FAMILY Serrasalmidae Bleeker, 1859 - piranhas and allies [=Serrasalmi, Serrasalmoniformes, Mylesinae, Catoprionidi] Notes: Serrasalmi Swainson, 1838:256 [ref. 4302] (no family-group name) Serrasalmoniformes Bleeker, 1859d:XXXI [ref. 371] (subfamily) Serrasalmus [as Serrasalmo, name must be corrected Article 32.5.3; corrected to Serrasalminae by Fowler 1907b:468 [ref. 1374], confirmed by Eigenmann 1907:772 [ref. 1220]] Mylesinae Eigenmann, 1903:147 [ref. 1218] (subfamily) Myleus [changed to Mylinae by Eigenmann in Eigenmann, McAtee & Ward 1907:154 [ref. 1261]; corrected to Myleinae by Eigenmann 1907:771 [ref. 1220], confirmed by Fowler 1950:385 [ref. 18869] and by Géry 1972b:50 [ref. 1594]] Catoprionidi Fowler, 1958b:11 [ref. 1470] (tribe) Catoprion GENUS Acnodon Eigenmann, 1903 - pacus [=Acnodon Eigenmann [C. H.] 1903:147] Notes: [ref. 1218]. Masc. Myleus oligacanthus Müller & Troschel, 1844. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Valid as Acnodon Eigenmann, 1903 – (Géry 1972:196 [ref. 1594], Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199], Géry 1977:275 [ref. 1597], Jégu & Santos 1990:189 [ref. 20145], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:6 [ref. 30267] in Serrasalmidae, Mirande 2010:471 [ref. 31006]). Current status: Valid as Acnodon Eigenmann, 1903. Serrasalmidae. Species Acnodon normani Gosline, 1951 - sheep-pacu [=Acnodon normani Gosline [W. A.], 1951:43, Pl. 3; Fig. 5b] Notes: [Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences (Series 4) v. 27 (no. 2); ref. 12353] Rio Santa Teresa, a western tributary of upper Rio Tocantins, Goiaz State, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Acnodon normani Gosline, 1951. Serrasalmidae. Distribution: Amazon, Xingu and Tocantins River basins, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater. Species Acnodon oligacanthus (Müller & Trochel, 1844) - Suriname pacu (author) [=Myleus oligacanthus Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1844:98] Notes: [Archiv für Naturgeschichte v. 10 (pt 1); ref. 3070] Suriname. Current status: Valid as Acnodon oligacanthus (Müller & Troschel, 1844). Serrasalmidae. Distribution: Northern Guiana Shield rivers: French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname. Habitat: freshwater. Species Acnodon senai Jégu & Santos, 1990 - Jari pacu (author) [=Acnodon senai Jégu [M.] & Santos [G. M. dos], 1990:195, Fig. 6D] Notes: [Cybium v. 14 (no. 3); ref. 20145] Beach at downstream of Rio Jari, Amapà, Carapatinho Island, Brazil, 0°35'45"S, 52°38'20"W. Current status: Valid as Acnodon senai Jégu & Santos, 1990. Serrasalmidae. Distribution: Jari River basin, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater. GENUS Catoprion Müller & Troschel, 1844 - piranhas [=Catoprion Müller [J.] & Troschel [F. H.], 1844:96] Notes: [ref. 3070]. Masc. Serrasalmus mento Cuvier, 1819. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Catoprion Müller & Troschel, 1844 -- (Géry 1972:207 [ref. 1594], Géry 1976:54 [ref. 14199], Géry 1977:294 [ref. 1597], Taphorn 1992:149 [ref. 23654], Britski et al. 1999:58 [ref. 24147], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061], Freeman et al. 2007:1 et seq. [ref. 29167], Mirande 2009:6 [ref. 30267] in Serrasalmidae, Mirande 2010:471 [ref. 31006], Hubert & Renno 2010:33 [ref. 31099], Oliveira et al. 2011:11 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Catoprion Müller & Troschel, 1844. Serrasalmidae. Species Catoprion mento (Cuvier, 1819) - wimple piranha [=Serrsalmus mento Cuvier [G.], 1819:369, Pl. 28 (fig. 3), Mylesinus macropterus Ulrey [A. B.], 1894:612] Notes: [Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (N. S.) (Série A) Zoologie v. 5; ref. 1017] Brazil. Current status: Valid as Catoprion mento (Cuvier, 1819). Serrasalmidae. Distribution: Amazon, Orinoco, Essequibo and upper Paraguay River basins: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Guyana and Venezuela. Habitat: freshwater. (macropterus) [American Naturalist v. 28 (no. 331); ref. 12356] Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Catoprion mento (Cuvier, 1819). Serrasalmidae. Habitat: freshwater GENUS Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 - tambaquis, black pacu, black-finned pacu, giant pacu, cachama, gamitana [=Colossoma Eigenmann [C. H.] & Kennedy [C. H.], 1903:530, Melloina Amaral Campos [A.], 1946:219, Waiteina (subgenus of Colossoma) Fowler [H. W.], 1907:473] Notes: [ref. 1260]. Neut. Myletes oculus Cope, 1872. Type by original designation (in footnote). Also appeared in Eigenmann 1903 (Dec.):148 [ref. 1218]. Colosoma is a misspelling. •Valid as Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 -- (Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199], Géry 1977:254 [ref. 1597], Géry 1986:97 [ref. 6012], Machado-Allison 1986:1 [ref. 12757], Taphorn 1992:161 [ref. 23654], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061], Mirande 2009:6 [ref. 30267] in Serrasalmidae, Minckley & Marsh 2009:103 [ref. 31114], Mirande 2010:471 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:11 [ref. 31685], Kottelat 2013:214 [ref. 32989]). Current status: Valid as Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903. Serrasalmidae. (Melloina) [ref. 107]. Fem. Melloina tambaqui Amaral Campos, 1946. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Meloina on p. 217, everywhere else as Melloina. •Synonym of Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 -- (Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199], Taphorn 1992:161 [ref. 23654] as Mellonina, Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903. Serrasalmidae. (Waiteina) [ref. 1374]. Fem. Myletes nigripinnis Cope, 1878. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Piaractus Eigenamnn, 1903 -- (Taphorn 1992:298 [ref. 23654]). •Synonym of Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903 -- (Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199] as Wateina, Taphorn 1992:161 [ref. 23654], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Colossoma Eigenmann & Kennedy, 1903. Serrasalmidae. Species Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) - blackfin pacu [=Myletes macropomus Cuvier [G.], 1816:185, Pl. 10 (fig. 1), Myletes nigripinnis Cope [E. D.], 1878:693, Myletes oculus Cope [E. D.], 1872:268, Pl. 12 (fig. 2), Colossoma orbignyanum Kochetov [A. M.], 1989:101, Melloina tambaqui Amaral Campos [A.], 1946:220, Fig. 3, Salmo tambaqui Kner [R.] (ex Natterer), 1860:21 [13]] Notes: [Le Règne Animal v. 2; ref. 993] Brazil. Current status: Valid as Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816). Serrasalmidae. Distribution: Amazon and Orinoco basins, introduced elsewhere: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela. Introduced or raised in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Honduras, Jamaica and Panama; introduced elsewhee. Habitat: freshwater. (nigripinnis) [Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 17 (no. 101); ref. 945] Nauta, Peruvian Amazon, Peru. Current status: Synonym of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816). Serrasalmidae. Habitat: freshwater. (oculus) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 23; ref. 921] Río Ambyiacu, Peru. Current status: Synonym of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816). Serrasalmidae. Habitat: freshwater. (orbignyanum) [ ref. 34351] •Probably a synonym of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) [RVL]. Current status: Synonym of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier 1816). Serrasalmidae. Habitat: freshwater. (tambaqui A) [Papéis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia (São Paulo) v. 7 (no. 17); ref. 107] Rio Tapajós, Taperinha, Pará, Brazil. Current status: Synonym of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816). Serrasalmidae. Habitat: freshwater. (tambaqui K) [Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. v. 18; ref. 7130] Current status: Synonym of Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816). Serrasalmidae. GENUS Metynnis Cope, 1878 - silver dollars [=Metynnis Cope [E. D.], 1878:692, Myleocollops (subgenus of Metynnis) Eigenmann [C. H.], 1903:147, Sealeina Fowler [H. W.], 1907:478] Notes: [ref. 945]. Masc. Metynnis luna Cope, 1878. Type by monotypy. •Valid as Metynnis Cope, 1878 -- (Géry 1972:188 [ref. 1594], Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199], Géry 1977:270 [ref. 1597], Géry et al. 1987:447 [ref. 6001], Taphorn 1992:254 [ref. 23654], Zarske & Géry 1999:172 [ref. 23984], Britski et al. 1999:58 [ref. 24147], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061], Zarske & Géry 2008:174 [ref. 29917], Pavanelli et al. 2009:141 [ref. 30246], Mirande 2009:6 [ref. 30267] in Serrasalmidae, Mirande 2010:471 [ref. 31006], Oliveira et al. 2011:11 [ref. 31685]). Current status: Valid as Metynnis Cope, 1878. Serrasalmidae. (Myleocollops) [ref. 1218]. Masc. Metynnis goeldii Eigenmann, 1903 (= Myletes lippencottianus of Ulrey, not Cope). Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Metynnis Cope, 1878, but a valid subgenus Myleocollops as described -- (Géry 1972:189 [ref. 1594]). •Synonym of Metynnis Cope, 1878 -- (Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199], Taphorn 1992:254 [ref. 23654], Zarske & Géry 1999:172 [ref. 23984], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Metynnis Cope, 1878. Serrasalmidae. (Sealeina) [ref. 1374]. Fem. Myletes lippincottianus Cope, 1870. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Misspelled Sealina in Zoological Record for 1906, correctly spelled in 1907. •Synonym of Metynnis Cope, 1878 -- (Géry 1976:50 [ref. 14199], Taphorn 1992:254 [ref. 23654], Zarske & Géry 1999:172 [ref. 23984], Jégu in Reis et al. 2003:183 [ref. 27061]). Current status: Synonym of Metynnis Cope, 1878. Serrasalmidae. Species Metynnis altidorsalis Ahl, 1923 - Paramaribo silver dollar (author) [=Metynnis altidorsalis Ahl [E.], 1923:22] Notes: [Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin v. 11 (no. 1); ref. 19929] Paramaribo, Suriname. Current status: Valid as Metynnis altidorsalis Ahl, 1923. Serrasalmidae. Distribution: North and eastern Guiana Shield rivers: