CENSUS OF INDIA 1971 SERIES~25 CHANDIGARH PART II-D MIGRATION TABLES K.K. CHAKRAVORTY Director of Census Operations Chandigarh 1971 CENSUS PUBLICATIONS OF CHANDIGARH . (All the Census Publications of this Union Territory will bear Series Number lS) Part I General Report Part II-l\ ., General Population Tables Combined Volume Published PartII-B \ . Economic Tables Part II-C(i) &(ii) Social and Cultural Tables and Fertility I Tables ~Combined Volume Published Part V-A Special Tables-on_Scheduled Castes J Part I1-D Migration Tables Present Volume Part III .' Establishment Report and Tables Published Part IV . Housing Report and Tables Published Part VI-A Town Directory (Please see X-A Part A) Part VI-B Special Survey Reports on Selected Towns Part VIII-A Administration Report on Enumeration Published (for official use) Part IX Census Atlas Published *Part X Part X-A Village and Town Directory Published Part X-B Village/Urban Blockwise Primary Census Abstract Part X·C District Census Tables, Tables on Village Directory and Primary Published Cansus Abstract Data and Administrative, -------------,---------------------------Welfare and Development statistics. *A Publication of the Chandigarh Admini~tratiQn. The history of Chandigarh, the city beautiful, begins with the partition of the Indian Sub-Continent. Lahore the historic capital of undivided Punjab, having gone to Pakistan tile need for a new capital for East Punjab arose. For a while the Government of East Punjab functioned at JulJundur. Thereafter as a make shift arran· gement Simla became the Seat of Government. However, t/sese places were not found suitable for a per­ manent Seat of Government. Several claims were put and finally the present site was chosen for the capital city due to its natural surroundings viz., Patiali Rao on the West, Sukhna Choe on the east, the monsoon rivers and Shivalik Hills on the north-east, wlJich make for a check on the haphazard growth oj the city. The other reasons Jor selecting this site were healthy climate, fertile land for growing trees,fruits and vegetables plentiful supply of water and availability of building materials like stone, sand and cement. The city was named after "Chandi", the Goddess of Chivalry. The holy shrine of Goddess 'Chandi' is located on Chandigarh-Kalka Road at a distance oj about 12 kilometres in the State of Haryana. 2. Initially the plan of Chandigarh was entrusted to Mr. Albert Mayar and Whittlesey of New York, Architects and Planners. At a later stage Monsieur Le Corbusier, a Swiss born French Architect of world fame and the chief collaborator of U.N. Buildings at New York, was associated in this work along with Monsieur Pierre Jeannert, his close associate in many of his great works of Architecture and Planning, Mr. Maxwell Fry, the acknowledged leader of modern Architecture in england and Miss Jane B. Drew, the best known women Architect in England. The present master plan of Chandigarh in execution is the outcome of the combined efforts of these experts. 3. The city haJ received wide acclaim as it represents the Jirst major attempt at planning of a complete city which will function as a self-sufficient community. The basic planning unit of the city is the Sector. Each Sector is planned to be a self-contained unit providing for residential accommodation, a shopping centre, educatio."al and medical facilities, place of worship, open space, etc. The industrial area is to the east while the capital complex is to the north. 4. The city waS formaly declared open by the Firsi President of India, Dr. Rajindra Parsad on tfh october, 1953. 'the present volume deals with the migration data (or the Union Territory of Chandigarh. Miara. tion data of Chandigarh, the city beautiful, will no doubt make for a fascinating study; but at this time the scope of the study would seem limited in that data are available for two censuses only, viz.; 1961 and 1971. Following the all India pattern, data have been presented in this volume for rural and urban areas separately. The six tables presented here are explained in the fly leaves which precede each tablt. I take this opportunity of thanking IllY colleagues in 'he Directorate of Census Operations of the Union Territory of Ohandigarh, who undertook the onerous task of preparing these tables. To Shri M.L. Sharma are due my special thanks for the draft he gave me. Last but not least, I thank the Controller, Printing and Stationery Department. Chandigarh Adminis­ tration and his oolleagues for taking interest in printing this volume. Ko.K.. CHAKRAVORTY New Delhi, Basant Panchami, 1 February, 1979. CONTENTS Page Introductory Note : i to iv Statement I Percentage to total migrants to total population in Union 2 Territory Chandigarh according to birth place. Statement II Percentage of total migrants to total population in 3 Union Territory Chandigarh according to place of last residence. Statement III Migration to and from the neighbouring states by birth 3 place. Annexure : Questions on migration in various censuses 5iooo 1881. 4 Fly-leaf to table D-I 5 Table D-I Population classified by place of birth. 6-8 Fly-leaf to table D-ll 9 Table D-II Migrants classified by place of last residence and duration 10-21 of residence in place of enumeration. Appendix to table D-II Migrants by state oflast residence and age for 22-33 duration of residence of 0-9 years (Males and Females) Fly-leaf to table D-IH 35 Table D-tII Migrants to urban units (including agglomeration 36-83 having 100,000 and above population classified by place, broad age-groups, edvcational levels and in case of workers by occupational divisions. Fly-leaf to table D-IV 85 Table D-IV Population of urban units (including agglomeration) 86-87 having 100,000 and above population classified by place of last residence and duration of residence. Fly-leaf to table D-V 89 Table D-V Migrant workers and non-workers according to main activi­ 90-109 ties classified by place of last residence. Fly-leaf to table VI III Table D-VI Migrants classified by place of last residence, age-group. Ip-129 duration of residence and marital statl1s. ~ ..2 a:..:t "Q " Ii e .. ..% "o ~ ~ ..OJ ..'"" :s:: to- j .., .. i5 ; .,. o o ~ o a E ____ -=================Ji Introductory Note The present volume incorporates da~a ~n to birth place till 1961. In the 1971 census, migration revealed by the 1971 census WhICh m­ for the first time data on last residence migration cidentally happened to ~e the first ~nsus of ,the were collected in addition to data on birth place Union Territory of Chandlgarh after Its constItu­ migration. The various questions on migration tion in 1966. The subje(:t of migration has assumed have been shown in Annexure given at the end importance since the second world ,war: The of this note. complexity of problems posed by mIgratIon of population goes on increasing year after year due The question on migration included in the to multiple factors.. :rhe study of ~ocial and de~lO­ schedules d\,\ring 1961 and 1971 censuses are repro­ graphic processes IS mcomplete wIthout a detaIled duced below : study of migration in its varied aspects such as extent, direction, selectivity, motivation and adjust­ Census Questionnaires ments etc. However, at detailed discussion of these is proposed to be undertaken separately in 1961 1971 the main report. 4. (a) Birth place 7. Birth place The term migration connotes the change of residence from one geographical unit to another. (b) Born Rural/Urban Four migration streams can be identified, namely (c) Duration of (a) place of birth (i) rural to rural (ii) rural to' urban (iii) urban residence if born (b) Rural/Urban to rural and Civ) urban to urban, In the elsewhere (c) District present volume migration data are presented Cd) State/Country by the following broad categories (i) Migration within the state/union territory of enumeration 5. (a) Nationality (ii) Migration from other statesfUnion Territories but within India and (iii) Migration from other 8. Last residence countries. In the first two cases break up by rural and urban sectors has also been presented. No (a) Place of last residence such break up has, however, been given for (b) Rural/Urban external migration i.e. inmigration from other (c) District countries. (d) State/Country The political and social upheavals; natural 9. Duration of residence calamities like floods, famines, earthquakes, epide­ at the villages or mics and opening of new areas for industries and town of enumeration. colonisation greatly stimulate the process of migration. During the second world war the The answers recorded according to the above development of industrial and urban centres saw questions were tabulated as per list of tables given large scale migration within the country. The below. partition of the sub continent in 1947 caused great exodus of population both ways. The factors 1961 like employment, education, marriage etc. also con­ tribute to the process of migration. Chadigarh, the Table D-I Non-Indian Nationals. city beautiful, was built to serve as the capital of Punjab (East) due to loss of Lahore, the capital of Table D-II Place of birth undivided Punjab. The subsequent merger of Pepsu states with Punjab brought in its wake many Go­ Table D-III Migrants classified by place of birth vernment officials alongwith families from Patiala and duration of residence in the place of to Chandigarh. The University, Government enumeration. college of Engineering, 'Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science and other insitutions have large Table D.IV Migrants to cities classified by number of students on their roll from out side. sex, broad age groups, educational levels Many refugees from Pakistan, who could not and in case of workers also by occupa­ settle down elsewhere made Chandigarh as the tional divisions and groups.