PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI MR. HYDE AS DR. JEKYLL’S DEFENSE MECHANISM IN ROBERT STEVENSON’S THE STRANGE CASE OF DR. JEKYLL AND MR. HYDE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Satra in English Letters By Rr. STEPHANIE WARSITA PERMATASARI BUI Student Number: 154214141 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2019 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI MR. HYDE AS DR. JEKYLL’S DEFENSE MECHANISM IN ROBERT STEVENSON’S THE STRANGE CASE OF DR. JEKYLL AND MR. HYDE AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Satra in English Letters By Rr. STEPHANIE WARSITA PERMATASARI BUI Student Number: 154214141 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2019 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI “You are my refuge and my shield; I have put my hope in your word” *Psalm 119:114 STUDY while others are sleeping WORK while others are loafing PREPARE while others are playing And DREAM while others are wishing *William Arthur Ward vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI FOR MY NEVER ENDING LOVE Papah Mamah Rio Wiro Deden viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude firstly goes to God Father, Jesus His Son, Holy Spirit, and Mother Mary for the abundant blessings and guidances which are more than enough for me. I am fully loved and blessed. Then, I send my gratitude to my thesis advisor Dr. G. Fajar Sasmita Aji, M. Hum. that he is willing to guide and also give advices which are really helpful for me in writing and revising my thesis. Also I would like to thank my co-advisor Dr. Tatang Iskarna for his constructive assessment in improving my thesis. My gratitude is also dedicated to my academic advisor Dr. B. Ria Lestari, M. Sc., and the previous one F. X. Risang Baskara, S. S., M. Hum., the English Letters Department staff and lecturers for their support and help. I am forever grateful to my beloved parents; Papah and Mamah, for their never ending love and pray. I also thank my brothers; Rio, Wiro, and Deden for they are my muse, my motivator, and my strength. My special gratitude goes to my beloved kaki kereta squad: Ici, Lenny, Ari, and Yopy. My halu girls: Vita, Ayu, Oriza, Yudea, and Bertha for accompanying me through my ups and downs. My another special Io for always makes me laugh happily and recommends the best song to rise my mood so that I am passionate about writing my thesis. The last but not least, I dedicate my gratitude to all my friends in English Letters Sanata Dharma batch 2015 and those who have been colouring and giving tune to my campus life. ~Sita Permatasari~ ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................................ ii APPROVAL PAGE ............................................................................................. iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE .........................................................................................iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH...v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ....................................................................vi MOTTO PAGE ................................................................................................... vii DEDICATION PAGE ........................................................................................ viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... x ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... xii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study .............................................................................. 1 B. Problem Formulation.................................................................................... 3 C. Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 4 D. Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ..................................................... 5 A. Review of Related Studies ........................................................................... 5 B. Review of Related Theories ......................................................................... 9 1. Theory of Character and Characterization ............................................. 9 2. Theory of Multiple Personality Disorder .............................................11 3. Theory of the Id, Ego, and Superego....................................................12 4. Theory of Defense Mechanism ............................................................ 13 C. Theoretical Framework .............................................................................. 16 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ................................................................... 18 A. Object of the Study..................................................................................... 18 B. Approach of the Study ............................................................................... 19 C. Method of the Study ................................................................................... 20 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ................................................................................ 22 A. The Characterization of Dr. Jekyll ............................................................. 22 B. The Characterization of Mr. Hyde ............................................................. 28 C. Mr. Hyde as Dr. Jekyll’s Defense Mechanism .......................................... 33 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ........................................................................... 42 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................... 45 APPENDIX ........................................................................................................... 47 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT BUI, Rr. STEPHANIE WARSITA PERMATASARI. (2019). Mr. Hyde as Dr. Jekyll’s Defense Mechanism in Robert Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. This undergraduate thesis aims to analyze defense mechanism which occurs in the character Dr. Jekyll in the novel by Robert Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. In this novel, the main character is so obsessed with the idea to split the good side and bad side of human nature. He made an experiment and used the drug for himself. The researcher used a psychoanalytic approach to answer the questions that have been formulated into three main objectives of the study. The first objective is to describe the characteristics of Dr. Jekyll as the main character in the novel. The second objective is to identify the characteristics of Mr. Hyde as Dr. Jekyll’s other personality. The last objective is to analyze how defense mechanism happens in Dr. Jekyll’s case. In order to answer those questions, the researcher applied library research method. Firstly, the researcher used the main resource which is the printed book of the novel The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Secondly, the researcher formulated three main questions as problem formulation and used the psychoanalytic theory as the guideline. Thirdly, the researcher applied some theories to analyze the problem formulations. The theories are Character and Characterization, Multiple Personality Disorder, Id, Ego, and Superego, and last the theory of Defense Mechanism. Fourthly, the researcher drew the conclusion. Based on the analysis, Dr. Jekyll is depicted as a perfectionist, handsome, and rich middle-aged man respected by everyone in his society. He is also a hypocrite because he wants to look perfect in the eyes of the society. However, he is longing for freedom to find happiness. Whereas, Mr. Hyde is someone who is very disliked by the people around him. He has very bad physical characteristics. He is short and untidy. He is also very evil and cruel. There are three types of defense mechanism that Jekyll uses. First is denial which is he refuses to obey the values of society that makes him uncomfortable. The next is rationalization which is the reason for making his mistakes to be accepted. The third is dissociation which is using other character (Mr. Hyde) to help him cope with the problems he cannot face. Keywords: defense mechanism, Freudian psychoanalysis, Robert Stevenson, Jekyll and Hyde xii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK BUI, Rr. STEPHANIE WARSITA PERMATASARI. (2019). Mr. Hyde as Dr. Jekyll Defense Mechanism in Robert Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Skripsi