Analysis of the Fishery and Aquaculture Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina EU funded project “Preparation of IPARD Forest and Fisheries Sector Reviews in Bosnia and Herzegovina” Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 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All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licence-request or addressed to [email protected]. FAO information products are available on the FAO website (www.fao.org/publications) and can be purchased through [email protected]. Contents Introduction ....................................................1 Report structure ..................................................1 Study team .....................................................1 Acknowledgements ................................................1 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .........................................2 1.1 Background objectives and outcome .................................2 1.2 Methodology ..............................................2 1.3 Description of the sector ........................................2 1.4 Recommendations ...........................................3 2. BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT FOR THE SECTOR ANALYSES IN BIH .................4 2.1 General information about BiH ....................................4 2.2 Context and objective of the sector analyses .............................5 2.2.1 General Context of the sector analyses: Preparation for EU accession ...............5 2.2.2 Objectives of the fishery and aquaculture sector report .......................5 2.3 Methodology ..............................................6 2.3.1 Desk research ..............................................6 2.3.2 Statistics .................................................6 2.3.3 Surveys..................................................6 2.3.4 Case studies ...............................................7 2.3.5 Stakeholder and key informant interviews ..............................7 2.3.6 Workshops ...............................................7 2.4 General economic indicators for Bosnia and Herzegovina ......................7 2.4.1 Demography...............................................7 2.4.2 General economic indicators......................................7 2.4.3. Agricultural indicators .........................................9 3. THE FISHERY AND AQUACULTURE SECTOR - MAIN CHARACTERISTICS ..............11 3.1 Aquatic resources of the fishery and aquaculture sector ......................12 3.1.1 Water resources and the management of such resources .....................12 3.1.2 Fish fauna ...............................................17 3.2 Management of the fishery and aquaculture sector ........................22 3.2.1 Administration.............................................22 3.2.2 Laws of the sector ...........................................23 3.2.3 Licensing ................................................25 3.2.4 Taxes, fees and subsidies .......................................26 3.2.5 Monitoring and supervision .....................................27 3.3 Structure and geographical distribution of the fishery and aquaculture sector..........27 3.3.1 Marine fishery .............................................27 i 3.3.2 Inland fisheries.............................................27 3.3.3 Aquaculture ..............................................29 3.4 Structure and organization of fisherfolk and fish producers ....................31 3.4.1 Sport fishing associations and societies ...............................31 3.4.2 Fish producers' associations .....................................32 3.5 Fish production ............................................32 3.5.1 Marine fisheries ............................................32 3.5.2 Inland fisheries.............................................32 3.5.3 Aquaculture ..............................................32 3.6 Physical and human conditions of aquaculture production ....................36 3.6.1 Use of water and the impact of farms on the environment .....................36 3.6.2 Fish farm facilities and equipment ..................................37 3.6.3 Fish transport facilities at fish farms .................................37 3.6.4 Fish health and veterinary services..................................39 3.6.5 Employees of fish farms ........................................39 3.7 Fish feed production and use .....................................40 3.7.1 Production of fish feed ........................................40 3.7.2 Use of fish feed.............................................40 3.8 Fish processing.............................................41 3.9 Trade and marketing of fish and seafood in Bosnia and Herzegovina ...............42 3.9.1 Export and import of fish and seafood ................................42 3.9.2 Fish and seafood supply chains ....................................45 3.9.3 Fish and seafood prices ........................................45 3.10 Fish and seafood consumption ....................................45 4. GOVERNMENT POLICIES FOR THE SECTOR..............................47 4.1 Overview of policy frameworks in Bosnia and Herzegovina ....................47 4.2 Strategies regarding the fishery and aquaculture sector at state and entity level ........47 4.2.1 Development strategies........................................47 4.2.2 Sector policies and cross-cutting policies ..............................49 4.3 Operational programmes and measures in support of the sector .................49 4.3.1 Support measures in the FBiH ....................................49 4.3.2 Support measures in RS ........................................49 4.3.3 Support measures in BD........................................49 4.4 Institutional support for the fishery and aquaculture sector ....................49 4.4.1 Research and development......................................49 4.4.2 Education and extension services ..................................49 4.4.3 Statistics and information services ..................................51 5. AGRICULTURAL LENDING AND THE FINANCIAL SECTOR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA ....55 5.1 Role of the Central Bank in the lending and credit service sector..................55 5.2 Financing through development banks of the entities .......................55 ii 5.3 Financing through commercial banks ................................56 5.4 Loans through micro credit institutions ...............................56 5.5 Loans through savings and credit organizations...........................57 5.6 Leasing .................................................57 6. LEVEL OF ATTAINMENT OF EU STANDARDS .............................58 6.1 Pre-accession strategy ........................................58 6.2 National programs for the adoption of the acquis..........................58 6.2.1 Chapter 11 of the acquis - Agriculture and rural development ...................58 6.2.2 Chapter 12 of the acquis - Food safety, veterinary and phytosanitary policy ...........59 6.2.3 Chapter 13 of the acquis - Fisheries..................................60 6.2.4 Chapter 18 of the acquis - Statistics .................................61 6.2.5 Chapter 27 of the acquis - Environment ...............................61 6.3 Summary of compliance of key issues with EU standards......................64 7. IDENTIFICATION OF SWOT AND POTENTIAL IN THE SECTOR ....................65 7.1 Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the sector..................65 7.1.1 Marine fisheries ............................................65 7.1.2 Inland fisheries.............................................66 7.1.3 Aquaculture ..............................................67 7.2 SWOT recommendations .......................................69 8. CONCLUSIONS AND IDENTIFICATION OF NEEDS IN THE SECTOR..................70 8.1 Necessary actions in sector administration .............................70 8.1.1 Upgrading the