IMPERIAL GAZETTEER OF INDIA PROVINCIAL SERIES UNITED PROVINCES OF AGRA AND OUDH VOL. II THE ALLAHABAD, BENARES, GORAKHPUR, KUMAUN, • LUCKNOW, AND FYZABAD DIVISIONS, AND THE NATIVE STATES SUPERINTENDENT OF GOVERNMENT PRINTING CALCUTTA Price Rs. 6, or 9s.] OXFO&D; HORACE HA&T J'ltiNTB& TO THE tJNlVI&SJ'rV TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ALLAHABAD DIVISION , 1-122 CA WNPORE DISTRICT 2-21 Boundaries, configuration, and river system l Geology • 3 Botany • 3 • Fauna 1 3 Climate and temperature • 3 Rainfall • 3 History • .. 3 Archaeology • 5 The people 5 Castes and occupations • 5 Christian missions . 6 General agricultural conditions . 6 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops • 6 Improvements in agricultural practice 7 Cattle, ponies, and sheep . 7 Irrigation. 7 Minerals • 7 Arts and manufactures 7 Commerce 8 Railways and roads • 8 Famine • 8 District staff . 9 Civil justice and crime 9 Land revenue administration 9 Local self-government IO Police and jails IO Education 10 Hospitals and dispensaries 10 Vaccination II Bibliogniphy t )II AKBARPUR TAHSiL I I a 2 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS I'AGI BILHAU1 TAHSiL II BHOGNiPUR. T A.HsiL • II CA. WNPOR.B TAHSiL u DER.iPUR. • 12 NARWAL 13 SHIVA.IlAJPUR. 13 GHATA.:t.IPUR. 14 . BILHAUR. ToWN • 14 BITHUR. •. 14 CA. WNPORE Cm . • IS-20 The Mutiny IS :Municipality • 17 ·Trade 18 Manufactures • 19 Education 20 MAKAN.PUR • 2o• FATEHPUR DISTRICT . • I • U-J2 Boundaries, configuration, and river system u Geology • 21 Botany • .. 21 Fauna u· Climate and t~mperature . 12 Ra.infall • 22 History • u Archaeology :13 The people 23 Castes and occupations • 24 Christian missions • :14 General agricultural conditions • 24 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops • 25 Improvements in agricultural practice 25 Cattle and sheep 25 Irrigation • 26 :Minerals • 26 Arts and manufactures a6 Commerce 26 Railways and roads • 26 Famine • 27 District stall' • 27 Civil justice and crime 27 Land revenue administration • 27 Local self-government 28 Police and jails 28 Education 28 TABLE OF CONTENTS v PAGE Hospitals and dispensaries 28 Vaccination 29 Bibliography • 29 :FATEHPUR TAHSiL 29 KHA]UHA TAHSiL 29 GHAZiPUR TAHSiL 30 KHAGA 30 BINDKi 30 FATEHPUR TowN 31 KHAJUHA TowN • 31 KORA. 31 BANDA DISTRICT • • 3:z-5o Boundaries, configuration, and hill and river systems. .. 32 Geology • 32 Botany , 33 Fauna 33 Climate and temperature . 33 Rainfall • 3.3 History . 33 Archaeology • 35 The people 35 Castes and occupations 36 Christian missions . 36 General agricultural conditions . 36 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops • 37 Improvements in agricultural practice 37 Cattle, ponies, and she.ep . 38 Irrigation 38 Forests . 38 Minerals • 38 Arts and manufactures 39 Commerce 39 Railways and roads . 39 Famine . 39 District subdivisions ~nd staff . 40 Civil justice and crime 40 Land revenue administration 40 Local self-government 4I Police and jails 42 Education 42 Hospitals and dispensaries 42 Vaccination 42 Bibliography . .42 BANDA TAHSiL • • 42 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGB PAILiNI 43 BABERU 43 K..AlfAsiN , 43 Mw. « K.A.Rwi T A.HSiL ..... BADAUSA , 44 GIR.WAN 45 K.AR.wi SQ'BDIVlSION • 45 B.i:tn>i TowN · · . 4S CHITR.Altfi.T • ' ' 46 KlUNJAR., , . • 46 K.ARwi TOWN . • 49 RlJ4PUR (or MAJHGAWlN) ~. so HAMiRfUR DISTRICT . • • So-63 Boundaries, configuration, and hill and river systems • so Geology • . • . Su· Botany • • 1 51 Fauna . • . • 51 Climate.and temperature . 51 Rainfall , 5I History • _ • . • 51 · Archaeology • 53 The people S3 Castes and occupations • 53 Christian missions • S4 General agricultural conditions. • • 54 thief agricultural statistics and principal crops • 54 Improvements in agricultural practice SS Cattle, ponies, and sheep • 5S Irrigation 55 Minerals • 55 Arts and manufactures 56 Commerce 56 Railways and roads • s6 Famine • 56 District subdivisions and staff . " 57 Civil justice and crime • 57 Land revenue administration • 57 Local self-government 58 Police and jails 58 Education 58 Hospitals and dispemaries 59 Vaccination • 59 'Bibliography • . • • . 59 TABLE OF CONTENTS vii PAGE HAMiiPUR TAHSiL 59 RATH TAHSiL 59 KULPAHAR TAHSiL 6o MAHOBA TAHSiL 6o MAUDAHA TAHSiL 6o MAHOBA SUBDIVISION • 6r HAMiRPUR TowN 61 KuLPAHAR TowN 6x MAHOBA TowN • 61 MAUDAHii TowN 62 RXTH TowN 63 ALLAHABAD DISTRICT 63-85 Boundades, configuration, and hill and river systems . 63 Geology 64 Botany o 64 Fauna 64 Climate and temperature . 64 Rainfa,l o o • • 6s History o 65 Archaeology 65 The people 67 Castes and occupations 67 Christian missions . 68 General agricultural conditions . 68 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops 68 Improvements in agricultural practice 69 Cattle, ponies, and sheep . 70 Irrigation 70 Minerals • 70 Arts and manufactures 70 Commerce .• 70 Railways and roads . 7I Famine . 7I District staff 7I Civil justice and crime 7I Land revenue administration 72 Local self-government 73 Police and jails 73 Education 73 Hospitals and dispensaries 73 Vaccination 74 Bibliography o 74 ALLAHABAD TAHSiL • ,., 74 SIRATHU 74 viii TABLE OF CONTENTS I'AGB MANJHANPUR 7s SORAON 75 PHULPUR TAHSiL 75 HANDIA . • 76 KARCHANA • 76 BARA. 77 MEJA • 77 ALLAHABAD CITY • 78-8 3 History • 78 Muhammadan rule 78 The Mutiny 79 Situation • So Municipality , 8r Cantonments . Sa Trade 82 Education 82 1 ' Juusi • . , 83 KosAM 83 :r;-1AU AIMMA 84 PHtiLPUR TOWN , 84 Siasx . 8s · fulNsi DISTRICT • 8s-ro8 Boundaries, configuration, and bill and river systems • 85 Geology • 86 Botany • 86 Fauna 86 Climate and temperature . 86 Rainfall • 87 History • 87 Archaeology • 90 · The people 90 Castes and occupations . 90 Christian missions • 9 I General agricultural conditions • 91 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops • 92 Improvements in agricultural practice 92 Cattle, ponies, sheep, and goats 93 Irrigation 93 Forests • 93 Minerals • 94 Arts and manufactures 94 Commerce 94 p.ailways and roads • 94 Famine • 95 TABLE OF CONTENTS ix PAGE District subdivisions and staff . 95 Civil justice and crime 95 Land revenue administration 96 Local self-government 98 Police and jails 98 Education 98 Hospitals and dispensaries 98 Vaccination 98 Bibliography 98 JHANSI TAHSiL 99 MAU TAHSiL 99 GARAUTHA. 100 MoTH. 100 LALITPUR TAHSiL 100 MAHRONi , IOI LALITPUR SUBDIVISION 101 GURSARJ\1 • 101 BARWA SAGAR 102 CHANDPUR. 103 DEOGARH • 103 DUD HAl 103 ]HANSI CITY 104 LALITPUR TowN 105 MADAN PUR xo6 MAU·RANiPUR TOWN • 106 SIRON. 107 TALBAHAT ·• 107 }ALAUN DISTRICT , xo8-xzz Boundaries, configuration, and river system I08 Geology 108 Botany . 108 Fauna 108 Climate, temperature, and rainfall 109 History . 109 Archaeology• III The people III Castes and occupations II2 Christian missions . 112 General agricultural conditions . II2 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops . II2 Improvements in agricultural practice II3 Cattle, ponies, and sheep . II3 Irrigation •) 113 Minerals. 114 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Arts an<! manufactures ll4 Commerce U4 Railway~ and roads . ..• II4 Famine • 114 District staff • us Civil justice and crime . • us Land revenue administration • us Local self-government u6 Police and jails u6 Education u6 Hospitals and dispensaries u6 Vaccination n6 Bibliography u6 ORAl TAHSiL u6 KA.LPI TAHSiL • 117 J.ALAUN TAHSiL • I 17 I' KtiNCH TAHSiL u8 J.ALAuN TowN u8 KALPi TOWN II9 KtiNCH TowN • I2I ORAl TOWN 121. BENARES DIVISION • 123-200 BENARES DISl'RICT 124-142 Boundaries, configuration, and river system 124 Geology • 125 Botany • us Fauna us Climate and temperature . us Rainfall , us History· , us Archaeology '. 127 The people 127 Castes and occupations • uS Christian missions • 128 General agricultural conditions • .• 129 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops • 129 Improvements in agricultural practice 129 Cattle, ponies, and sheep , 129 Irrigation • 130 Minerals • 130 Arts and manufactures 130 Commerce 130 Railways and roads. 130 'Famine .• 131 TABLE OF CONTENTS xi PAGE District staff . 131 Civil justice and crime 131 Land revenue administration IJI Local self-government IJZ Police and jails IJZ Education IJZ Hospitals and dispensaries 133 Vaccination 133 Bibliography • 133 BENARES TAHSiL 133 GANGAPUR • 133 CHANDAULi 13.f BENARES EsTATE 134 BENARES CITY 136-141 History • 136 Description 137 Buildin,gs 138 Municipality • 139 Cantonment 140 Trade and manufactures 140 Education 140 RAMNAGAR 141 SARNATH 141 1\IIRZAPUR DISTRICT 142-158 Boundaries, configuration, and hill and river systems. 142 Geology . 143 Botany . 143 Fauna 144 Climate and temperature . 144 Rainfall • 144 History . 144 Archaeology 146 The people 146 Castes and occupations 147 Christian missions . 147 General agricultural conditions . 147 Chief agricultural statistics and principal crops qS Improvements in agricultural practice 148 Cattle, ponies, and sheep . 148 Irrigation . 149 Minerals . 149 Arts and manufactures 149 Commerce 0149 Railways and roads . ISO xii TABLE OF CONTENTS I'AG& Famine • ISO District staff • ISO Civil ju~tice and crime 151 Land revenue administration • 151 Local self-government 152 Police and jails 152 Education 152 Hospitals and dispensaries 152 Vaccination 152 Bibliography • 152 MllUAPUR TAHSiL 152 CHUNAR TAHSiL 153 ROBERTSGANJ 153 KORH (or BHADOHi) 154 CHAKIA 154 AHRAURA • ISS' CHUNAR TowN • ., ISS MIRZAPUR CITY • 156 }AUNPUR DISTRICT, ·•5s-174 Boundaries, configuration, and river system 158 Geology • 159 Botany • 159 Fauna 159 Climate and temperature • 159 Rainfall • 159 History • 159 Archaeology 162 The people 162 Castes and occupations . 163 Christian missions • 163 General agricultural conditions • 163 Chief agricultural statistics