AMH 1010: History of the United States I Study Guide: Chapter #15: Secession and the Civil War, 1860-1862 Terms/Concepts/Events “fire-eaters” Election of 1860 swing states (or “battleground states”) Wide-Awake clubs Ordinances of Secession – Charleston (actually Buford), South Carolina Crittenden Compromise Fort Moultrie & Fort Sumter Lower & Upper South Border states “bushwhackers” & “jayhawkers” West Virginia Union strengths & weaknesses Confederate strengths & weaknesses rifles & rifling technology & the Civil War - railroads - steamships - telegraph - torpedoes - iron clad warships - combat submarines - gattling guns Legal Tender Act & “greenbacks” National Banking Act blockade, “blockade runners” & the Anaconda strategy King Cotton & Southern diplomacy commerce raiders (or privateers): the C.S.S. Florida & C.S.S. Alabama “Forward to Richmond” & 1st Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) Battle of Shiloh & Pittsburg Landing The Peninsula Campaign, Battle of Seven Pines & the Seven Days’ Battles 2nd Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) Individuals Senator Stephen Douglas & the Democratic nomination of 1860 William Yancey, Edmund Ruffin & the League of United Southerners William H. Seward President Abraham Lincoln Alexander H. Stephens Jefferson Davis President James Buchanan Major Robert Anderson & General Pierre G.T. Beauregard Nathaniel Lyon William Quantrill, Frank & Jesse James and James & Cole Younger Captain Charles Wilkes, James Mason, John Slidell & the Trent Affair Raphael Semmes General Winfield Scott General Irwin McDowell General Joseph E. Johnston Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson & “Jackson’s foot cavalry” General George B. McClellan “The Young Napoleon” & the Army of the Potomac David G. Farragut, “Damn the torpodeos” & the capture of New Orleans General U.S. (“Unconditional Surrender”) Grant and Forts Henry & Donelson General Albert Sydney Johnston Nathan Bedford Forrest Dates to Know 1860 Abraham Lincoln elected the 16th President of the United States, and South Carolina seceded from the Union. 1861 Rest of southern states seceded from the Union, Fort Sumter fell and the 1st Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) ended in resounding Confederate victory. 1862 Congress passed the Legal Tender Act (which printed America’s first “greenbacks”), Battle of Hampton Roads between the C.S.S. Virginia and the U.S.S. Monitor resulted in a draw and General Robert E. Lee and the Army of Virginia invaded Maryland. .