THE METAPHOR FOUND IN ARIANA GRANDE’S MY EVERYTHING ALBUM A PAPER BY MUTIA TRISNAINI REG.NO: 152202022 DIPLOMA III ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2018 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Author’s Declaration I am Mutia Trisnaini, seclare that I am the solo author of this paper. Except where references is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere or extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified or awarded another degree. No other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submited for the award of another degree in any tertiary education. Signed : ……….. Date : i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Copyright Declaration Name : MUTIA TRISNAINI Title of This Paper : The Metaphor in Ariana Grande‟s My Everything Album Qualification : D-III/Ahli Madya Study Program : English 1. I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Cultural Studies USU on the understanding the users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia. 2. I am not willing that my papers be made available for reproduction. Signed:………. Date : ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ACKNOWLEGEMENTS First of all, I want to thank to my God, ALLAH SWT and prophet Muhammad SAW, for all the blessing and gives me health, strength, wisdom, and inspiration to finish this paper as one the requirements to get Diploma III certificate from English Diploma Study Program, University of Sumatera Utara. The second, I want to thank and gratitude to Dr. Budi Agustono,M.Si. as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara and Dra. Swesana Mardia Lubis, M.Hum. as the head of English Diploma Study Program, who give me chance to prove my Qualified for finishing this paper. Third, I want to thank and great to my family for their support, care and great love to me for finishing this paper. I would like to present this paper to my parents as a big thanks for supporting me „till here I am. To my older sister and my young sister, who always help me. The last, I want to thanks to my bestfriend at campus who fill my day and support me until this paper has finish. Thanks to my teacher, Mentari,S.S. who always support and help me to finish this paper. I want to thank to people around me that always support me. I am sorry I can‟t mention all of you guys, but thanks for your existence being my friend and supporting me. Finally, I will accept the suggestion and critics that built me up from the readers because I know this paper is far from being perfect. That‟s why your critics will fix my fault in the future. Thanks to all readers who read this paper and appreciate it. iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Medan,………..2018 The writer, MUTIA TRISNAINI Reg.No. 152202022 viiv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Makalah ini berjudul “The Metaphor Found in Ariana Grande‟s My Everything Album” ini membagas tentang metafora yg ada pada lirik-lirik lagu Album “My Everything”. Dalam makalah ini, penulis menerapkan pencarian internet yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data metafora. kemudian menganalisinya dan menentukan jenis metafora yg paling dominan. Pembagian metafora pada makalah ini mengacu pada pendapat Crowther yang membagi metafora menjadi simile, hiperbola dan personifikasi. Dalam lirik-lirik lagu Album “My Everything”, penulis menemukan 23 metafora yang terdiri dari of 5 data simiel (21,7%), 10 hiperbola (56,5%), and 5 data personifikasi (21,7%). v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT This research is entitled “The Metaphor Found in Ariana Grande‟s My Everything Album” discusses about metaphor found in Ariana Grande‟s My Everything Album. In this research, the writer used internet research method by collected metaphor data then analysed and determinded the most dominant. This study uses the theory of Crowther who classified metaphor into simile, hyperbole, and personification. In these lyrics of “My Everything” Album, the writer found 23 metaphor consist of 5 data in the form simile (21,7%), 10 data in the form hyperbole (56,5%), and 5 data in the form of personification (21,7%). vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ........................................................................... i COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ....................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vii 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................................... 1 1.2 Problem of the Study ..................................................................................... 2 1.3 Objective of the Study ................................................................................... 3 1.4 Scope of the Study ....................................................................................... 3 1.5 Metode of the Study ..................................................................................... 3 1.6 Significance of the Sudy ............................................................................. 4 2. REVIEW OF RELATEDLITERATURE ............................................................ 5 2.1 Definition of Metaphors ................................................................................ 5 2.2 Classification of Metaphors .......................................................................... 6 2.3 The Purpose of Metaphors ............................................................................ 8 3. ANALYSIS OF SEMANTIC METAPHORS .............................................. 12 3.1 Simile .............................................................................................................. 12 3.2 Hyperbole ........................................................................................................ 13 3.3 Personification................................................................................................ 14 3.4 The Percentage of Each Type of Metaphor ................................................... 15 4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION.......................................................... 16 4.1 Conclusion....................................................................................................... 16 4.2 Suggestion ....................................................................................................... 16 BIBLIOGRAPHY .............................................................................................. 31 APPENDIX .......................................................................................................... 32 vii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Language is the principle means of human being to communicate with each other. People use language to express ideas, feelings and to build relationship with other people. By using language, we can describe our feelings, emotions and thought easier to using other elements. We cannot respond or react if we do not understand what other people say, write or signal. Communication can be built if there is an understanding between speaker and the hearer in other word, the source person and target person. The main aim is to indicate something or some relations or even some ideas, and it can be called as its meaning. Sometimes we are not sure about message we should get from something we read, or we hear because there are many speakers or writers do not mean what their words mean but they mean something different from their utterance. This can cause misunderstanding between the speaker and the listener, or between the writer and the reader. That is why it is very important to study the analysis of meaning. In the case, meaning is important and significant. Meaning can be studied through scientific study of language called Linguistics. Linguistics, as we know, has four main branches of study: phonology, morphology, syntax, and metaphor. In this paper writer focus on metaphor.. For this paper, the writer tries to reveal metaphor as an object to analyze because the writer thinks it is worthy in academic field. Metaphor is the use of widening meaning. Metaphor derives from Greek word “meta” which mean over 1 1 UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA and “porcini” which mean to carry, metaphor simply means to carry from one place to another. Metaphor is one part of figurative language which is the most common and widely used. It is an implicit comparison in which the intended idea is compared with another idea through a similarity or likeness of characteristic, qualities or attributes between the two ideas. Crowther (1995:74) says, “Metaphor is the imaginative use of word or phrase to describe something as another object in order to show that they have the same qualities and to make the description more forceful.” It is also means that metaphor is used to describe normal