Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-15534-2 - Three Sad Races: Racial Identity and National Consciousness in Brazilian Literature David T. Haberly Index More information Index Abolition, 1, 95-7, 123, 124, 165, 180mo; see Bader, Clarisse, 87 also "Golden Law" Bahia, 12, 54, 55, 56, 63, 126, 161, 176n2 abolitionism: in literature, 52-3, 162; in Bandeira, Manuel, 133, 186n2 Gon~alves Dias, 26; Alencar's opposition, Barreto, Tobias, 5, 104 51-2; in Castro Alves, 52, 56--8, 60-4, 67-9, Bastide, Roger, 104, 110 109; in Machado de Assis, 78, 95--8, Baudelaire, Charles, 110, 111, 112, 118, 119, 178--gn3, 180mo 182n6 Afonso V, king of Portugal, 26 Beethoven, Ludwig van, 180n8 Africa: and Castro Alves, 61, 68; and Cruz e Bilac, Olavo, 1, 2, 9, 26, 126, 129, 173 Sousa, 106--8, 111, 115, 119, 171 blacks in racial trinity, 1,4,9,26, 6g, 131-2, African characters: in Gon~alves Dias, 27; in 137, 153, 1;8, 173 Machado de Assis, 88-<), 172 Boas, Franz, 162 Agassiz, Elizabeth Cary, 37--8, 41 Brayner, Sonia, 178n2 A1encar, Jose de, 17, 32-50, 51-2, 63, 82, 83, Brazilian Academy of Letters, 72, gB, 99, 133 124, 125, 131, 155, 158, 159, 160, 165, 168, Brazilian Historical and Geographical Institute, 16g, 171, 174n5, 186m3; Iracemtl, 33, 35, 16,20,22 46-50,63, 125, 131, 132, 155-6, 165, 16g, Burton, Isabel, 47 176n3; The Guarani Indian (0 Guarani), 33, Byron, George Gordon, Lord, 58 35,43-6,48,49,63, 155, 16g, 172; Ubirajara, 33, 46; Five Minutes (Cinco Minutos), 34, Cabral, Pedro Alvares, 10 39, 40, 41- 2; Diva, 35, 39; Lucfola, 35, 39, 42, cafuzo (product of Indian-black miscegenation), 47; The Little Widow (A Viuvinha), 35, 39, 16, 19, 29, 162, 164; see also racial 40; The Silver Mines (As Minas de Prata), 35; classification; racial identity The Children of the God Tupa (as Filhos de Caldwell, Helen, 80, 84, 86 Tupa), 36; "As the Pen Writes" (" Ao Correr Calogeras, Joao Pandia, 161 da Pena"), 40 Camara, Eugenia, 55--<i, 59 alienation, 6-7, 22, 128, 173; see also exile, Caminha, Adolfo, 124-5, 16g sense of Camoes, Luis de, 8, 36 Almeida, Guilherme de, 2, 4 Campos, Haroldo de, 185n7, 186n9 Almeida, Jose Americo de, 162 Candido, Antonio, 37, 48 Alvarenga Peixoto, I. J. de, 14 cannibalism, 11, 130-1; see also Andrade, Amazon (river), 21, 139, 144, 146 Oswald de Amazons (women), 148, 151, 157, 160 Carnival, 107, 143, 147 Anchieta, Jose de, 132 Castro Alves, AntOnio de, 52, 54-69, 74, 109, Andrada e Silva, Jose Bonifacio de, 6 125, 16g; "The Slave Ship" ("0 Navio Andrade, Mario de, 127--8, 135-60, 161, 168, Negreiro"), 52, 61-3, 67--8, 6g' 125, 170, 171, 173, 185nm,4; Hallucinated City 177--8n7; FWating Foam (Espumtls Flutuantes), (Pauliciia Desvairada), 134, 137, 138, 56, 57; Gonzaga, 56; The Paulo-Afonso Falls 139-43, 150, 185nfi4-5; Macunalmtl, 134, 137, (A Cachoeira de Paulo Afonso), 56, 63-4, 16g; 139, 144-60, 161, 168, 171, 173, The Slaves (as Escravos), 56, 57; "Tragedy 186nnS-13; "Blues of a Difficult Writer" on the Hearth" ("Tragedia no Lar"), 62 ("Lundu do Escritor Dificil"), 136, 185n3; Ceara, 20, 35, 47, 48, 49, 124 "Improvisation on the Sickness of America" Celso, Afonso, 125 ("Improviso do Mal da America"), 138, Cendrars, Blaise, 166 140, 159-60, 161; "Carnival in Rio" census figures on race, 4, 123-4, 161, 174114; ("Carnaval Carioca"), 143, 147; The see also racial classification Slave-Girl Who Is Not Isaura (A Escrava que Chateaubriand, Fran~ois Rene de, 36, 44 tuio eIsaura), 143 Coelho, Pero, 49 Andrade, Oswald de, 127, 130-1, 133, 134, Coimbra, University of, 19 139, 145, 185n2; "Anthropophagist communism, 127, 133 Manifesto" ("Manifesto Antropofago"), Comte, Auguste, 79 130-1, 134, 145; "Brazil-Wood Manifesto" Cooper, James Fenimore, 44 ("Manifesto da Poesia Pau-Brasil"), 130 Corneille, Pierre, 88 antislavery movement, see abolitionism Costa, Claudio Manuel da, 14, 15 Araripe JUnior, Tristao de Alencar, 103 creative crisis, 6--8, 173 Arcadianism, 14-15 Cruz e Sousa, Joao da, 6, 99-122, 140, 159, Augustine, SI., 88--g, 179n5 171, 172, 173, 18m2; Missal, 102, 103, 104, Augustus Caesar, 87 109; Shields (Broqueis), 102, 104, 109, Azevedo, Aluisio, 124 113-19; Beacons (Farois), 103, 119-20; Azevedo, Fernando de, 161 Evocations (Evoca,6es), 104, 107, 119; Last Azores, 71 Sonnets (Ultimos Sonetos), 104, 121-2; "Black © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-15534-2 - Three Sad Races: Racial Identity and National Consciousness in Brazilian Literature David T. Haberly Index More information Index 197 Pain" ("Dor Negra"), 108; "Dark Lady" immaturity, theory of national, 7-8, 33, 15&-9, ("Tenebrosa"), 111; "Weeping of Guitars" 168, 169 ("Viol6es que Choram"), 112; "Antiphony" immigration, 125, 126-7, 128, 129, 138, 141, ("Antifonia"), 113-15, 181-2114; "Lesbia," 148,161 116--17, 182n5; "Lust" ("Lubricidade"), Inconfidincia Mineira, 14-15 117, 183n7; "Origin of Evil" ("Origem do independence of Brazil, 14, 15-16, 18 Mal"), 117, 172; "Acrobat of Pain" "Indian fever," 16, 130; see also Indianism (" Acrobata da Dor"), 119, 140, 183n9; Indianism, 15-17, ll~, 31, 32-3, 43-50, "Good Friday" ("Sexta-feira Santa"), 12<r33, 15S-60, 168 12(}-1, 184n11; "Sacred Hate" ("6dio Indians: in racial trinity, 1, 3, 4, 9, 129, 161, Sagrado"), 121-2, 184n12 163, 164, 169; in colonial literature, 1(}-11, Cunha, Eudides da, 126 13, 15, 167; in Gon~a1ves Dias, 19,20,21, ' ll~, 27, 29, 31, 33, 130, 171, 172; in Dante, 22, 91 A1encar, 33, 35, 36,43-50, 51, 131- 2, 169; Darwinism, 79, 102, 105, 106 in Modernism, 13(}-33; in Mario de degeneracy theory, 123-4, 126, 129, 164; see Andrade, 137, 138, 140, 149, 153, 154, 155, also racial identity, racial prejudice 8 Degler, Carl, 5 156, 15 , 173 industrialization, 127, 128, 142 34, 35 Didrio do Rio de Janeiro, Integralism, 133 Dinis, king of Portugal, 96 Dostoevski, 93 J oao II, king of Portugal, 26 Drummond de Andrade, Carlos, 133 Joao VI, king of Portugal, 15 Julius Caesar, 87, 88 Edenic metaphor, 1(}-11, 22, 46-8, 50, 117-8, 125,131-2, 166--73, 186--~n2,3 Koch-Griinberg, Theodor, 144, 145 education in Brazil, 54 Kossuth, Lajos, 58 Egypt, 107, 149 "Law of the Free Womb," 179n3 ll, 1 epic, 8, 17, 24, 34, 36, 46, 13 Lawrence, D. H., 169 exile, sense of, 1, 6, 7, 8, 1<r20, 22, 25, 27-31, Liberalism, 58 50,69,96,97, 167, 168-9, 171-3 Lima, A1ceu Amoroso, 128 Exu, 155 Lima, Jorge de, 169 Faria, Octavio de, 168 Lins do Rego, Jose, 164-7, 169, 17). 18~3 fascism, see Integralism literacy in Brazil, 4-5, 43, 10S-9, 160, 174n5 Fernandes Pinheiro, J. c., 38 Finnegan, Ruth, 65 Macedo, Joaquim Manuel de, 37, 39, 41, 53 Machado de Assis, Carolina, 72, 86, 93-4, Fiorianopolis, 101 Fortaleza, 20 179114, lSon8 Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria, 6, 70-g8, Freyre, Gilberto, 162-5, 166, 168, 16<r70, 99, 100, 104, 105, 106, 110, 119, 159, 171, 187114 172, 17&-9n3, 179n114-?, lSonnS-lO; Quincas Gama, Luis, 183n8 Borba, 71, 79, 82, 83, 84, 89; poetry, 72, 81; Ge Indians, 19, 24, 29 Dam Casmurro, 75, So, 81, 82, 84--<J, 172; Genesis, ll, 47; see also Edenic metaphor Posthumous Memoirs of Braz Cubas George, Stefan, 104 (Mem6rias P6stumas de Braz Cubas), 75, 81, "Golden Law," 57,95,96,97; see also Abolition 82, 83-4, 172, 178m; "The Mirror" ("0 Gonzaga, Tomas Antonio, 14, 175n3 Espelho"), 75, So; "The Secret Cause" ("A Gon~arves de Magalhaes, D. J., 17, 29, 34, 36, Causa Secreta"), 75~; "Alexandrine Tale" 37,47 ("Conto A1exandrino"), 78; "The Psychiatrist" Gon~alves Dias, Antonio, 17, 1S-31, 32-3, 36, ("0 Alienista"), 7&-9; Aires' Memorial 62,69, 130, 137, 159, 170, 171, 172; The (Memorial de Aires), 81, 89, 93-8, 151, Timbira Indians (Os Timbiras), 22, 36; "The 1Sonn&-9; "A Famous Man" ("Urn Homem Indian's Song" ("0 Canto do indio"), celebre"), 81; "Wedding Song" ("Cantiga de 24-5,172; "MaraM," 25~, 170, 175~m; Esponsais"), 81; Esau and Jacob (Esall e Jac6), 8<r Sestets of Brother Antony (Sexti/has de Frei 93,94. 95, 179n7; "A Woman's Arms" ("Uns Antdo), 26-7; "Song of Exile" ("Can~ao do Bra~os"), 172; "Midnight Mass" ("Missa do Exilio"), 27-31, 176nn2-3 Galo"), 172; abolitionist stories, 1Somo Gra~a Aranha, J. Pereira da, 129 IImagic realism," 146 Grieco, Agripino, 104, 178n3 Mallarme, Stephane, 103, 104, 109, 110, 186n9 Maranhao, 18, 20, 21, 24, 163, 171 Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich, 106, 184mo Masinissa, 87-8, 172 Ham, son of Noah, 61, 161, 163 Matos, Gregorio de, 11-12, 169 Heine, Heinrich, 97 Melo Moraes Fiiho, A. J. de, 168 Homer, 22, 65, 146 Mexico, 149 homosexuality, 54, 124-5, 169 Mickiewicz, Adam, 58 Hughes, Langston, 118 Miguel, Egle Maiheiros, 108 Hugo, Victor, 58, 110, 183n9 Milton, 22 "Humanitism," 79, 89 Minas Gerais, 13-14, 103 Huysmans, Joris Karl, 110 miscegenation, 3, 12, 2~, 27, 33, 46, 47-8, 51-2, Iago, 80, 86, 119; see also Othello 63, 71, 72, 86, 123, 124, 126, 129, 131-2, 137, identity, see national identity, racial 138, 162-4, 166-73, 179114; see also degeneracy continuum, racial identity theory, racial identity, racial prejudice © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-15534-2 - Three Sad Races: Racial Identity and National Consciousness in Brazilian Literature David T.