International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations Jungfraujoch + Gornergrat Activity Report 2010 International Foundation High Altitude Research Stations Jungfraujoch + Gornergrat Sidlerstrasse 5 CH-3012 Bern / Switzerland Telephone +41 (0)31 631 4052 Fax +41 (0)31 631 4405 URL: http://www.hfsjg.ch February 2011 International Foundation HFSJG Annual Report 2010 Table of contents Message of the President .............................................................................................. i Report of the Director ................................................................................................. iii High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch Statistics on research days 2010 ......................................................................... 1 Long-term experiments and automatic measurements ....................................... 3 Activity reports: . High resolution, solar infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometry, Application to the study of the Earth atmosphere (Institut d’Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, Belgium) .......... 5 . Atmospheric physics and chemistry; Long-term monitoring of trace gases and aerosols at the Jungfraujoch using the MAXDOAS technique, (Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy BIRA-IASB, Belgium) .................. 15 . Validation of retrieval of atmospheric trace gases with Phaethon system using differential optical absorption spectroscopy, (Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) .......... 21 . Active optical remote sensing, LIDAR (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne EPFL, Switzerland) ................................................... 23 . Assessment of high altitude cloud characteristics, CLACE 2010 campaign (Institute for Atmosphere and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland) 25 . Global Atmosphere Watch Radiation Measurements (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology, MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland) ........... 28 . Remote sensing of aerosol optical depth (Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Switzerland) .................... 33 . Longwave Infrared radiative forcing trend assimiliation over Switzerland LIRAS, Cloud Climatology and Surface Radiative Forcing over Switzerland CLASS (Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center, Switzerland) ............................................. 35 . National Air Pollution Monitoring Network, NABEL, (Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland) . 37 . Halogenated greenhouse gases at Jungfraujoch (Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland) .............. 45 . NOy at the interface of planetary boundary layer and the free troposphere from measurements at Jungfraujoch; Trace gas measurements at Jungfraujoch (Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich IACETH, Switzerland) ................................................................................. 52 . High precision carbon dioxide and oxygen measurements (Climate and Environmental Division, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Switzerland) .................................................................................................. 58 . Flask comparison on Jungfraujoch (Max Planck Institut für Biogeochemie, Jena, Germany) ............................................................................................. 62 . Flask comparison on Jungfraujoch (Centre for Isotope Research (CIO), Groningen, The Netherlands) ....................................................................... 66 International Foundation HFSJG Annual Report 2010 . Continuous measurement of stable CO2 isotopes at Jungfraujoch (Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Switzerland) ............................................................................. 68 . The Global Atmosphere Watch Aerosol Program at the Jungfraujoch (Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland) .................................................................................................. 71 . Calibration of Sun and aureole spectrometer systems within the Cloud and Aerosol Characterization Experiment CLACE (Institut für Weltraum- wissenschaften, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany) .................................... 86 . Field measurements of atmospheric ice nuclei and properties of mixed phase clouds, (Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zürich, Switzerland) ..................................................................................... 89 . Single particle analysis of aerosols from Saharan dust events (Department of Geosciences, University of Fribourg, Switzerland) ............ 91 . Aerosols radioactivity monitoring (RADAIR) and DIGITEL (Bundesamt für Gesundheit, Sektion Umweltradioaktivität, Switzerland)....................... 93 . Neutron Monitors – Study of solar and galactic cosmic rays (Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bern, Switzerland) .............................. 100 . Cosmogenic radionuclides in precipitation (Eawag, Switzerland) ............... 104 . Altitude dependence of production rates of cosmogenic nuclides in artificial quartz targets, (Institute of Geology and Institute of Geochemistry and Petrology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland) ............................. 106 . Study of a prototype for a new concept of an EAS detector (Department of Physics, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy) ..................................... 108 14 . Long-term observations of CO2 at Jungfraujoch (Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Heidelberg, Germany) ................... 110 . 85Kr activity determination in tropospheric air (Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Freiburg i.Br., Germany / Climate and Environmental Physics, University of Bern, Switzerland) .................................................... 112 . Quantifying mountain venting of boundary layer air through 222Rn measurements (Institut für Umweltgeowissenschaften, Universität Basel, Switzerland) .................................................................... 115 . Long-term energy yield and reliability of a high alpine PV (photovoltaic) plant at 3454 m (Berner Fachhochschule BFH, Technik und Informatik TI, Photovoltaik Labor, Switzerland) ........................................................... 118 . Low-pressure test on optical devices (Helbling Technik Bern AG, Switzerland) .................................................................................................. 121 . Test-station for outdoor materials (Mammut Sports Group, Switzerland) ... 122 . Long-Term Medical Survey System LTMS-3 (University Hospital Lausanne, Department of Internal Medicine, CSEM Neuchâtel, Switzerland) .................................................................................................. 123 . Towards understanding the importance of biological ice nucleators in rising air (Institut für Umweltgeowissenschaften, Universität Basel, Switzerland) .................................................................................................. 125 . Study of plant temperature (Institute of Botany, University of Basel, Switzerland) .................................................................................................. 127 International Foundation HFSJG Annual Report 2010 . Accelerated release of persistent organic pollutants POPs from Alpine glaciers. Snow chemistry, reconstruction of palaeo atmosphere and climate from high-altitude ice cores. (Laboratory of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland) .................. 131 . Quantitative characterization of the impact of environmental factors on the performance of passive air samplers for semi-volatile organic compounds (Institute for Chemical and Bioingeneering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland) ....................................................... 134 . Glaciological investigations on the Grosser Aletschgletscher (Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie, VAW, ETH Zürich, Switzerland) ............................................................................ 137 . PERMASENSE & PERMOS: Measuring permafrost in Alpine rock walls (Department of Geography, University of Zürich, Switzerland) ........ 139 . Permafrost monitoring at high Alpine sites (WSL Institut für Schnee und Lawinenforschung, Switzerland) ........................................................... 141 . Automated GPS Network Switzerland AGNES (Bundesamt für Landestopographie swisstopo, Switzerland) ........................................... 143 . Operation of a meteorological station at high altitude in the Alps (Surface Meteorological Networks, MeteoSwiss, Payerne, Switzerland) .... 145 . The weather in 2010: report for the International Foundation HFSJG (MeteoSwiss Zürich, Switzerland) ............................................................... 148 High Altitude Research Station Gornergrat Statistics on research days 2010 ......................................................................... 153 Activity reports: . KOSMA - Kölner Observatorium für Submm-Astronomie (I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln; Radioastronomisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany) ........................ 154 . Linking micro-physical properties to macro features in ice sheets with geophysical techniques LIMPICS (Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven Institute for Environmental Studies, University of