Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06918-3 - The Afterlife of the Roman City Architecture and Ceremony in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Hendrik W. Dey Index More information INDEX Aachen, palace-city at, 236–237 Basilica Apostolorum and, 73 , 74n33 , 75 , as architectural pastiche, 241 75n36 , 76n45 , 77 , 101n142 adventus ceremony Amorium, 19 , 197–200 in Antioch, 98 Arab siege of, 199n295 in Autun, 48n121 archaeological excavations at, 199–200 in Constantinople, 81 , 83–84 during Dark Ages, 199–200 for Diocletian, 61n169 expansion of, 197–98 growing popularity of, 60–61 as thematic capital, 201–2 , 201n312 in hippodromes, 64n183 Ampurias, 146 imperial portraits in, 62 , 62n175 Anastasis Rotunda, in Jerusalem, 230–31 , 230n36 for Julian, 60n166 Anastasius (Emperor), 103n153 for Maximian, 61n169 Anatolia region, 197–210 in Milan, 48n121 development of cities in, 8 in Orl é ans, 166–67 Turkish conquest of, 209n343 political centrality of, 60 Anazarbos, 206–9 purpose of, 59n163 Angilbert (Abbot), 221–22 , 229 . in Reims, 177n205 See also Centula/St. Riquier monastery role of Roman Church in, 62–63 Anjar, 213–15 in Rome, 61–62 monumental architecture in, 215 during seventh century, 140 Ankara, 200–1 in Toledo, 150 Anonymous Valesianus , 119 in Trier, 48n121 Antioch, 33 , 34–44 triumphal ideology in, 64n183 adventus ceremony in, 98 as urban phenomenon, 61 Chrysostom on, 87–88 Victricius on, 63n178 church architecture in, 42–43 for Wamba, 144 under Constantine’s rule, 42–44 Agnellus, Andreas, 111 , 116–18 , 127 under Galerius’ rule, 38–42 Aila, 215 hippodrome in, 34n62 , 35–36 Alcantara bridge, in Toledo, 155 Libanius on, 34 , 87–88 , 89 Alcazar compound, in Toledo, 155–56 , palace architecture in, 34–35 , 38–42 155n111 porticated streets in, 67 , 87–88 , 90–91 Alexander the Great, 33 public baths in, 51 Alexandria, in late-antique literature, 86 Tetrapylon of the Elephants, 94n117 Alf ö ldi, Andreas, 16 urban topography in, 36–38 Alfonso II (King), 158 Antiochikos (Libanius), 34 , 87 Amastris, 133n21 Apamea, colonnaded avenues in, 65 Ambrose (Bishop), 63n177 , 73–74 , 73n32 Aphrodisias, 93n112 , 97n125 , 100n138 on arrival of relics, 77 Apollinaris, Sidonius, 2 , 112n185 279 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06918-3 - The Afterlife of the Roman City Architecture and Ceremony in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Hendrik W. Dey Index More information 280 INDEX Apostoleion, in Constantinople, 82n70 , Biddle, Martin, 5n11 82n72 , 83 bipolar cities, in Merovingian Gaul Apulia province, 120 Cahors, 178 Arcadius (Emperor), 72n25 , 84 Paris, 164–66 architecture. See ceremonial architecture ; palace Reims, 169 architecture ; urban architecture Tours, 163–64 Arechis (Prince), 185–86 bishops, collaboration with emperors, 77n47 palace architecture under, 183n238 Bowersock, Glen, 5 palatine complex, in Salerno, 185–87 Braga, 146 Arkadiane street, in Ephesus, 203–4 Brandes, Wolfgang, 131–32 Arles, comparisons to Rome, 3n4 Britain, urban development in, after Roman Art and Ceremony in Late Antiquity Empire, 128 (MacCormack), 16 Brown, Peter, 5 , 108–9 , 109n171 , 109n172 Arthur, Paul, 246n3 Byzantine Empire. See also Anatolia region ; Athens, 196–97 Constantinople ; Corinth Classical Agora in, 196 administrative structures within, 189 colonnades in, 196–97 Athens, 196–97 Dipylon Gate in, 196 concentration of wealth in, 139–40 atrium , in M é rida, 151 decline of cities within, 131–32 Atticus (Bishop), 102n148 disappearance of cities in, 132 Attila (King), 116 Palermo, 189–90 Augusteion, in Constantinople, 79 Pavia and, 180–81 Aurelian Wall, in Rome, 69 , 72 Sicily, 189–90 , 190n260 Ausonius of Bordeaux, 85–86 , 94n117 siege warfare and, 136–37n32 Autun, adventus ceremony in, 48n121 Syracuse, 19 , 190–91 tax revenues in, 133 Baghdad, 219–20 Thessaloniki, 19 , 196 Bali, choreographed rituals in, 139 urbanism in, 131 Balkan Peninsula, after fall of Roman Empire, Byzantium. See Byzantine Empire 128–29 Banaji, Jairus, 31 Caesarea Maritima, 86 Barcelona, 146 Cahors, 178 Basilica Ambrosiana, in Milan, 75 Calabria province, 120 Basilica Apostolorum, in Milan, 73 , 74n33 , 75 , calcatio collis ceremony, 144 75n36 , 77 , 101n142 Calzado, Alba, 151n90 arrival of relics at, 76n45 Cameron, Averil, 5 Basset, Sarah, 10 capital cities Baths of Zeuxippos, in Constantinople, 51 , 79 imperial, 31–32 , 38 , 47 , 49 , 52–53 , 59 , 68–77 , Bauer, Franz Alto, 10 , 81 , 92–93 , 96–97n124 95 , 186 Bejor, Giorgio, 24 , 65n1 provincial, 14 , 100 , 160 , 189 , 191 , 207 Benevento, 183–85 royal, 69 , 113 , 122 , 162 , 207 church of Hagia Sophia in, 183 thematic, 133 , 133n20 , 201–2 , 201n312 refortifi cation and remodeling of, 187 urban architecture in, 33–57 street planning in, 184–85 Carolingian Francia. See also Centula/St. topographical emulation of Constantinople, Riquier monastery ; Charlemagne ; 183–84 Lorsch, royal monastery of Bernard, H., 222 Angilbert in, 221–22 , 229 Bethlehem, depiction of at Santa Maria palace architecture in, general purpose of, Maggiore, 120–21 242–43 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06918-3 - The Afterlife of the Roman City Architecture and Ceremony in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Hendrik W. Dey Index More information INDEX 281 palace-city at Aachen, 236–37 , 241 Chrodegang (Bishop), 229n30 , 235–36 relations with Roman Church, 228–29 Chronicle (John of Biclar), 147 , 150 Torhalle structures in, 233–35 , 235n50 , 236n56 Chronicon Centulense , 221–22 , 223 Carthage, 86 Chronicon Salernitanum , 186n244 Cassiodorus, 118 , 137–38 Chrysostom, John Centula/St. Riquier monastery, 221–28 , 232 on Antioch, 87–88 abbey church architecture, 222–23 on Constantinople, 83–84 Anastasis Rotunda as infl uence on, 230–31 , Church of St. John Hebdomon, in 230n36 Constantinople, 101n142 as architectural pastiche, 241 churches. See also specifi c churches choirs in, division of, 225n15 in late Roman Empire, 10 in Chronicon Centulense , 221–22 , 223 porticated streets and, 71–72 cloisters in, 225 in post-classical cities, 10 Constantinople as architectural infl uence Cicero, 2 on, 231 circuit walls. See city walls Jerusalem as architectural infl uence on, 229–31 circuses list of abbey possessions, 225n17 in Merovingian Gaul, 167 litany ceremonies, 226–28, 228n27 in palace architecture, 112n185 longaniae in, 223 , 233 cities. See also cities, during seventh century ; porticoes in, 224–25 classical cities ; post-classical cities ; Roman churches and, relations between, Roman cities ; Umayyad Levant, cities in 228–29 adventus in, 61 as stand-in for Roman basilicas, 229 in Anatolia, 8 ceremonial architecture, 57–64 . See also adventus capital, 33–57 , 133 ceremony ; capital cities cultural prejudice in favor of, 5n12 civil and ecclesiastical symbiosis in, 64 development of, during Roman Empire, 1–2 in Classe, 122–23 disappearance of, within Byzantine under Diocletian, 58 Empire, 132 First Tetrarchy and, 57–58 during eighth century, 132 in hippodrome, 64 as epitome of civilization, 2 in Jerusalem, 124 exploitation of rural areas, 133 on Orontes island at Antioch, 34n62 during fi fth century, 134 personifi cation of city through, 62 in Gaul, 8 porticated streets as, 89–103 in Iberian Peninsula, 8 in Ravenna, 122–23 ideal compared to real, in late-antique ceremonial processions period, 119–26 in Jerusalem, 124n232 in the Levant, 8 along porticated streets, 89–103 , 126 during Middle Ages, 127–40 religious, along porticated streets, 102–3 palace-cities, 49 Charlemagne. See also Centula/St. Riquier polis and, 2 monastery private investment in, 31–32 architectural infl uences on, 237n59 during reorganization of late Roman in Lombard Italy, 187–88 Empire, 25–33 Lorsch monastery and, 235–36 Romanization of, 3–4 , 4n8 as New Constantine, 240n72 Rome as archetype, 2–3 palace-city at Aachen and, 236–37 , 241 taxation in, revenues through, 27–28 , Palatine Chapel and, 238–41 29–30n41 Christian churches, porticated streets and, 101 urban habits in, 1 , 6 , 251 Christie, Neil, 10 in Visigothic Kingdom, 147 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06918-3 - The Afterlife of the Roman City Architecture and Ceremony in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages Hendrik W. Dey Index More information 282 INDEX cities, during eighth century, 132 civitas (city-state), 2 , 5n11 Corinth, 194 Classe, 121 porticated streets in, 246–47 ceremonial topography in, 122–23 cities, during seventh century, 127–40 . San Severo basilica in, 110n178 See also Anatolia region ; Byzantium ; street architecture in, 122 Lombard Italy ; Merovingian Gaul ; Classical Agora, in Athens, 196 Umayyad Levant, cities in ; Visigothic classical cities. See also specifi c cities Kingdom defi nitive end of, time frame for, 18–19 adventus ceremony in, 140 cloisters, in Centula/St. Riquier monastery, 225 architectural commissions during, 135 Clovis (King), 162–64 , 162n137 church resources in, 137 Codex Vigilanus , 156 commercial growth in, 188 Cologne, 173–76 concentration of monumental topography in, Charles Martel in, 170 , 175–76 188–89 commerce and craft-production in, 175 concentration of wealth in, 139–40 , 140n40 dark earth in, 172–73n187 dark earth in, archaeological study of, 135–36 , extramural structures in, 173n191 172–73 , 172n187 number of permanent residents in, 173 decentralization of, 160 colonnades. See also porticated streets decline in standards of living, 134