Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06828-5 — Radio Systems Engineering Steven W. Ellingson Index More Information INDEX 1/f noise, see noise beam, 53 antenna temperature, see antenna ABCD parameters, 229 beam antenna, 49–51 APCO P25, see land mobile radio FS/4 frequency conversion, 564–568 cell phone, 382 aperture efficiency, 52 π 4 -QPSK, see modulation current distribution, 35 aperture uncertainty, see analog-to-digital μ-law, see companding dipole, 35–43, 221, 255, 381, 391 converter dipole, 5/8-λ,39 application-specific integrated circuit A-law, see companding dipole, batwing, 43 (ASIC), 576 absorption dipole, bowtie, 42 arcing, 109 atmospheric, 93–94, 590 dipole, electrically-short (ESD), 20 array (antenna), see antenna ionospheric, 96 dipole, folded, 42, 55 array factor, 54 acquisition, of phase, 124 dipole, full-wave (FWD), 39 ASK, see modulation active mixer, see mixer dipole, half-wave (HWD), 20, 37, 49 atmospheric absorption, see absorption, adaptive differential PCM (ADPCM), dipole, off-center-fed, 39, 40 atmospheric 142 dipole, planar, 41 atmospheric noise, see noise adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR), dipole, sleeve, 41 ATSC, see television 541 discone, 382 attenuation constant, 93, 234 admittance (Y) parameters, 229 electrically-small (ESA), 382–390 attenuation rate, see path loss advanced wireless services (AWS), 587 equivalent circuit, 40 attenuator, digital step, 481 alias (aliasing), see analog-to-digital feed, 51, 56, 224 audio processing, 137–138 converter helix, axial-mode, 57 autocorrelation, 85 AM broadcasting, 3, 58, 482, 516, helix, normal-mode, 57 automatic gain control (AGC), 87, 122, 583–584 horn, 56, 92, 224, 381 138, 154, 163, 179, 182, 188, 195, AM-PM conversion, 348–349 impedance matching, see impedance 462, 478–480 ampliphase, 537 matching, antennas fast, 136, 478 amplitude modulation (AM), see integration, 33–35, 363–396 slow, 478, 479 modulation isotropic, 30 available gain circle, 307 analog modulation, see modulation log-periodic beam, 382 available gain design method, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), 11, loopstick, 58 306–309 446–458 monopole, 43–46, 56, 255, 391, 392 available power, 240, 365 alias (aliasing), 449 monopole, 5/8-λ,45 axial-mode helix, see antenna aperture uncertainty, 458 monopole, electrically-short (ESM), dynamic range, 453–457 44 backhaul, 5, 214–216 effective number of bits (ENOB), 457 monopole, quarter-wave (QWM), 44, backlobe, 48 flash, 447, 448 45, 366, 376 balanced circuit, see differential circuit lowpass sampling, 451 patch, 46–48, 55, 381 balun, 35, 256–257, 390–396 Nyquist zone, 449 planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA), 47, λ/2 transmission line, 394 pipeline, 448 386, 389 coaxial choke, 392–394 sigma-delta (-), 448 receiving, 25, 31, 363–375 ferrite choke, 394 signal-to-noise ratio, see quantization reflector, 51–53, 56, 224–226 folded, 394 subranging, 448 resonant, 381 Guanella, 256 successive approximation, 448 temperature, 108, 208, 364 LC, 257, 392 timing jitter, see timing jitter transmitting, 21, 29 Marchand, 395 undersampling, see undersampling tuner, 389–390 Ruthroff, 256 angle modulation, see modulation turnstile, 43 sleeve, 393 antenna, 9, 17–58 WiFi, 382 transformer, 256, 392 array, 54–55 Yagi, 49 transmission line, 257, 256–257 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06828-5 — Radio Systems Engineering Steven W. Ellingson Index More Information Index 601 band-edge tracking, 188, 574 broadcasting, 3, 55, 463, 523, 538, code rate, 177 bandwidth, 1 583–585 codec, 143 amplifiers, 332 buffer, 334, 499, 539 codeword, 177 analog filters, 398–399 coding gain, 178 analog-to-digital conversion, 447–451 C-band, 3 coefficient, reflection, 64 coherence, 77–80, 86, 88, 96, 173, 197, C4FM, see modulation coherence bandwidth, see bandwidth, 199 cable driver, 301 coherence decreasing, 271–273 capacitor, digital step, 506 coherence distance, 87 first null (FNBW), 148, 151 capacity, 174 coherence time, 84, 87, 90, 121, 193, 478 fractional, 380, 398 capture threshold, 137 coherent demodulation fundamental limit, 271 carrier, 81 of AM, 122–125 half-power, 266 carrier aggregation, 220, 588 of digital modulations, 154–155, 187 impedance matching, 266–268 carrier frequency estimation, 155, sensitivity, 125 increasing, 268–271 188–189, 574 collector efficiency, see power amplifier, noise, 100, 127 carrier phase estimation, 154, 169, 189 efficiency noise-equivalent, 153, 158 carrier sense multiple access with collector feedback stabilization, 292 quality factor, 266–268, 401 collision avoidance (CSMA/CA), 8, color dot, see land mobile radio resolution, 359 589 Colpitts oscillator, see oscillator unity-gain, see transistor Carson’s Rule, 133 common mode interference, 255 Barkhausen criteria, 489, 492 Cartesian feedback linearization, 545 commutator, 561 see baseband modulation, see modulation cascaded integrator comb (CIC), companding, 142 filter, digital μ-law, 142 baseband representation, 115 CB radio, 3, 517, 586 A-law, 142 batwing (antenna), see antenna cell, 8 complementary code keying (CCK), see BCH (Bose, Chaudhuri, and cellular, 3, 5, 6, 75, 142, 184, 197–200, modulation Hocquenghem) coding, 177 216–220, 345, 472, 479, 483, 484, complementary error function, 159 beam (antenna), see antenna 502, 517, 540, 586–589 complementary metal–oxide beamforming, 54, 183 central processing unit (CPU), 513, 574 semiconductor (CMOS), 287, beamwidth channel coding, 139, 176–179, 219 333–334 half-power (HPBW), 36, 37, 48, 52, channel impulse response (CIR), 74–80, complex baseband representation, 216 185–186 115–118, 440 beat frequency, 347 characteristic curve, see transistor compression (of data), 139, 141 beat product, 347 characteristic impedance, see compression point, 1 dB, 342–343, Beidou (GNSS), 594 transmission line 346–347 bias tee, 305, 325, 327 charge pump, see synthesizer (frequency) conduction angle, 524, 533 see biasing, transistor checksum, 177 conductivity, 64 BiCMOS, 287 chip, 196 constant modulus (CM), 524, 534 bilateral (two-port), 238 Chireix, 537 constellation diagram, 144 bilateral design, 302–310 Citizen’s Band, see CB radio continuous wave (CW), 139 binomial approximation, 72 Clapp, see oscillator continuously-variable slope delta bipolar junction transistor (BJT), see Class A, 132, 145, 524, 526–529 modulation (CVSDM), 142 transistor Class AB, 132, 145, 524, 533–534 convolution coding, 178 birdie, 471, 473 Class B, 524, 526, 530–533 CORDIC, 513 bit error rate (BER), 160 Class C, 132, 145, 524, 526, 534–535 correlation receiver, 156, 172, 196 block code, 177 Class D, 524, 526, 535–536 cosmic microwave background (CMB), blocking dynamic range, see dynamic Class E, 524, 536 110, 111 range Class F, 524, 536 COST231 model, see path loss Bluetooth, 503, 592 Class G, 536 Costas loop, 124, 189 Boltzmann’s Constant, 100, 286 Class H, 536 crest factor, 540 bowtie (antenna), see antenna Class S, 536 crystal, 426, 482, 504, 514 BPSK, see modulation clipping (ADC), 448, 460 cumulative distribution function (CDF), branch, 182 coaxial choke balun, see balun 82 branch line coupler, 548 code division multiple access (CDMA), current mode, 35, 253 breakpoint, 70, 73, 90 5, 8, 196–199, 220, 345, 478, 479, current moment, 18 brightness temperature, 109, 110 484, 503, 534, 540, 541, 543, 587 current source array, 519 broadband over power line (BPL), 109 code excited linear prediction (CELP), cutoff frequency, see filter, analog broadcast (link), 6 142 cyclic prefix, 200 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-06828-5 — Radio Systems Engineering Steven W. Ellingson Index More Information 602 Index dBm/Hz, 357 direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS), decision feedback (DFE), 185 DC current gain, 286 8, 195–199, 587, 589, 592 least mean squares (LMS), 187 decimation, 561–564 directivity, 29, 37, 48, 52 minimum mean square error (MMSE), decision feedback equalization, see director, 49 186–187, 194, 574 equalization discrete Fourier transform (DFT), 200 recursive least squares (RLS), 187 decision metric, 154, 156, 168, 182, 186 dispersion (dispersive response), 413 zero-forcing, 185, 185 decision rule, 158, 163 dither (dithering), 456 error control coding, 141, 177, 181, 192 decision threshold, 158, 163 diversity, 84, 87, 181–184 error correcting capability, 177 DECT, 172, 503 Doherty, 537 error vector magnitude (EVM), 542 DECT1800, 172 Doppler shift, 81, 84, 173, 188 Euler’s formula, 115 DECT1900, 172 Doppler spread, 81, 87, 201 exciter, 10 deemphasis, 136 double-balanced mixer, see mixer external noise dominance, see noise, delay filter, see filter, digital downconversion, 430–431, 446 external delay spread, 76–77, 86, 88, 96, 185, 198 drain efficiency, see power amplifier, external temperature, 208 delay spread, root mean square (RMS), efficiency extinction, see path loss 77 driver (antenna), 49 delay-locked loop (DLL), 573 dual modulus, 509 fade margin, 221 derotation, 123, 125, 169, 179, 182, 188 ducting, 97 fading, 79–87, 89–90 despreading, 196 duplexer, 6 fast, 82, 132 device-to-device (D2D) communications, dynamic range, 359–361 flat, 81, 154, 179–184 589 blocking, 360, 453 frequency-selective, 79 quantization, 453 ionospheric, 96 dibit, 144 spurious-free (SFDR), 360, 457 log-normal, 91 differential amplifier, 333 Nakagami, 90 differential BPSK (DBPSK), 169 E-plane, 29, 48 Rayleigh, 83 differential circuit, 35, 253–257 early-late synchronizer, 573 Ricean, 89 impedance matching, 274 Ebers–Moll model, 286 slow, 91 in ADC, 457 Edwards–Sinsky metric, 247 two-ray, 89 in