Introducing C-Fern (Ceretopteris richardii) !"#$%&'()*+$%,-'./,0(*/(1** 2/34%$*5/6$307893$#*! Life Cycle of Plants! Terminology: alternation of generations: plants have two distinct generations that alternate in producing each other gametophyte: haploid (n) produces gametes sporophyte: diploid (2n) produces spores Fig. 17-3-1 Key Gametophyte Haploid (n) plant (n) Diploid (2n) Mitosis Sperm Gametes (n) Egg Fig. 17-3-2 Key Gametophyte Haploid (n) plant (n) Diploid (2n) Mitosis Sperm Gametes (n) Egg Fertilization Zygote (2n) Fig. 17-3-3 Key Gametophyte Haploid (n) plant (n) Diploid (2n) Mitosis Sperm Gametes (n) Egg Fertilization Zygote (2n) Mitosis Sporophyte plant (2n) Fig. 17-3-4 Key Gametophyte Haploid (n) plant (n) Diploid (2n) Mitosis Sperm Spores (n) Gametes (n) Egg Meiosis Fertilization Zygote (2n) Mitosis Sporophyte plant (2n) Fig. 17-3-5 Key Gametophyte Haploid (n) plant (n) Mitosis Diploid (2n) Mitosis Sperm Spores (n) Gametes (n) Egg Meiosis Fertilization Zygote (2n) Mitosis Sporophyte plant (2n) Haploid (n) Diploid (2n) Sperm (n) Mitosis and development Female gametangium (n) Gametophyte (n) Spores (n) Egg (n) Meiosis Fertilization Clusters of sporangia 2 Zygote (2n) New sporophyte (2n) 3 Mitosis and development Mature sporophyte Fig. 17-5-1 Key 1 Haploid (n) Sperm (n) Diploid (2n) Archegonium (female gametangium) (n) Gametophyte (n) Egg (n) Fertilization Fig. 17-5-2 Key 1 Haploid (n) Sperm (n) Diploid (2n) Female gametangium (n) Gametophyte (n) Egg (n) Fertilization 2 Zygote (2n) Fig. 17-5-3 Key 1 Haploid (n) Sperm (n) Diploid (2n) Female gametangium (n) Gametophyte (n) Egg (n) Fertilization Clusters of 4 sporangia 2 Zygote (2n) New sporophyte (2n) 3 Mitosis and development Mature sporophyte Fig. 17-5-4 Key 1 Haploid (n) Sperm (n) Diploid (2n) 5 Mitosis and development Female gametangium (n) Gametophyte (n) Spores (n) Egg (n) Meiosis Fertilization Clusters of 4 sporangia 2 Zygote (2n) New sporophyte (2n) 3 Mitosis and development Mature sporophyte Sori and Sporangia: Spore-containing Structures! Sori and Sporangium with Spores! C-Fern! Life Cycle! Observing Gametophytes ! •! "#$%&'(!!"#$%&'()"*+,-("!'%$)(!*! +(,%$-+,./&0(!12!&%$3(45! •! 6(47,&8(!-+('.09-(4!.:!0+(!)"./%().+01,"!!125! $'/!7.;'0!23'+4')"./%().+01,"!'12!&%$3(45! •! <..%!0.!=&(>!$,7+(3.'&$!1:(%$)(!3$%(0$'3&$5! $'/!$'0+(,&/&$!1%$)(!3$%(0$'3&$5!2!1&%$3(45! •! ?//!40(,&)(!>$0(,!$'/!.84(,=(!,()($4(!.:!4-(,%! $'/!4>$,%&'3!'($,!$,7+(3.'&$!1&%$3(5! C-fern Phenotypes! hermaphrodite Males! Wild and Mutant Phenotypes! '51&0',-(" ' ''''''''''''''6$,%*,' Hermaphrodites! @.;'0!AB!,$'/.%!+(,%$-+,./&0(4!! Mutant and Wild! C7.,&'3!-+('.09-(4! wild gametophyte mutant gametophytes Gametangia ! antheridia archegonia Hermaphrodites! Wild and Mutant Phenotypes! D&)/! %;0$'0! %$0;,(!3$%(0.-+90(! 9.;'3!3$%(0.-+90(! D&)/! 9.;'3!3$%(0.-+90(! %;0$'0! %$0;,(!3$%(0.-+90(!.