source _______________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ TRANSLATION AS METAPHOR, METAFICTION, AND PLOT DEVICE IN SHAKESPEARE, CERVANTES, AND UMBERTO ECO Alonso Quijano becoming unhinged by books of chivalry. One of the engravings from Gustave Doré’s illustration of the 1863 edition of Cervantes’ Don Quixote. PLUS LYDIA RAZRAN STONE ON HER TRANSLATION OF PYOTR YERSHOV’S THE LITTLE HUMPBACKED HORSE IN THIS ISSUE FROM THE EDITORS................................................................... 3 SUBMISSION GUIDELINES......................................................... 4 LETTER FROM THE LD ADMINISTRATOR............................... 5 READERS’ CORNER UPDATES......................................................... 7 WHY CERVANTES CLAIMED HE DIDN’T WRITE DON QUIXOTE........................................................................................ 9 By Sue Burke CERVANTES AND UMBERTO ECO, LOST AND FOUND MANUSCRIPTS, TRANSLATION AND ANARCHY................. 13 By Patrick Saari TRANSLATION AS A THEME IN SHAKESPEARE’S PLAYS... 24 By Alexa Huang PYOTR YERSHOV’S THE LITTLE HUMPBACKED HORSE................ 33 An Interview with Lydia Razran Stone BY THE WAY................................................................................ 43 MEMORIES OF LA MANCHA By Tony Beckwith CREDITS...................................................................................... 49 BTW Cartoons by Tony Beckwith © Copyright 2015 ATA except as noted. SOURCE 2 FALL 2015 From the Editors n the Spanish Golden Age and Elizabethan England, the two Itowering figures who now deserve our attention for the impending celebrations of the 400th anniversary of their deaths in 1616, Cervantes and Shakespeare, took translation so seriously they even made jokes of it. Not one to lag behind, Umberto Eco picked up centuries of slack by jokingly claiming that his bestseller was also but a translation. In this issue, curated by Patrick Saari, Sue Burke explains the inspiration behind Cervantes’ mischievous metafiction that his novel Don Quixote was a true story written in a foreign language (Arabic) and Michele Aynesworth translated into Spanish. Patrick examines this metafiction even further, Editor-in-Chief again in Cervantes but also in Umberto Eco’s The Name of the Rose, and finds that translation may not be such a laughing matter after all. Alexa Huang not only highlights the wide variety of translated works that were at the origin of many of Shakespeare’s plays, but also looks at Shakespeare’s use of translation as a metaphor for comical and political effect throughout his plays. In a contemporary bilingual Mandarin Chinese and English production of King Lear, translation becomes the central plot device to speak of communication gaps, cultural divides, and tragedy. Tony Beckwith, in his “By the Way” column, is inspired by Tony Beckwith memories of La Mancha to take us on a stream-of-consciousness Associate Editor journey through the heart of Spain. In our interview for this issue, Lydia Razra Stone talks about translating Russian poetry into English and how a light-hearted fairy tale, The Little Humpbacked Horse, viewed as children’s literature, made fun of the Tsar and his henchmen in the nineteenth century. LD Administrator Mercedes Guhl’s Letter from the Administrator speaks about literary track activities for ATA’s upcoming Annual Conference in Miami. Post-Miami Winter Issue: Patrick Saari Our next issue will focus on events and news from ATA’s Annual Chief Copyeditor Conference in Miami, November 4-7. The submission deadline is November 21. News, reviews, photos, and video links are encouraged! About the Editors Michele Aynesworth specializes in translating Argentine and French authors. E-mail: [email protected]. Tony Beckwith, a native of South America’s Southern Cone, resides in Austin, where he works as a writer, translator, poet, and cartoonist. E-mail: [email protected]. Patrick Saari writes, translates, edits and interprets in English, French and Spanish. E-mail: [email protected]. Special thanks to Jamie Padula for proofreading and to Literary Division Administrators Mercedes Guhl and Josefina Iannello for their support. SOURCE 3 FALL 2015 For the Winter Issue Our next issue will focus on events, news, and inspiration from ATA’s Annual Conference in Miami, November 4-7. The submission deadline is November 21. As its nickname, the Capital of Latin America, implies, Miami includes a sizeable percentage of Latinos from the Caribbean and the rest of the continent. It is the quintessential port city, a bridge connecting cul- tures, and as such is a hotbed of art, language, and literature. News, reviews, and interviews, as well as photos and video links relating to the conference or to culture in Miami are encouraged! SUBMISSION GUIDELINES As the journal of the ATA’s Literary Division, Source is both a forum for the discussion of literary translation and a vehicle for LD members and guest contributors to publish their work. Novice translators, as well as those with more experience, are encouraged to submit translations of poetry and prose together with their meditations on the process. We are also constantly on the lookout for submissions from Asia, Africa, and all other less frequently represented cultures. Submit articles up to 1600 words, Word or text file, single- spaced. Palatino Linotype size 14 with indented paragraphs (1 tab), no line breaks between paragraphs and no word breaks. Unjustified righthand margin. Endnotes please, not footnotes. Please include a brief, factual bio and photograph. Links and illustrations, etc., are encouraged. Submissions may be edited. Submissions go to [email protected] Submissions deadline for the Winter issue: Novbember 21. Source is published by ATA’s Literary Division. American Translators Association 225 Reinekers Lane, Suite 590 Alexandria, VA 22314 All previously unpublished material copyright © the respective authors. SOURCE 4 FALL 2015 Letter from the LD Administrator ear LD members, process of creating a literary DThis year’s ATA Annual work, as well as the connections Conference (November between the two. 4-7), that annual gathering On Friday November to meet up once again with 6th, the two sessions centering fellow colleagues, is rapidly on case studies will explore not approaching. Let’s take a only the process of translation look at what’s on offer for but also translation’s place literary translators, both within the book industry. The aspiring and experienced. focus will be on topics related The literary track program is to reception and success of the Mercedes Guhl quite varied, although we will translated text and also to the LD Administrator not have as many sessions as nuts and bolts of working for a is a freelance in previous years. In the pre- Mercedes Guhl publisher, negotiations, work- English into Spanish translator. conference seminars for 2015, flow, and team work. Interest- She has over twenty years’ the spotlight moved to other ingly enough, none of them experience translating for the fields of translation, which is deal with fiction or poetry, the book industry in Latin America, fair enough since we had two obvious texts when we think of mainly translating books for last year. So you can have that literary translation, but rather young readers and academic first day free from conference with essays, which are often research in humanities. duties, either for getting to disregarded as literary works in Miami or for enjoying some their own right. One of them is of our recommended sites in Thomas Picketty’s Capital in the the literary mini-guide, which Twenty-First Century published will be available by the end of in English by Harvard Universi- September. You will get news ty Press and the other is a trav- of it through our social media elogue by Daniel Vaugelade, and the Literary Division’s Comments on the North American webpage. Travels of La Rochefoucauld-Lian- On Thursday November court: 1794–1798, whose English Josefina Iannello 5th, we have three sessions translation is being published LD Assistant Administrator dealing with various problems by Commonwealth Books of of literary translation from Virginia. Another reason to Josefina Iannello is a translator from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Her Chinese, Arabic, Kurdish, attend one or both sessions is working languages are English, French from different parts of la that essays and non-fiction form French, and Spanish. She currently francophonie, and Spanish. The the core of potential translation lives in Los Angeles, where she presenters will analyze both the projects with university presses. focuses mostly on subtitling. process of translation and the SOURCE 5 FALL 2015 On Saturday morning we have evening from 9:00 to 11:00, the only the cherry on the cake: our Division non-educational event of the whole Distinguished Speaker, Esther Allen, conference that is directly related to will be discussing the timely subject translation! Come and enjoy the work of the normalization of US-Cuban of our fellow translators, or prepare relations and its impact on translation, one of your texts for the reading. not only in the literal sense but also ATA has organized a small in more symbolic approaches like the book fair: the Book Splash. On Friday contact between cultures that result early evening you will be able to from globalization, changing them