61812 RQ _Q4_2005 MJA 12/5/06 11:40 am Page 1 Back on track Has motor racing lost its relevance? 2006 GM’s former sporting chief has answers 2, Q Particulates RICARDO QUARTERLYREVIEW Ricardo develops revolutionary measuring technology Diesel record bid JCB unveils world land speed contender, supported by Ricardo BUGATTI VEYRON SPECIAL Ricardo supports Bugatti to design, develop and manufacture the driveline for the Veyron – the world’s fastest road car 61812 RQ _Q4_2005 MJA 12/5/06 11:40 am Page 2 61812 RQ _Q4_2005 MJA 12/5/06 11:40 am Page 3 Contents RICARDO QUARTERLYREVIEW Q2, 2006 08 16 06 20 news features 04 Industry news 08 Bugatti Veyron Biofuels gain traction in Europe; Audi TT mixes Transmission engineering challenges don’t come much aluminium and steel; Land Rover shows hybrid ideas; tougher than the 1001 horsepower, 400 km/h Veyron. US survey questions hybrid economics Tony Lewin tells the story of Ricardo’s support for Bugatti in what is perhaps the most ambitious development 24 Ricardo news programme ever completed by a major carmaker JCB goes for world diesel speed record with Ricardo support; Bugatti driveline wins key industry award; 16 Motorsport – stalled on the grid? Ricardo’s historic Citroën Rosalie diesel goes on show at Many argue that regulation-bound modern motorsport is Essen’s TechnoClassica in Germany irrelevant to everyday cars or engineering advancement. Herb Fishel, former sporting director of General Motors, questions and answers believes it’s time for change and outlines his formula for getting racing back on track 06 Nick Reilly, GM Daewoo GM DAT, General Motors’ Korean operation, is a major 20 Particulate measurement driver in the group’s global production, supplying Fine particle emissions are of increasing concern to Chevrolet and other small cars worldwide. CEO Nick Reilly environmental legislators but were notoriously difficult to tells Julian Rendell how the company which struggled as measure – until Ricardo’s Chemistry team came up with an Daewoo is now prospering ingenious answer. Anthony Smith reports on a development with far-reaching consequences Head office: Conceived and produced for Ricardo by: Ricardo plc, Shoreham-by-Sea, TwoTone Media Ltd West Sussex, BN43 5FG, Editor:Tony Lewin United Kingdom Contributors: Mark Roberts, Anthony Smith, Tel: +44 (0)1273 455611 Herb Fishel and Julian Rendell TwoTone Media Ltd contacts: Ricardo contacts and locations: Anthony Smith: [email protected] www.ricardo.com/contacts Tony Lewin: [email protected] RQ subscriptions: www.ricardo.com/rq RICARDO QUARTERLYREVIEW Sales enquiries: [email protected] 61812 RQ _Q4_2005 MJA 12/5/06 11:40 am Page 4 Industry News Biofuels gain traction aab’s presentation of its Sglamorous Aero X coupé concept (right) at the Geneva show in March was a dramatic way of bringing the world’s attention to the performance advantages of CO2-friendly bio-ethanol power. more to the comprehensive network of E85 fuelling powertrain’s stations has sprung up and the output, and BioPower 9-5 model is selling strongly. efficiency is Earlier this year the European Union aided by launched its BEST (BioEthanol for electrically Sustainable Transport) project that is driven hoping to create an infrastructure of at auxiliaries such least 140 bioethanol pumps at ten But the 9-3-based BioPower Hybrid as the water pump, power steering and selected European sites outside concept unveiled a month later in air conditioning. Sweden. Stockholm (above), gives a much more A 42 volt integrated starter generator realistic preview of how future CO2- is built into the flywheel ahead of the neutral production cars could be. automatic transmission, while a 38 kW Claiming to be the world’s first fully motor powers the rear wheels to give fossil-free hybrid, the BioPower four wheel drive capability. Saab concept is based on the 9-3 convertible estimates the engine stop-start system and runs on E100 – 100 per cent pure alone achieves fuel savings of 5 to 7 per bioethanol. This fuel alone allows for cent, and the battery provides an substantial power and torque increases electric-only range of up to 20 km. in the two-litre, direct-injection flex-fuel Saab is riding a wave of enthusiasm engine; the two electric motors add still for biofuels in Sweden, where a New Audi TT mixes steel and aluminium Though its exterior style is very clearly a development of the outgoing model, the new Audi TT is very different in its architecture. Breaking new ground in combining both aluminium and steel, the TT’s structure is largely comprised of an ASF space frame in aluminium, but steel is employed in the rear sections to achieve optimum weight distribution. Overall, says Audi, 69 per cent of Volvo hybrid trucks the superstructure is aluminium. The TT’s engines now begin due by 2009 with a 2.0 litre TFSI direct- The new Volvo FH16 (pictured) is injection turbo, linked to Europe’s most powerful production front wheel drive; the 3.2 truck, with 660 horsepower and 3100 litre V6 powerpack Nm torque from its 16 litre engine. But comes with quattro Volvo is looking further ahead and, four wheel drive. Both according to Reuters reports, will models can be launch a series production hybrid truck ordered with Audi’s engine before the end of the decade. six-speed dual clutch The new engine would be transmission, now economically viable mainly for short- renamed S tronic. haul trucks, buses and construction equipment, says Volvo. Audi’s diesel race win Invest, says R&D chief US trucks get tax break Diesel boom to continue Motorsport witnessed a General Motors must invest New rules passed by the Bush Sales of diesel cars in Europe historic moment in March heavily to move hydrogen administration will mean will outstrip those of gasoline when Audi’s R10 won the power from the laboratory to tougher CAFE limits from models in 2006, despite Sebring 12 hours – the first- the development phase, 2008-2011 for small trucks but premium prices for emissions ever victory for a diesel- research head Larry Burns more lenient treatment for equipment, according to a News in brief News powered racing car. told the FT. larger models. report by Frost and Sullivan. 04 RICARDO QUARTERLYREVIEW • Q2, 2006 61812 RQ _Q4_2005 MJA 12/5/06 11:40 am Page 5 wheels re-connecting quickly and Land Rover smoothly as soon as the system RICARDO detects slippery conditions. QUARTERLY reveals hybrid Together, says Land Rover, the REVIEW measures could yield a one-third saving in fuel consumption. The task of RQ is to highlight the latest thinking thinking in automotive engineering and remium 4x4 manufacturer Land Are hybrids losing their shine? technology worldwide – both within PRover has announced a suite of In the wake of 2005’s sharp surge in Ricardo and among other leading pro-environmental engineering the sales of hybrid cars, especially in companies. By presenting an up-to-date mix of news, profiles and interviews with features that will be applied step-by- North America, certain academics and top business leaders we paint an step to its model ranges over the industrialists are beginning to question interesting and exciting picture of R&D coming years. All the technologies, the economics of building vehicles activity at a world-class automotive says the company, will enhance rather with both electric and gasoline power. engineering services provider. Renault-Nissan CEO It is a formula that has certainly been a Carlos Ghosn hit with the worldwide automotive confirmed his community: in the five years since RQ scepticism at the New was launched we have had to increase York auto show in our print run to 14,000 copies to keep April when he pace with the demand to read about insisted hybrids Ricardo and its activities. did not make Client confidentiality is of the utmost business importance to Ricardo, which means that we can only report on a small fraction of sense, but a the work carried out by the company. So more we are especially grateful to those calculated blow Ricardo customers who have kindly has come with agreed to co-operate with RQ and allow a controversial their programmes to be highlighted in Land Rover: study published print: without such help from customers it Chassis rig displays by Oregon-based CNW would not be possible to present such a hybrid technologies Marketing Research. Totalling the fascinating insight into the way vehicles than detract from the energy necessary to design, are conceived and developed. Land Rover range’s best-in-class off manufacture, run, maintain and road performance. recycle each of over 300 different The first innovation to reach the models, CNB came to the shock showroom is likely to be a belt-driven conclusion that hybrid vehicles integrated starter-generator. Typical of demanded more energy overall than the measures is the integrated rear their gasoline or diesel equivalents. axle drive, which adds an electric Comparing the Honda Civic hybrid motor to a conventional mechanical with its gasoline-only companion, rear axle. This, says Land Rover, is of CNW’s figures show the hybrid costing great benefit off road, provides $3.238 per mile over its assumed regeneration of braking energy and lifetime, as opposed to $2.420 for the also allows the vehicle to run up to 30 conventional car. A Ford Escape hybrid km/h without the engine restarting. rates $3.178 per mile, while the Energy is stored in a high-capacity gasoline-only model is $1.950. Even lithium-ion battery, to be packaged the highly successful Toyota Prius rates under the rear seat in most models. a costly $3.249 – worse than the huge Ford Group’s new 3.6 litre V8 diesel A further innovation, again capable Cadillac Escalade and Lexus LX 470 engine is built on the same Dagenham, of being applied to all models and all luxury SUVs.