Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry Edited by Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. SAE International® PROGRESS IN TECHNOLOGY SERIES Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Other SAE books of interest: Green Technologies and the Mobility Industry By Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. (Product Code: PT-146) Active Safety and the Mobility Industry By Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. (Product Code: PT-147) Automotive 2030 – North America By Bruce Morey (Product Code: T-127) Multiplexed Networks for Embedded Systems By Dominique Paret (Product Code: R-385) For more information or to order a book, contact SAE International at 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, USA phone 877-606-7323 (U.S. and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside U.S. and Canada); fax 724-776-0790; e-mail [email protected]; website http://store.sae.org. Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry By Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA Copyright © 2011 SAE International. eISBN: 978-0-7680-7461-1 Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 USA E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Copyright © 2011 SAE International. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, distributed, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of SAE. For permission and licensing requests, contact SAE Permissions, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 USA, email: [email protected]; phone: 724-772-4028; fax 724-772-9765. ISBN 978-0-7680-4767-7 Library of Congress Catalog Number 2011937693 SAE Order No. PT-148 DOI 10.4271/PT-148 Information contained in this work has been obtained by SAE International from sources believed to be reliable. However, neither SAE International nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein and neither SAE International nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This work is published with the understanding that SAE International and its authors are supplying information, but are not attempting to render engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought. To purchase bulk quantities, please contact SAE Customer Service e-mail: [email protected] phone: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) 724-776-4970 (outside USA) fax: 724-776-0790 Visit the SAE International Bookstore at http://books.sae.org Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Table of Contents Introduction Connectivity and the Mobility Industry 3 Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr., P.E., FESD, NAE – President, SAE International, 2010 Special Contributions What to Expect Beyond 2015 – Fourth Generation (4G) Wireless and the Vehicle 11 Steven H. Bayless and Scott Belcher The Intelligent Transportation Society of America (ITS America) The Evolution of the Driving Experience and Associated Technologies 33 Douglas L. Welk, Tim D. Bolduc, Gerald J. Witt, and Keenan A. Estese Delphi Electronics and Safety Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicle Converged with Communications Technology 41 Dr. In-Soo Suh, Professor, Cho Chun Shik Graduate School for Green Transportation – KAIST, Daejeon, Korea Challenges and Benefits Autonomous Driving – A Practical Roadmap (2010-01-2335) 55 Jeffrey .D Rupp and Anthony G. King The Line Within: Redrawing the Boundary of Connected Vehicle Systems Engineering (2010-01-2322) 77 Robert Gee Metrics for Evaluating Electronic Control System Architecture Alternatives (2010-01-0453) 89 Arkadeb Ghosal et al. Connected Vehicle Accelerates Green Driving (2010-01-2315) 99 Tsuguo Nobe Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Communications – Vehicular Safety Enabling Safety and Mobility through Connectivity (2010-01-2318) 109 Chris Domin Vehicle Safety Communications – Applications: System Design & Objective Testing Results (2011-01-0575) 119 Farid Ahmed-Zaid et al. Prioritized CSMA Protocol for Roadside-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication Systems (2009-01-0165) 137 Jun Kosai et al. Communications – Vehicle Networks Vehicular Networks for Collision Avoidance at Intersections (2011-01-0573) 145 Seyed Reza Azimi et al. Nomadic Device Connectivity Using the AMI-C HMI Architecture (2009-01-0959) 157 Frank Szczublewski et al. “Verify-on-Demand” – A Practical and Scalable Approach for Broadcast Authentication in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication (2011-01-0584) 161 Hariharan Krishnan et al. Communications – PHEV/EV Requirements Communication Requirements for Plug-in Electric Vehicles (2011-01-0866) 175 Richard A. Scholer et al. Communication Between Plug-in Vehicles and the Utility Grid (2010-01-0837) 191 Richard A. Scholer et al. Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Technologies Intelligent Vehicle Technologies that Improve Safety, Congestion and Efficiency: Overview and Public Policy Role (2009-01-0168) 205 Eric C. Sauck Eco Navigation with Vehicle Interaction (2010-36-0280) 215 Ricardo Takahira Comparative Analysis of Automatic Steering Technologies and Intelligent Transportation System Applied to BRT (2010-36-0310) 237 Leopoldo Yoshioka et al. Development of HMI and Telematics Systems for a Reliable and Attractive Electric Vehicle (2011-01-0554) 251 Shiochi Yoshizawa et al. Applications Commercial Business Viability of IntelliDrive Safety Applications (2010-01-2313) 263 Robert White et al. Performance of Aftermarket (DSRC) Antennas Inside a Passenger Vehicle (2011-01-1031) 275 Radavan Miucic and Sue Bai Cybercars for Sustainable Urban Mobility – A European Collaborative Approach (2010-01-2345) 281 Michel Parent Merge Ahead: Integrating Heavy Duty Vehicle Networks with Wide Area Network Services (2010-01-2053) 285 Mark P. Zachos Editor’s and Special Contributors’ Biographies About the Editor 325 Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. Special Contributors 326 Steven H. Bayless Scott Belcher Douglas L. Welk Tim D. Bolduc Gerald J. Witt Keenan A. Estese Dr. In-Soo Suh Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Introduction Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry Introduction The nature of being connected while driving has changed dramatically over the years. It was once sufficient to have AM radio as base reception and to seek FM signals while driving long distances. There were regional lists of such stations that drivers could tune to for favorite programs. Now, with the emergence of portable nomadic devices (PNDs) not only does the vehicle occupant want AM/FM, but XM satellite radio, MP3 functionality, smart phone connectivity, and other applications. In addition, sophisticated networks such as DSRC, WIFI, WIMAX, Bluetooth, and 3G can enable driver-to-service, vehicle-to-vehicle, and vehicle-to-infrastructure functionality. The vehicle is regarded not only as a communication site, but also as a node on the internet. The challenges of greenhouse gas (GHG), fuel economy improvement, emissions reductions, and even increased safety pose the need for the vehicle to connect to the electric power grid for battery charging. The electric power grid presents its own communication and connectivity issues augmented by the opportunity to perform wireless charging. The emergence of fourth generation (4G), long term evolution (LTE) represents an opportunity to provide seamless connectivity across silos in the process. In this publication, we intend to explore these dimensions of Connectivity and the Mobility Industry, starting with three excellent articles newly written for this project, which lay the framework for our discussions. The articles and authors are: • “ What to Expect Beyond 2015 - Fourth Generation (4G) Wireless and the Vehicle” by Steven Bayless and Scott Belcher • “ The Evolution of the Driving Experience and Associated Technologies” by Douglas Welk et al. • “ Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicle Converged with Communications Technology” by In-Soo Suh, PhD. We augment these articles with 20 specially selected papers intended to elaborate on the dimensions of Connectivity and the Mobility Industry. For clarity, they are listed in the categories of: Challenges and Benefits, Communications - Vehicular Safety, Communication - Vehicle Networks, Communication – PHEV/EV Requirements, Technologies, and Applications. 3 Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Challenges and Benefits • “ Autonomous Driving - A Practical Roadmap” by Jeffrey D. Rupp & Anthony G. King, 2010. • “ The Line Within: Redrawing the Boundary of Connected Vehicle Systems Engineering” by Robert Gee, 2010. • “ Metrics for Evaluating Electronic Control System Architecture Alternatives” by Arkadeb Ghosal et al., 2010. • “ Connected Vehicle Accelerates