Overhauling the phylogenetic origins and early evolution of lizards and 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © II Joint Congress snakeson Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48thTiago European R. Simões Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . Squamata Lizards Snakes Amphisbaenians Ca. 6.300 spp Ca. 3.500 spp 197 spp Lepidosauria = Squamata + Rhynchocephalia 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th EuropeanSphenodon Contactpunctatus Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 242ma 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . Jones et al. 2018 © II Joint Congress(2013) on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproductionWhat even in partare is prohibited. the closest relatives to lepidosaurs? Which were the earliest squamates? When did the major reptile clades originate? 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . Early lepidosaur evolution Current impediments to advance our knowledge 1- Origin of squamates: ~240 mya (Early-Middle Triassic) Oldest known fossils: Middle Jurassic (165 MYA) of Britain, Morocco, Central Asia. 2- They look like this: 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. Balnealacerta silvestris Bellairsia gracilis Oxiella tenuis (NHMUK R12669) (NHMUK2018 R12678) © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology(NHMUK 2018. All rights R12689) reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . Early lepidosaur evolution Current impediments to advance our knowledge 3- Which of these are lepidosauromorphs? Younginiforms: Gauthier 1984; Benton 1985, 1990; Carrol 1988; Evans 1988 Paliguanids: Gauthier 1984; Benton 1985, 1990; Carroll 1975, 1988; Evans 1988 Kuehneosaurids: Gauthier 1984; Evans 1988; Caldwell 1996; Motani et al. 1998; Lee 1997, Lee 2001 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. Sauropterygians: Rieppel & de Braga 1996; Wilkinson 1997; Motani et al. 1998; Lee 2001; Hill 2005 Turtles: Rieppel & de Braga 1996; Caldwell 1996; Motani et al. 1998; Müller 2004; Lyson et al. 2012 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © 48th European Contact Lens Society Of Ophthalmologists. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited] . Early lepidosaur evolution Current impediments to advance our knowledge 4- Taxonomic sampling in broad scale reptile relationships: 10,000 species of extant forms (64 families) + hundreds of extinct lineages represented as… 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018 © II Joint Congress on Evolutionary Biology 2018. All rights reserved - Any reproduction even in part is prohibited. 2018Gauthier ©et