PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ELSA’S SELF-ACCEPTANCE AS THE RESULT OF HER DEFENSE MECHANISM IN JENNIFER LEE’S FROZEN AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By LUDIA NATALIA GRACE KAOMANENG Student Number: 164214076 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2020 1 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ELSA’S SELF-ACCEPTANCE AS THE RESULT OF HER DEFENSE MECHANISM IN JENNIFER LEE’S FROZEN AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By LUDIA NATALIA GRACE KAOMANENG Student Number: 164214076 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS UNIVERSITAS SANATA DHARMA YOGYAKARTA 2020 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI I have many faults and I have many fears, but I am going to embrace myself as hard as I can, and I am starting to love myself, little by little. -Kim Nam Joon- vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI For my beloved family and my lovely seven viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I want to thank God for His grace and His blessing. Through Him, I can go through all of the trials in my life. He gives me hope through my family and those around me. His love never fails to amaze me. My deepest gratitude for my thesis advisor, Dra. Theresia Enny Aggraini, Ph.D., and also to my co-advisor, Dr. Tatang Iskarna for the patience advice, and guidance. Hence, I can finish this research. I thank my family for always supporting me in completing my studies, especially to my parents. Thank you for still loving me. For my sisters and my brother-in-law, thank you for everything. Then, to Melinda, Dinda, Vinny, Prisca, and Yosephine. Thank you for coloring the journey of my life. Ludia Natalia Grace Kaomaneng ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE .................................................................................................................. ii APPROVAL PAGE ....................................................................................................... iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ...................................................................................................iv STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ................................................................................ v LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH...............vi MOTTO PAGE ............................................................................................................. vii DEDICATION PAGE .................................................................................................. viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................ix TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................. x LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................... xii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. xiii ABSTRAK ...................................................................................................................... xiv CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ........................................................................................ 1 B. Problem Formulation.............................................................................................. 3 C. Objectives of the Study .......................................................................................... 3 D. Definition of Terms ................................................................................................ 3 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................................ 5 A. Review of Related Studies ..................................................................................... 5 B. Review of Related Theories ................................................................................. 10 1. Theory of Characters and Characterization ................................................... 10 2. Theory of Defense Mechanism ...................................................................... 12 3. Theory of Self-Acceptance ............................................................................ 14 C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................ 16 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ............................................................................. 18 A. Object of the Study ............................................................................................... 18 B. Approach of the Study .......................................................................................... 20 C. Method of the Study ............................................................................................. 21 x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS .......................................................................................... 22 A. The Description of Elsa ........................................................................................ 22 B. The Defense Mechanisms of Elsa ........................................................................ 42 C. The Process of Elsa’s Self-Acceptance ................................................................. 49 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ..................................................................................... 54 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 58 xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI LIST OF FIGURES No. Figure Page 1. Figure 1. Elsa's desperate emotion 25 2. Figure 2. Elsa is in isolation 25 3. Figure 3. Elsa's expression when arguing with Anna 30 4. Figure 4. Elsa's relation with her surroundings 37 5. Figure 5. Elsa's icy powers blend together with the wind 38 6. Figure 6. Elsa's creates Olaf's storm clouds 41 xii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT KAOMANENG, LUDIA NATALIA GRACE. (2020). Elsa’s Self-Acceptance as the Result of Her Defense Mechanism in Jennifer Lee’s Frozen.Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Film is an art that attempts to convey a message behind the story of its characters. Frozen is one of the examples that tell about the story of its character. Frozen presents a big role in portraying the society or situation that happens within the society. In Frozen, Elsa experiences a problem in hiding her powers. In this study, defense mechanisms and self-acceptance become the main concern of analyzing how Elsa solve her problems related to her own powers by achieving self-acceptance in Frozen. The researcher formulates three problems in this study. The first one is to examine the characteristics of Elsa in Frozen. The second is to identify the defense mechanisms of Elsa in Frozen. The third is to analyze Elsa’s self-acceptance through the defense mechanism in Frozen. To analyze the problem formulated above, the researcher uses theory of character and characterization from M. Boggs and W. Petrie, theory of defense mechanism by Anna Freud, and the last is the theory of self-acceptance by Carl Rogers. In conducting the study, the researcher uses library research. The primary source is the film script of Frozen written by Jennifer Lee. Secondary source consists of books, journals, thesis, and articles. The result of the study are first, Elsa’s characteristics are obedient, protective, independent, and perceptive. Second, Elsa’s defense mechanisms are denial, regression, acting out, fixation, projection, and repression. Furthermore, the defense that highlights the important part where Elsa discovers the understanding of herself and begin her journey to self-acceptance is defense mechanism of repression. The last is Elsa’s self-acceptance. She is able to accept her negative impulses and attitudes. She begins to show good sign towards the perception of new relationship. She can find a renewed view of reality. She is able to adjust with the reality that her powers are parts of her that can bring happiness in embracing everyone that she loves. Keywords: characteristics, defense mechanisms, self-acceptance. xiii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK KAOMANENG, LUDIA NATALIA GRACE. (2020). Elsa’s Self-Acceptance as the Result of Her Defense Mechanism in Jennifer Lee’s Frozen. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Universitas Sanata Dharma. Film adalah seni yang menyampaikan pesan di balik kisah karakternya. Frozen adalah salah satu contoh yang menghadirkan peran besar dalam mnggambarkan situasi yang terjadi dalam masyarakat. Di film Frozen, Elsa megalami masalah dalam menyembunyikan kekuatannya. Di dalam penelitian ini, Mekanisme pertahanan dan penerimaan diri menjadi perhatian utama dalam menganalisis bagaimana Elsa memecahkan masalah yang terkait dengan kekuatannya sendiri denagn mencapai penerimaan diri di Frozen. Peneliti merumuskan tiga masalah dalam penelitian ini. Rumusan pertama adalah menganalisis karakteristik Elsa dalam Frozen. Rumusan yang kedua adalah mengidentifikasi mekanisme pertahanan Elsa di Frozen. Rumusan yang ketiga adalah menganalisis