MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 1 MPPSC 2020 MAINS TEST SERIES TEST 1 MODEL HINTS GS PAPER 1 History & Culture - Unit 1, Unit 2, Unit 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- 3 MARKERS 1. This question consists of 9 very short answer-type questions. Each question is to be answered in 1 line (10 Words). There is no internal choice. Each question carries 3 marks. (9 x 3 = 27 marks) (a) Adamgarh Model Hints • Adamgarh in Madhya Pradesh provides the earliest evidence for the domestication of animals like cows, horses and other poultry and farm animals. • Its one of the Mesolithic age sites rich in art and paintings. (b) Surat Split Model Hints • In 1907 AD, the Surat session of the Congress took place in which differences arose between the Congress extremists and moderates regarding the post of President and the Swadeshi movement. Supplementary Notes • While the extremists wanted Lala Lajpat Rai to be the president, Ras Bihari Ghosh became the president due to the dominance of the moderates. MPPSC 2019 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2019 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 1 • Apart from this, the extremists suspected that the proposals related to Swadeshi boycott, national education and self-government presented by them could be canceled, resulting in controversy. In the atmosphere of turbulence and disturbance, the Congress split into Garamdal (extremists) and Naramdal (moderates). (c) Balban Model Hints • Balban was an IIbari-Turk. • He was the slave of Iltutmish. • He propounded a new theory of kinship • He took the title Jil-i-IIahi (a shadow of God on Earth). Supplementary notes on Balban • In his court, he introduced some formalities like sijda (prostration) and Paibos (kissing of feet). • The Iranian festival of Nauroz or New Year was celebrated in the court. • The well known Hindi and Persian poet Amir Khusrau (AD 1235-1325) who was called the Parrot of India adorned the court of Balban. (d) Rigveda Model Hints • The Rig-Veda is the oldest among all Vedas. • The Rigveda is a collection of 1,028 hymns divided into 10 mandalas. (The total mantras in Rig-Veda are 10,600.) • The Hymns of Rig Veda were recited by Hotri priests. • The universally famous Gayatri mantra (Savitri) is in the 3rd mandala of Rig-Veda. (e) Tatya Tope Model Hints • Tantia Tope, original name Ramchandra Panduranga, (born 1814 Pune, India—died April 18, 1859, Shivpuri), was a leader of the Indian Mutiny of 1857–58. • In May 1857, Tantia Tope won the battle over the Indian troops of the East India Company at Kanpur • He was known for his guerilla tactics. • He collaborated with Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi to seize Gwalior. MPPSC 2019 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2019 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 1 (f) Subsidiary Alliance Model Hints • The doctrine of subsidiary alliance was introduced by Lord Wellesley, British Governor-General of India in 1798. • An Indian ruler entering into Subsidiary Alliance with the British had to dissolve his own armed forces and accept British forces in his territory. Supplementary Notes Features of the Subsidiary Alliance Treaty • An Indian ruler entering into Subsidiary Alliance with the British had to dissolve his own armed forces and accept British forces in his territory. • He also had to pay for the British army’s maintenance. If he failed to make the payment, a portion of his territory would be taken away and ceded to the British. • In return, the British would protect the Indian state against any foreign attack or internal revolt. • The British promised non-interference in internal affairs of the Indian state but this was rarely kept • The Indian state could not enter into any alliance with any other foreign power. Year Ruler 1798 Nizam of Hyderabad 1799 Mysore, Tanjore 1801 The Nawab of Oudh 1802 The Peshwa 1803 The Bhonsle 1804 The Scindia (g) Principle of Jainism Model Hints Five Vows or Principles of Jainism • The householder had to observe the following five vows: 1. Ahimsa (Non-violence) 2. Satya (Truthfulness) 3. Asteya (Non-stealing) 4. Aparigraha (Non-possession of property) MPPSC 2019 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2019 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 1 5. Brahmacharya (Celibacy) The first four principles were given by Parshvanath, while the 5th one was added by Lord Mahavira (h) Guru Nanak Model Hints • Guru Nanak, born as Nanak (1469 – 1539), also referred to as Baba Nanak was the founder of Sikhism and is the first of the ten Sikh Gurus. • His birth is celebrated worldwide as Guru Nanak Gurpurab • Guru Nanak Dev was born in a village, Talwandi near Lahore (it was renamed later as Nankana Sahib). • Guru Nanak Dev has written compositions which were included in the Adi Granth compiled by Guru Arjan (1563-1606), the fifth Sikh guru. • This came to be known as Guru Granth Sahib after the additions made by the 10th guru Guru Gobind Singh (1666-1708). Relevance of Guru Nanak Dev for modern India • His idea of equality can be deduced by the following innovative social institutions, o Langar: Collective cooking and sharing of food. o Pangat: Partaking food without distinctions of high and low caste. o Sangat: Collective decision making. • According to him, the whole world is God’s creation (Jeeye kaa ik daata) and all are born equal. There is only one universal creator i.e. “Ik Omkaar Satnaam.” • Guru Nanak Dev placed the motto of "kirat karo, naam japo and vand chhako" (work, worship and share) before his disciples. (i) Jaziya • Jizya was a tax levied by the Muslim rulers on Hindu residents of the territory in return for their protection. • In India, Qutb-ud-din Aibak imposed jizya for the first time. • Jizya was abolished by the Mughal ruler Akbar in the 16th century but was re-introduced by Aurangzeb in the 17th century ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- 6 MARKERS 2. Write the answers of the following questions in 5-6 lines (50 words) each : (6 x 5 marks = 30 marks) (a) Types of Marriage during Later Vedic Period Model Hints During the Later Vedic Period , eight types of marriages were listed for the first time. Type of Marriage Description MPPSC 2019 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2019 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 1 It was a marriage of a duly dowered girl to the man of the same ✓ Brahma varna with Vedic rites in the presence of Agni. In this marriage, the girl is given by her father to the sacrificial ✓ Daiva priest in lieu of his fees. In this marriage, the father gives the girl without dowry and ✓ Prajapati without demanding bride-price. In this type of marriage, the father of the girl takes a token ✓ Arsa bride-price of a cow and a bull. ✓ Asura It is marriage by purchase. It was marriage by mutual consent and elopement. A special ✓ Gandharva form of it was the Swayamvara or self - choice. It is marriage by capture, practiced especially by the warrior ✓ Rakshasa class. It is marriage by abducting the girl when she is asleep, drunk, ✓ Paisacha etc. (b) Town planning under Indus Valley Civilisation. Model Hints • Town planning in IVC was not uniform. It followed the grid system, i.e., streets cutting across one another at right angles, dividing the town into large rectangle blocks. • Lamp posts at intervals indicate the existence of street lighting. • Houses, often of two or more storeys, generally had side entrances and no windows facing the main street. • There was large-scale use of burnt bricks and the complete absence of stone buildings. Round pillars were absent. • Good drainage system: Drains were made of mortar, lime, and gypsum and covered with large brick slabs for easy cleaning. • The towns were divided into two parts: 1. Upper part or Citadel and 2. Lower Part. • In Citadel public buildings, granaries, important workshops, and religious buildings were there. In the Lower part, people used to live. Six granaries in a row were found in the citadel at Harappa. • In Mohenjo-Daro, a Big Public Bath (Great Bath) measuring 12 m by 7 m and 2.4 m deep, has been found. It was probably used for ritual bathing. Steps led from either end to the surface with changing rooms alongside. MPPSC 2019 - MAINS TEST SERIES 2019 (Enroll@8999) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com MPPSC 2020 – MAINS TEST SERIES 2020 - TEST 1 (c) Throw light on the contribution of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar. Model Hints • Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar (1820-1891) was as one of the pillars of Bengal renaissance who managed to continue the social reforms movement that was started by Raja Rammohan Roy in the early 1800s. Vidyasagar was a well- known writer, intellectual and above all a supporter of humanity. • He brought about a revolution in the Bengali education system and refined the way Bengali language was written and taught. • The title 'Vidyasagar' (ocean of knowledge) was given to him due to his vast knowledge in several subjects. • He introduced the study of modern western thought in the Sanskrit College and admitted students belonging to the so- called lower castes to study Sanskrit. • His greatest contribution was to the cause of widow upliftment and girl education. He played a great role in the passing of the law which made the marriage of widows legal. He personally took part in the first widow remarriage that was performed in Calcutta in 1856 Major Contribution of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 1.