the background of Hitler's Anschluss or in the context of the struggle between the Romanian Iron Guard and the King of Romania, Carol II; whilst later albums such as The Calculus Affair depict the Cold War. Hergé has become one of the most famous Belgians worldwide and Tintin is still an international success. Hergé is a prominent national hero in his native country, to the extent where he has been described as the actual "personification of Belgium".[2] The long-awaited Hergé Museum was opened in Louvain-La-Neuve on 2 June 2009. Hergé 2 Designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Christian de Portzamparc, the museum reflects Hergé's huge corpus of work which has, until now, been sitting in studios and bank vaults.[3] His work remains a strong influence on comics, particularly in Europe. He was inducted into the Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2003. Life and career Childhood: 1907–1924 Georges Prosper Remi was born on 22 May 1907 in Etterbeek, Brussels, a central area in the capital city of Belgium, to middle class parents; his father, the Wallonian Alexis Remi, worked in a candy factory, whilst his mother, the Flemish Elisabeth Dufour, was a homemaker.[4] His primary language was his father's French, but growing up in the bilingual Brussels, he also learned how to speak Flemish, developing a Marollien accent from his maternal grandmother.[4] Like the majority of Belgians at that time, his family belonged to the Roman Catholic Church, though they were not particularly devout.[4] Etterbeek, the largely middle-class area of Brussels where Hergé was born and raised. He would later characterise his life in Etterbeek as being dominated by a monochrome gray, and would always remember it as having been extremely boring.[5] Trying to escape this boredom, the young Remi immersed himself in literature, in particular enjoying the novels of British and American authors, such as Huckleberry Finn, Treasure Island, Robinson Crusoe and The Pickwick Papers. Despite this preference for Anglophone works, he also read a number of French novels, such as General Dourakine, Twenty Years After and The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later.[6] He took to drawing as a hobby, sketching out stories and scenes from his daily life along the edges of his school books. Some of these illustrations were of German soldiers, because his four years of primary schooling coincided with World War I (1914–1918), during which Brussels was occupied by the German Empire.[7] It was in these early years that Remi also developed a love of cinema, particularly favouring Windsor McCay's pioneering animated film Gertie the Dinosaur and the films featuring Charlie Chaplin, Harry Langdon and Buster Keaton; his later work in the comic strip medium would display an obvious influence from these early films in style and content.[8] In 1920 his secondary education began at Saint-Boniface School, an institution controlled by the archbishop where the teachers were Roman Catholic priests.[8][9] Georges joined the Boy Scouts troop of the school, where he was given the totemic name "Renard curieux" (Curious fox). In 2007, an old "strip" by Hergé was found on a wall of the school.[10] His first drawings were published in 1922 in Jamais assez, the school's Scout paper, and in Le Boy-Scout Belge, the Scout monthly magazine.[11] From 1924, he signed his illustrations using the pseudonym "Hergé".[12] His subsequent comicbook work would be heavily influenced by the ethics of the Scouting movement, as well as his early travel experiences with the scouting association.[13] Totor and early work: 1925–1928 On finishing school in 1925, Georges worked at the Catholic newspaper Le XXe Siècle under editor and Catholic priest, Norbert Wallez.[14] The following year, he published his first cartoon series, Totor, in the Scouting magazine Le Boy-Scout Belge.[15] In 1928, he was put in charge of producing material for the new children's weekly supplement, Le XXe Siècle's , Le Petit Vingtième. He began illustrating The Adventures of Flup, Nénesse, Poussette, and Cochonnet, a strip written by a member of the newspaper's sports staff, but soon became dissatisfied with this series. Wallez asked Remi to create a young hero, a Catholic reporter who would fight for good all over the world.[14] He decided to create a comic strip of his own, which would adopt the recent American innovation of using Hergé 3 speech balloons to depict the characters' spoken words and inspired by established French comics author Alain St. Ogan.[16] Creating Tintin and Quick & Flupke: 1929–1938 Tintin in the Land of the Soviets, by "Hergé", appeared in the pages of Le Petit Vingtième on 10 January 1929, and ran until 8 May 1930. The strip chronicled the adventures of a young reporter named Tintin and his pet fox terrier Snowy (Milou) as they journeyed through the Soviet Union.