Studia mythologica Slavica ISSN 1408-6271 Uredniški svet / Consiglio di redazione / Advisiory Board Natka Badurina (Università degli Studi di Udine), Nikos Čausidis (Univerzitet Sv. Kiril i Metodi, Skopje), Pietro U. Dini (Università degli Studi di Pisa), Remo Faccani (Università degli Studi di Udine), Stefano Garzonio (Università degli Studi di Pisa), Larisa Fialkova (University of Haifa), Janina Kursīte (Univerza v Rigi), Nijolė Laurinkienė (Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, Vilnius), Mirjam Mencej (Univerza v Ljubljani), Ljubinko Radenković (SANU, Beograd), Zmago Šmitek (Univerza v Ljubljani), Svetlana Tolstaja (Institut slavjanovedenija Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, Moskva), Giorgio Ziff er (Università degli Studi di Udine) Uredništvo / Redazione / Editorial Board Monika Kropej (odgovorna urednica/curatrice/Editor-in-Chief) ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za slovensko narodopisje, Novi trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija/Slovenia E-mail: [email protected] Andrej Pleterski (odgovorni urednik/curatore/Editor-in-Chief) ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za arheologijo, Novi trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija/Slovenia E-mail: [email protected] Roberto Dapit Università degli Studi di Udine, Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Straniere, Italija/Italia Via Mantica 3, 33100 Udine E-mail: [email protected] Vlado Nartnik ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša, Novi trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija/ Slovenia E-mail: [email protected] Izdajata / Pubblicato da / Published by Znanstvenoraziskovalni center Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti, Inštitut za slovensko narodopisje, Ljubljana, Slovenija in / e / and Università degli Studi di Udine, Dipartimento di Lingue e Letterature Straniere, Udine, Italia Spletna stran / Sito internet / Website http://sms.zrc-sazu.si/ Izhaja s podporo Agencije za raziskovalno dejavnost RS / Pubblicato con il sostegno fi nanziario dell’ Agenzia per la ricerca scientifi ca della Repubblica di Slovenia / Published with the support of the Slovenian Research Agency in / e / and Mednarodne ustanove Forum slovanskih kultur / International Foundation Forum of Slavic Cultures Studia mythologica Slavica is included in the following databases: Ulrich’s International Perio- dicals Directory; MLA Bibliography; Sachkatalog der Bibliothek - RGK des DAI; IBZ; FRANCIS; HJG (Th e History Journals Guide); OCLE; INIST; INTUTE: Arts and Humanities UK. Slika na zadnji strani ovitka / Fotografi a sul retro della copertina / Back cover photo: »Perun« na loncu, Wyszogrod, Poljska (Foto: Andrzej W. Moszczyński) / »Perun« su un vaso di Wyszogrod, Polonia (Foto: Andrzej W. Moszczyński) / »Perun« a pot from Wyszogrod, Poland (Photo: Andrzej W. Moszczyński) Tisk / Stampato da / Printed by Tiskarna Present d. o. o., Ljubljana © ZRC SAZU, Inštitut za slovensko narodopisje STUDIASTUDIA MYTHOLOGICAMYTHOLOGICA SLAVICASLAVICA XV 2012 ZNANSTVENORAZISKOVALNI CENTER SLOVENSKE AKADEMIJE ZNANOSTI IN UMETNOSTI INŠTITUT ZA SLOVENSKO NARODOPISJE, LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIJA UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI UDINE DIPARTIMENTO DI LINGUE E LETTERATURE STRANIERE, UDINE, ITALIA LJUBLJANA 2012 ssms-15.indbms-15.indb 4 116.8.20126.8.2012 110:17:060:17:06 Vsebina Indice Contents SLOVANSKA MITOLOGIJA –VIRI IN REKONSTRUKCIJE .............................................7 MITOLOGIA SLAVA –FONTI E RICOSTRUZIONI ............................................................7 SLAVIC MYTHOLOGY –SOURCES AND RECONSTRUCTIONS ..................................7 Boštjan Odar: Potočka zijavka. Fertility Rites in Th e Raining Cave ......................................9 Jiří J. Mareš: Determination of Cardinal Directions and the Gesture of Orant ................35 Radoslav Katičić: Vražje oko ....................................................................................................59 Andrej Pleterski, Goran Pavel Šantek: Baba Babnega polja .................................................63 Naďa Profantová: Pohanský idol z Kouřimi, Česká republika .............................................79 Никос Чаусидис: Предилката со зоо-антропоморфни и демонски обележја во словенските митски традиции.......................................................................................91 Mario Katić: Prilog istraživanju običaja obilježavanja mjesta odmaranja s pokojnikom .................................................................................................................... 117 RAZISKOVALNE METODE IN INTERPRETACIJE LJUDSKEGA IZROČILA ......... 135 METODI DI RICERCA E INTERPRETAZIONI DELLA TRADIZIONE POPOLARE 135 RESEARCH METHODS AND INTERPRETATIONS OF FOLK TRADITIONS ........ 135 Martin Golema: Heľuška, Helička, Hela, Mariška, ľalia, kráľka, Ďunďa. Možné textové zdroje veľkopôstnych jarných dievčenských obradov a hier u západných Slovanov .........................................................................................................137 Juan Antonio Álvarez-Pedrosa: Fortune and Fertility Rites among the Pre-Christian Western Slavs ................................................................................................................... 157 Michał Łuczyński: Kognitywna defi nicja Welesa~Wołosa: Etnolingwistyczna próba rekonstrukcji fragmentu słowiańskiego tradycyjnego mitologicznego obrazu świata ................................................................................................................................. 169 Patrice Lajoye: Th ere is no »Perun in the Caucasus«... but maybe an ancient Iranian thunder demon ................................................................................................... 179 Mirjam Mencej: Nadnaravno kaznovanje kršitve prepovedi predenja ........................... 185 Kamil Kajkowski: Th e Boar in the symbolic and religious system of Baltic Slavs in the Early Middle Ages ................................................................................................. 201 Роландас Крегждис: Данные к реконструкции балто-славянского похоронного обряда: кашуб. donota »молоко« (лексико-семантические параллели балто- славянского ареала) .......................................................................................................217 Bojan-Ilija Schnabl: Inkulturacija, fenomen kulturnih procesov na Koroškem .............231 Pavel Šidák: Vodník v české kultuře, zvláště v literatuře ....................................................247 Vlado Nartnik: Barke poljske kraljice ..................................................................................293 SODOBNA MITOLOGIJA ................................................................................................... 303 MITOLOGIA CONTEMPORANEA .................................................................................. 303 CONTEMPORARY MYTHOLOGY ...................................................................................303 Barbara Ivančič Kutin: Ludvik Janež – a storyteller and collector of local folklore stories .................................................................................................................. 305 Ambrož Kvartič: V Hudi luknji straši! – Sodobne povedke o prikazni in njihov kontekst ................................................................................................................. 323 Deniver Vukelić: Problem dvovjerja kao čimbenika hrvatskog kulturnog identiteta ... 343 MITOLOGIJA IN EKOLOGIJA ...........................................................................................365 MITOLOGIA ED ECOLOGIA ............................................................................................ 365 MYTHOLOGY AND ECOLOGY ....................................................................................... 365 Irena Pangeršič: Od abstraktnosti mita o Faroniki do alegorične konkretizacije teorije o Gaji ......................................................................................................................367 RECENZIJE IN POROČILA O KNJIGAH ........................................................................ 383 RECENSIONI DI LIBRI ........................................................................................................383 BOOK REVIEWS ...................................................................................................................383 SLOVANSKA MITOLOGIJA – VIRI IN REKONSTRUKCIJE MITOLOGIA SLAVA – FONTI E RICOSTRUZIONI SLAVIC MYTHOLOGY – SOURCES AND RECONSTRUCTIONS ssms-15.indbms-15.indb 4 116.8.20126.8.2012 110:17:060:17:06 Potočka zijavka Fertility Rites in Th e Raining Cave Boštjan Odar In memoriam Mitja Brodar Potočka zijavka is one of the most mysterious Palaeolithic cave sites in Europe. For the fi rst time it is proposed that in this cave 32-36 thousand years ago fertility rites were performed, worshipping a cave bear as totemic animal. Interestingly, we will not fi nd any other archaeological traces in the cave, not even from the youngest historical periods, ex- cept of a rock-bowl that was hand-carved with chisel. Th ough there is no reliable informa- tion about the origin and meaning of the rock-bowl, another Slovenian cave site off ers a very intriguing explanation about an old Slovene faith and fertility rite. At least in the Late Middle Ages the fertility rite was abandoned in Potočka zijavka, but the cave itself continued to play an important role in Christian religious thought as a sacred place until the 20th Century. Th e most exciting is the idea about the interplay of three basic elements, important for life: earth, water and sun. Th us we can follow the concept of trinity most probably far back into Palaeolithic