THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF LAZARILLO DE TORMES THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES GUZMAN D'ALFARACHE DAIXANTYNE, HANSON AND CO. EDINBURGH AND LONDON MENDOZA—MATEO ALEMAN THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES LAZARILLO DE TORMES TRANSLATED FROM THE SPANISH OF DON DIEGO HVRTADO DE MENDOZA BY THOMAS ROSCOE THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF GUZMAN D'ALFARACHE OR THE SPANISH ROGUE BY MATEO ALEMAN FROM THE FRENCH EDITION OF LE SAGE BY JOHN HENRY BRADY OSitfc <£ig$t ffirigtnal <£tc$tag* %; 3R. at Hot !U«* INTWOVOLUMpS-tVOLii. % ' .. " .- ' .:. :.., .... ...-••*••. : •• * .« • LONDON J. C. NIMMO AND BAIN M» KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND, W.C 1881 618116 CONTENTS OF VOL. I. PAGE THE LIFE OF MENDOZA ....... i LAZARILLO DE TORMES. CHAPTER I. Introduction ........ 9 II. How Lazaro entered into the service of a Priest, and what ensued ......... 25 III. How Lazaro became the Servant of an Esquire, and what happened to him in that Service ... 41 IV. How Lazaro Served a Friar of La Merced, and what happened to him ....... 65 V. How Lazaro Served a Bulero, and what took place . 66 VI. How Lazaro agreed to Serve a Chaplain, and how he Fared ........ 73 VII. How Lazaro agreed to Serve an Alguazil, and of what ensued ...... ... 74 VIII. Lazaro's Account of the Friendship he formed in Toledo with some Germans, and of what passed between them ....... 7^ GUZMAN D'ALFARACHE. MATEO ALEMAN ......... 83 I. Introduction 85 II. Of the Parents of Guzman, but more particularly of his Father 89 III. Guzman relates how his Father makes an acquaint- ance with a Lady, with the consequences thereof . 96 IV. Guzman's Father gets Married, and Dies : what fol- lowed his Death 107 vi CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE V. Guzman sets out from Seville. His first Adventure at an Inn . .113 VI. Guzman meets with a Muleteer and two Friars ; of their Conversation ; and in what manner the Mule- teer and he were Regaled at an Inn at Cantillana 118 VII. The Landlord steals Guzman's Cloak. A Great Uproar at the Inn 133 VIII. Guzman and the Muleteer meet with another Misfor- tune .... 139 IX. The Amour of Ozmin and the beautiful Daraxa . 150 X. Guzman becomes an Innkeeper's Boy . 259 XL Guzman becomes disgusted with his Situation, leaves the Inn, and repairs to Madrid, where he asso- ciates with some Beggars ..... 269 XII. Guzman is engaged by a Cook .... 273 XIII. From the Service of the Cook, Guzman returns to the Begging Trade, and Robs an Apothecary . 288 XIV. Guzman on his way to Toledo meets with a Young Man : what passed between them . 296 XV. Guzman arrives at Toledo, and acts the Man of Fortune there. Some Account of his Gallantries 302 XVI. Guzman's Amours continued, and in what Manner they ended 318 XVII. Guzman takes a False Alarm and leaves Toledo pre- cipitately. Another Gallantry. Origin of the Proverb, "At Malagon, a Thief in every House, but in that of the Alcaid Two, the Father and the Son" 326 XVIII. Guzman offers himself to serve in the Company newly raised. His Reception by the Captain, and how they afterwards lived together .... 333 XIX, Guzman proceeds with the Company to Barcelona, where he plays a Trick upon a Jeweller, and embarks for Italy ...... 342 XX. Guzman, having arrived at Genoa, resolves to present himself before his Kindred there. How he was received by them. 350 THE LIFE OF MENDOZA. THE LIFE OF MENDOZA. DON DIEGO HURTADO DE MENDOZA was born at the commencement of the sixteenth century, in the city of Granada, and not, as erroneously asserted by some writers, at Toledo. His father, Don Lopez de Mendoza, was Count of Montillas, and subsequently Marquis de Mondessar, the same who so highly dis- tinguished himself in the service of Ferdinand and Isabella at the surrender of Granada, of which place he was made governor, being the first on whom that dignity had been conferred since the downfall of the Moorish empire in Spain. His son, Don Diego, received his education at the university of Salamanca, where, besides civil and canon law, he studied the sciences and the learned languages. Having finished his education, he passed into Italy, and joined the army of the Emperor Charles the Fifth. There, as it is observed by Nicolas Antonio, he, like Scipio, devoted himself at once to literature and to war; " inter arma atque studia versatus, aut corpus periculis, aut animum disciplinis exercebat." During the cessation of hostilities, he retired in the VOL. I. A 2 THE LIFE OF MENDOZA. ensuing winter to Rome or Padua, where he resumed the cultivation of letters, and at once elevated his imagination and improved his taste, by examining the wonderful productions of Italian art. The superiority of Mendoza's genius, combined with the solidity of his judgment, and his prompti- tude of action, soon attracted towards him the atten- tion of his royal master, who confided to him an important embassy to the city of Venice. In the same capacity he subsequently went, on several occa- sions, to Rome, where he acquitted himself in some delicate and arduous affairs with so much skill and firmness as to merit the additional confidence of his own court. At the famous Council of Trent, which was not, as some writers have supposed, composed merely of bishops and ecclesiastics, met to discuss the doctrine and discipline of the Church, but with the views of a political congress engaged in carrying the respective interests and objects of different states in competition with rival diplomatists, requiring the utmost capacity and penetration in their several representatives, Don Diego equally distinguished himself among the best of his age—an age when monarchs like Charles V., Henry VIII., and Francis I. swayed the sceptres of European power. On one occasion, it has been, erroneously we believe, asserted of Don Diego, that, being earnestly engaged in disputing some point with the Cardinal de Santa Cruz, he threatened, on the provocation of the moment, to throw that prelate into the Adige, if he longer persisted in requiring the THE LIFE OF MENDOZA. 3 dissolution of the congress. In the year 1547, after the dissolution of the Council, he returned to Rome from his governorship of Senar, which had been con- ferred upon him by Charles the Fifth, as upon one whose judgment and firmness best enabled him to restrain the turbulent disposition of its inhabitants. At Rome, Mendoza appeared in the conclave of cardinals, where he made a vigorous appeal in support of the Emperor's views in presence of the whole con- sistorial court and the foreign ambassadors. In reply, the Pope informed him that he should have an answer in the same session of the court; and this was in fact given by Cardinal Pole, who rebuked him for the vehemence of his protest, imputing it wholly to the violent temper of the Emperor's plenipotentiary. The last, however, as vehemently denied that he had exceeded his powers, and required instant recog- nition of his deputed authority, and the claims he had already advanced. The Pope, incensed at the Spaniard's temerity, and confiding in his league with the French court, threatened Don Diego with his high displeasure, observing, " See to it, sir, that while you remain in my house, you do not too far presume." To this the ambassador replied with noble spirit, " I am a cavalier, my father was one before me, and as such it is my duty to fulfil the commands of my royal master, without any fear of your Holi- ness, so long as I observe due reverence to the vice- gerent of Christ. I am minister to the King of Spain, and my residence is wheresoever it may please him to order my route; and here as there, I am, as 4 THE LIFE OF MENDOZA. his representative, safe even from your Holiness's dis- pleasure." After the death of Paul III., Don Diego continued to act in the same capacity for his master under his successor, Julius III., who, in a bull dated 1550, re-established the Council of Trent. The year following, Don Diego was recalled from his embassy at Rome, and in 1553 was commissioned by Charles to prevent the departure of Cardinal Pole from Rome into England, which he succeeded in doing. Under Philip II., Don Diego's services were not so highly estimated, and he lived in comparative retire- ment, till finally, in the year 1565, he was banished from the court on account of having drawn his sword in the king's palace in order to defend himself against the attack of another knight who sought his life. He then withdrew to Granada, where he employed himself in his celebrated history of the " War against the Moors," which was continued from the year 1568 down to 1570—a period when his brother, Don Inigo de Mendoza, was captain-general of that province. Finally, in 1574, he obtained permission to return to Madrid, where he died soon after his arrival. Litera- ture owes -no few obligations to this distinguished writer; he spared no pains to transport learned works and manuscripts from the East, availing him- self of his influence with the Sultan Solyman, and of his knowledge acquired from two excellent Greek scholars, named Arnoldo Artemio and Nicholas Sofiano. In the literature of his own country, he stands conspicuous among the few extraordinary men who reflected lustre upon the age in which they lived. THE LIFE OF MEN DO Z A. 5 A patron of science, indefatigable in his pursuit of liberal studies — distinguished alike in the cabinet and in the field—profoundly versed in the philosophy, as in the languages of the ancients—in geography, history, and the belles lettres, he signalised himself equally as a poet, an historian, and a moralist; he was at once the first statesman and most liberal patron of his age.