ABANDONED RAILROAD INVENTORY AND POLICY PLAN ABANDONED RAILROAD INVENTORY AND POLICY PLAN prepared by: Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission The Bourse Building 111 S. Independence Mall East Philadelphia, PA 19106-2515 September 1997 This report was printed on recycled paper The preparation of this report was funded through federal grants from the U.S. Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Federal Transit Administration (FTA) , as well as by DVRPC's member governments. The authors, however, are solely responsible for its findings and conclusions, which may not represent the official views or policies of the funding agencies. Created in 1965, the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) is an interstate, intercounty and intercity agency which provides continuing, comprehensive and coordinated planning for the orderly growth and development of the Delaware Valley region. The region includes Bucks, Chester, Delaware, and Montgomery counties as well as the City of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania and Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Mercer counties in New Jersey. The Commission is an advisory agency which divides its planning and service functions between the Office of the Executive Director, the Office of Public Affairs, and three line Divisions: Transportation Planning, Regional Planning, and Administration. DVRPC's mission for the 1990s is to emphasize technical assistance and services and to conduct high priority studies for member state and local governments, while determining and meeting the needs of the private sector. The DVRPC logo is adapted from the official seal of the Commission and is designed as a stylized image of the Delaware Valley. The outer ring symbolizes the region as a whole while the diagonal bar signifies the Delaware River flowing through it. The two adjoining crescents represent the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the State of New Jersey. The logo combines these elements to depict the areas served by DVRPC. DELAWARE f-iLEY REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION Publication Abstract TITLE Date Published: September 1997 Abandoned Railroad Inventory and Policy Plan PE:';~Lcation No. 97006 Geographic Area Covered: Nine-county DVRPC region: Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia counties in Pennsylvania; Burlington, Camden, Gloucester and Mercer counties in New Jersey. Key Words: Abandoned Railroads, Rights-of-Way, Bicycle, Pedestrian, N on-Motorized Transportation, Intermodal, Corridors, Off-Road Facilities, Greenways, Notification, Policy, Implementation. ABSTRACT This report elaborates on enhancing alternative transportation and recreational opportunities as outlined in DIRECTION 2020, DVRPC's long range transportation and land use plan for the Delaware Valley. The Abandoned Railroad Inventory contains information about the history of railroad development in the region as well as data describing the current condition of active, inactive and abandoned railroad rights-of­ way. Recommendations for improving the notification process and goals and policies for preserving these rights-of-way are included, together with specific reuse alternatives. For More Information Contact: Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission Regional Planning Division The Bourse Building 111 South Independence Mall East Philadelphia, PA 19106-2515 (215) 592-1800 fax: (215) 592-9125 e-mail: [email protected] website: http://www .libertynet. orgr dvrpc/ TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page Executive Summary ............................................... 1 Chapter 1: History and Trends .................................... 3 Chapter 2: Inventory and Re-Use Options ........................... 23 Chapter 3: The Abandonment Process ............................. 67 Chapter 4: Federal and State Approaches to Reuse ................... 81 Chapter 5: Goals, Policies and Recommendations .................... 91 TABLES Table I: Shortline Freight and Passenger Excursion Railroads ......... 21 Table II: Mileage of Abandoned and Inactive Railroad Rights-af-Way .. 27 Table III: Existing Reuse of Railroad Rights-of-Way .................. 31 Table IV: Planned Reuse of Railroad Rights-of-Way .................. 33 Table Va: Inventory of Abandoned and Inactive Rail Rights-of-Way in Southern New Jersey ............................. 36 Table Vb: Inventory of Abandoned and Inactive Rail Rights-of-Way in Southeastern Pennsylvania ........................ 48 Table VI: Regulated Abandonment Time Line ....................... 75 Table VII: Notice of Exemption Time Line .......................... 76 FIGURES Figure I: Historic Trolley Lines .................................. 9 Figure II: Active Freight Lines .................................... 11 Figure III: Active Passenger Lines ................................. 13 Figure IV: Abandoned Rights-of-Way .............................. 25 Figure V: The Abandonment Process .............................. 79 ApPENDIX A Historic Trolley Lines .................................. A-1 B Active Freight Lines ................................... A-9 C Active and Suspended Passenger Lines ................... A-17 o Bibliography ......................................... A-21 E Notification List ....................................... A-25 5H53ED9F5 CE==1BI 5H53ED9F5 CE==1BI @U]RUbd_^8YWXdcd_g^ 2bQ^SX @U]RUbd_^8YWXdcd_g^ 2bQ^SX DXU @U]RUbd_^ DbQY^ CdQdY_^ Yc RUY^W bU^_fQdUT Ri Q \_SQ\ S_]]e^Ydi Wb_e` Q^T gY\\ dYU Y^ d_ Q ! ]Y\U dbQY\ ^Udg_b[ `b_`_cUT Ri dXU R_b_eWX Q\_^W dXU V_b]Ub B?G @U]RUbd_^ 2_b_eWX 2eb\Y^Wd_^ 3_e^di EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Year 2020 Land Use and Transportation Plan - DIRECTION 2020 - as prepared by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) outlined a number of goals which provide a vision for the Delaware Valley region into the next century. The preservation and appropriate re-use of railroad rights-of-way are important components of this vision. Investigating the current railroad network and understanding the historical decline of railroad use are both necessary steps to preserve these resources. Studying these fragments of abandoned railroads in the Delaware Valley will help to identify opportunities to develop and promote alternative means of transportation. Many of the inactive or abandoned rail rights-of-way in the region could be suitable for other public uses such as bicycle and pedestrian trails, transit use, freight or even new roadway connections. These corridors would help ease traffic congestion by encouraging alternative transportation linkages that will reduce congestion and improve air quality. If redeveloped as recreational trails, railroad rights-of-way can function as linear parks, promoting the goal of maintaining open space and enhancing recreational opportunities. Finally, if preserved, these rights-of-way will be available for any future freight and/or transit expansion plans. Rail lines which were once profitable have become victims of changing economic and demographic conditions and a transportation system which increasingly favors cars and trucks. As a result, railroad rights-of-way are being lost at an accelerated pace. Often, railroad rights-of-way are sold in a piecemeal manner that make them extremely difficult to reassemble. Many abandoned rail rights-of-way could be preserved if these resources are identified more quickly and parties who are potentially interested in converting these rights-of-way into other uses are notified in a timely manner. This report provides an inventory of the present use and condition of railroad rights-of-way in the region . It also examines the current mechanism to provide notice of applications for rail abandonments and recommends the means by which this process could be made more efficient. There is a need for a comprehensive, long range planning approach to preserving abandoned rail lines. In order to foster a more proactive process, attempts to anticipate abandonments need to be made well before the notification process is initiated, together with a plan for future re-use. The report concludes with a set of goals, policies and recommendations on means to improve the planning and redevelopment process for rail line re-use. Seven broad goals and 41 strategies are offered, with the appropriate implementing actors identified for each strategy. Chapter I: History and Trends !&(,#* !&(,#* 89CD?BI 1>4 DB5>4C 4B 3Q^Q\ D_g`QdX 4B 3Q^Q\ D_g`QdX BU]^Q^dc _V dXU V_b]Ub 2U\fUTUbU 4U\QgQbU BB QbU fYcYR\U Qd dXYc dbQY\XUQT `Qb[Y^W QbUQ 8_`UgU\\ Dg` =UbSUb 3_e^di CHAPTER 1 HISTORY AND TRENDS The abandoned railroads of the region are just a small representation of the glory days of railroading. Each railroad - whether active, inactive, abandoned or even forgotten - is a snapshot of our industrial past. The alignment of these rights-of-way tell the stories of agriculture, mining, manufacturing and industries long gone. Urban settlement patterns were often determined by the location of a rail line, and many communities can attribute their growth and prosperity to the new mobility of people and goods. Abandoned railroad beds should not merely serve as reminders of times past, but rather, they can continue to contribute to the public good as transportation, recreation and education resources. In order to appreciate the significance of the remaining fragments of railroad rights-of-way, it is important to know about their history, including the period and purpose for which they were constructed. The following section describes a brief history of railroad development in the United States and