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University Microfilms international 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St. John's Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe, Bucks, England HPtO BHR MONTANARO, Ralph Douglas, 194 7- THE CARTULARY OF RENIER ACORRE. [Portion of Text in French] (VOLUMES I AND II). The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1976 History, medieval Xerox University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48io6 THE CARTULARY OF RENIER ACORRE VOLUME I DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By R, Douglas Montanaro, B. A., M. A. The Ohio State University 1976 Reading Committe: Approved by Franlclin J. Pegues Joseph Lynch John C, Rule Department of History ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to acknowledge several persons who helped in the planning and preparation of this dissertation. Professor Franklin J. Pegues suggested Renier Acorre's cartulary as a topic of study and helped greatly in its transcription and analysis. Professor Joseph Lynch also aided with the study of the cartulary and the writing of the manuscript. Ben S. Trotter provided valuable advice regarding the quantitative methods used in chapter III, especially the construction of the graphs. I wish to thank Donna Geitschier for her fast and accurate typing of part of the manuscript. Finally, a special debt of gratitude is owed to my wife, Judy, who typed most of the dissertation and whose love and support made my graduate career not only possible but worthwhile. July 20, 19 4 7 ......... B o m - Newark, Ohio 1969.................. B.A., Muskinf^m College New Concord, Ohio 1970-1975 ............ Teaching Associate, Department of History, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1972.................. M.A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio I975-I976 . ........... Teaching Associate, Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Medieval History. Professors Franklin J. Pegues and Joseph Lynch Early Modem European History. Professor John C. Rule Nineteenth Century France. Professor John Rothney Roman History. Dr. Cyrus St. Clair TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................... ill VITA.................................................. iv PART I: DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE CARTULARY Chapter I. THE CARTULARY OF RENIER ACORRE.......... 1 II. THE CAREER OF RENIER AC O R R E ............ 30 III. THE ESTATE OF RENIER AC O R R E............ 68 Map: Provins Area........................ 118 Tables and G r a p h s ........................ 119 GLOSSARY.............................................. 127 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................ 134 PART II: TRANSCRIPTION AND CALENDAR THE CARTULARY........................................ 139 INDEX OF PLACE NAMES.................................. 5^9 INDEX OF PERSONAL N A M E S .............................. $64 PART I DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF TRE CARTULARY Chapter I: The Cartulary of Renier kçorre In 186? Felix Bourquelot published in the Bibliothèque de l'Ecole des Chartes an article entitled "Renier Accorre, financier et grand propriétaire au treizième siècle."^ In that article the historian of the fairs of Champagne briefly described a manuscript he had found in the Imperial library (now the Bibliothèque Nationale). Although he included a history of the manuscript and a brief discussiop of its contents and script, Bourquelot spent most of his article on the political and social biography of Renier Acorre, who was certainly among the most important figures i,n thirteenth century Champagne. The manuscript, however, provides much more than the corroboration of his dates, assocfatps, privileges from the count, and other information of that type for which Bourquelot used it. The cartulary of Renier Acorre^ is a rare, if not unique document. Though lay cartularies extant from the l4th century are numerous, there are few available from the 13th century. The estate book of the Englishman Henry de Bray concerning the years 1289-13^0 has been published containing copies of charters of property acquisition and other information, de Bray's estate book also includes such things as a description of the world, a description of England, a list of the kings of England, family histories, and obituaries more commonly found in medieval chronicles and geneologies. Henry de Bray vnrote his ovm estate book and intended it to be a literary history of his family and its estate rather than a simple copybook containing charters of purchase. The cartulary of Enguerran de Marigny^ is a proper cartulary and is in many ways similar to that of Renier Acorre. But Enguerran's manuscript contains only three documents dated prior to 1300 (the earliest being from 1289) and like the estate book of Henry de Bray is mostly concerned with the early l4th century. Renier Acorre's cartulary contains charters dated from 1257 to 1289 aind thus pertains entirely to the second half of the 13th century. Its folios include many letters of purchase, lists of cens, tailles, and other revenues, and letters of franchise, quittance, and exchange from the counts of Champagne, From this considerable body of information it is possible to reconstruct Renter's property holdings in and around Previns, Information of this type regarding a layman and his possessions is extremely rare, and the fact that Renier Acorre was of non-noble origins makes his cartulary ; unique source for the 13th century. Bourquelot provided a short history of the manuscript which probably remained in Renier's possession till his death sometime in the 1290s.^ Its whereabouts were a mystery until some royal receivers found it on June 3, 1479.^ Folio 2 of the cartulary contains the note: "Gest livre est a Felix I'aine, nottaire a Provins, 1729." What became of the manuscript between its discovery by the royal receivers and its possession by Nicholas Felix I'aine is not clearly known, though it seems that M. Felix acquired it from one M. de Mascarany, seigneur d'Herme, probably in 1729 or shortly before that date. While in the possession of Nicholas Felix, the manuscript was damaged in a flood of 1757. The result of this misfortune is still visible with more than half of most of the folios darkened by water stain. In another notation on folio 2 of the cartulary, H. Ythier states that he purchased it in 1780 from M. Félix just before the latter's death. Ythier, the dean of the chapter of St. Quiriace of Provins, paid eighteen francs for the book. Renter's cartulary remained in canon Ythier's possession until his death when it, along with the rest of his manuscripts, passed into the library of his niece, Mme. Colin de Saint-Mars, whose bookplate also appears on folio 2. Her heirs sold it to M. Techener, a Parisian bookdealer, who gave it to the Bibliothèque royale in 1836. It has evidently remained in this renamed institution until the present day. Bourquelot's article of 166? seems to have been the first use or mention of the cartulsury of Renier Acorre in an historical context, Arbois de Jubainville, in his Histoire des ducs et des comtes de Champagne, 1077-1284, its seven volumes published between 1859 and 1869, made no use of Renter's cartulary even though he discussed his role as a county official and included some acts of the count pertaining to him. It should be added here that Arbois de Jubainville's information concerning Renier suffers from various inaccuracies due to this lacuna in his sources. Though not completely neglected, there has been relatively little use made of this cartulary since its "discovery" by Bourquelot. In 1894 and 1895 Henri See published his "Etude sur les classes serviles en Champagne du XI® au XIV® siècle"^ in which he did make use of Render's cartulary. Elizabeth Chapin also consulted it in preparing her work on the fair towns of Champagne.® Some recent American medievalists^ have mentioned Renier Acorre in their works but the cartulary was not used. The modem historians were interested in topics in which the Florentine played only a minor role and for which his 4 cartulary provides little information.