Federal Republic of Nigeria Public Disclosure Authorized THE NIGERIA EROSION AND WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized (NEWMAP) FINAL REPORT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) for Nyangasang II Gully Erosion Site in Calabar, Cross River State Public Disclosure Authorized State Project Management Unit (SPMU) Cross River State, Calabar Public Disclosure Authorized TABLE OF CONTENTS Federal Republic of Nigeria ..................................................................................................... 0 LIST OF ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................... 6 UNITS OF MEASURE ..................................................................................................................... 7 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... 8 LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... 10 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. 12 Description of Project Activities .......................................................................................... 12 Existing Safeguard Instruments and Rationale for the ESMP ..................................... 12 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ................................................................... 12 Biophysical Environment ....................................................................................................... 12 Socio-Economic Characteristics ......................................................................................... 13 Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Impact and Analysis of Alternatives ........ 13 CHAPTER ONE .............................................................................................................................. 15 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................ 15 1.1 Background ......................................................................................................................... 15 1.2 Description of the Proposed Intervention ....................................................................... 16 1.3 Rationale for ESMP ........................................................................................................... 19 1.4 Rationale for the study ....................................................................................................... 20 1.5 Scope of Work .................................................................................................................... 21 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................................. 23 INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK .......................................................................... 23 2.1 World Bank Safeguard Policies Triggered by NEWMAP Projects ............................. 23 2.1.1 Environmental Assessment (EA) OP 4.01 ............................................................. 23 2.1.2 Natural Habitats (OP 4.04)........................................................................................ 24 2.1.3 Pest Management (OP 4.09) .................................................................................... 24 2.1.4 Forest (OP 4.36) ......................................................................................................... 25 2.1.5 Physical Cultural Resources (OP 4.11) .................................................................. 25 2.1.6 Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12) ........................................................................ 26 2.1.7 Safety of Dams OP 4.37 ............................................................................................ 26 2.1.8 Projects on International Waterways OP 7.50 ....................................................... 27 2.2 Federal Policy, Legal, Regulatory and Administrative Frameworks ........................... 27 2.2.1 The Federal Ministry of Environment ...................................................................... 27 2.2.2 The National Policy on the Environment (NPE) of 1989 ...................................... 28 1 | P a g e Nyangasang ESMP R e p o r t 2.2.3 Environmental Impact Assessment Act No. 86, 1992 (FMEnv) .......................... 29 2.2.4 The National Guidelines and Standards for Environmental Pollution Control In Nigeria 29 2.2.5 The National Effluents Limitations Regulation ....................................................... 29 2.2.6 The NEP (Pollution Abatement in Industries and Facilities Generating Waste) Regulations ................................................................................................................................. 29 2.2.7 The Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Regulations ........................ 29 2.2.8 National Guidelines on Environmental Management Systems (1999) .............. 30 2.2.9 National Guidelines for Environmental Audit ......................................................... 30 2.2.10 National Policy on Flood and Erosion Control 2006 (FMEnv) ............................. 30 2.2.11 National Air Quality Standard Decree No. 59 of 1991 .......................................... 30 2.2.12 The National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency Act 2007 (NESREA Act) ............................................................................................................ 30 2.2.13 The National Oil Spill Detection and Response Agency Act 2005 (NOSDRA ACT) 31 2.3 Other Relevant Acts and Legislations at Federal Level ............................................... 31 2.3.1 Land Use Act of 1978 ................................................................................................ 31 2.3.2 Forestry Act ................................................................................................................. 31 2.3.3 Criminal Code ............................................................................................................. 32 2.3.4 Nigeria Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) .......................................................... 33 2.4 State Legislations ............................................................................................................... 33 2.4.1 Cross River State Legislations ................................................................................. 33 2.4.2 Cross River State Ministry of Environment and Public Utilities ........................... 34 2.4.3 Cross River State Waste Management Board (CRSWMB) ................................. 35 CHAPTER THREE ...................................................................................................................36 GENERAL METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................................36 3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 36 3.2 ESMP Requirements ......................................................................................................... 37 3.2.1 Screening ..................................................................................................................... 37 3.2.2 Scoping ........................................................................................................................ 38 3.3 ESMP Process .................................................................................................................... 38 3.4 Baseline Study Methodology ............................................................................................ 39 3.5 Existing Conditions ............................................................................................................. 39 3.6 Mapping of the Project Area ............................................................................................. 39 3.7 Socio-economic Survey ..................................................................................................... 40 2 | P a g e Nyangasang ESMP R e p o r t 3.7.1 Data Collection and sampling methodology ........................................................... 41 3.8 Impact Significance Assessment .................................................................................... 43 3.8.2 Method for Determining Event Magnitude .............................................................. 44 3.8.3 Method for Determining Receptor Sensitivity ......................................................... 44 3.9 Trans-boundary and Cumulative Impacts ...................................................................... 45 3.10 Mitigation and Monitoring .................................................................................................. 46 CHAPTER FOUR .....................................................................................................................47 BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ..............................................................................................47 4.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 47 4.1 Study Area/Description of gully site ................................................................................