Four rightly guided caliphs timeline Continue The Sunni, the first four successors to Muhammad : Abu Bakr al-Siddiq , Umar ibn al-Khattab , Uthman ibn Affan , and Ali ibn Abi Talib . They were all prominent associates of Muhammad and belonged to the Quraysh tribe. The period of their reign is considered a golden age, when the caliphs were consciously governed by Muhammad's practices. During this period came the creation of Arab Muslim rule in the heart of the Middle East and preparations for conquests and expansion, which were carried out during later dynastic periods. Umar is portrayed as the dominant personality among the caliphs, which has many basic institutions of the classical Islamic state. Uthman is usually held responsible for the canonization of the Koran, as he is known today. He is described as personally pious, but lacks the character needed to resist unscrupulous relatives. Uthman's murder by discontent triggered a Fitnah era (unrest, civil war), which brought about the dissolution of the previously united community, the takeover of the caliphate by the Umayyad family and the end of the Arab-centric Era of Islam. See also Abu Bakr al-Siddiq; Ali ibn Abi Talib; Umar ibn al-Khattab; Uthman ibn Affan First four califa after the death of Muhammad is part of a series of Islamic beliefs unit of God prophets Revealed Books Day resurrection predestitation exercises Profession faith Prayer Alms-giving fasting pilgrimage texts and sciences Koran Sunnah (Hadith, Sirah) Aqidah (creed) Tafsir (exegesis) Fiqh (jurisprudence) Sharia (law) History Timeline Muhammad Ahl al-Bayt Sahabah Rashidun Caliphate Imamate spread the Islamic inheritance Muhammad Culture and Society Academics Animals Art Calendar Children Circumcision Perception Perception Economics Education Exorcism Feminism Festivals Finance LGBT Madrasa Moral Teachings Mosque mysticism Philosophy Poetry Politics Proselytizing Science Slavery Social welfare women topics related to the brogation of Islamic apostasy islam criticism islam Muhammad Koran Hadith Islam and other religions Islam and violence terrorism war Islamophobia Jihadjhadism Vocate Islam portalvte part of a series of sunnita Islamic beliefs monotheism prophets and messengers holy books Inheritance Muhammad Angels Judgment Day predestation five pillars declaration faith Prayer Fasting Pilgrimage Correctly led caliphs Abu Bakr Umar ibn al-Khattab Uthman ibn Affan Ali ibn Abi Talib Others Hasan ibn Ali 'Umar ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz Sunni schools of law Hanafi Maliki Shafi'i Hanbali Others Zahiri Awza'i Thawri Laythi Jariri sunni schools of theology Ahl al-Hadith (Athar is) Ahl al-Ra'y (Ash 'aris and Maturidis) Ihsan Ahl al-Wijdan wa al-Kashf (Sufis) Contemporary movements al-Ahbash Ahl-i Hadith Barelvi Deobandi Islamic modernism Salafi movement Wahhabism International propagation of salafism and Khulafāʾu ar-Rāshidūn), often simply called, collectively, the Rashidun, a term for Sunni Islam refers to the 30-year reign (632-661) of the first four caliphs اﻟﻼااااااااااا :wahhabism by Holy sites jerusalem Mekka Medina lists Literature Kutub al-Sittah Islamic portalvte the Rashidun califa (Correctly led califa; Arabic (offspring) after the death of Islam's Prophet Muhammad, namely: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman ibn Affan, and Ali of the Rashidun caliphate, the first caliphate. Hasan ibn Ali's caliphate is sometimes considered Rashidun, but since it was only a six-month period, it is categorically not mentioned. This is a reference to Sunni necessity Keep firmly in my example (sunnah) and that of correctly directed caliphs (Ibn Majah, Abu Dawood). [1] History See also Succession of Muhammad The name of the first four cali trees written on the dome of the new mosque in Eminönü, Istanbul. Construction began during sultan Safiye and turhan sultan, iv. The first four caliphs who ruled after Muhammad's death Khulafāʾ often described as Rāshidūn. Rashidun was either elected by a council (see election of Uthman and Islamic democracy) or was chosen at the wishes of its predecessor. In the order of succession, the Rāshidūn were:[2][3] Abu Bakr (632–634 CE). Umar ibn al-Khattab (Umar O. 634-644 CE) – Umar is often prescribed to Omar on a Western scholarship. Uthman ibn Affan (644-656 CE) - Uthman often wrote about Othman (or Osman) on some non-Arab scholarship. Ali ibn Abi Talib (656-661 CE) – During this period, however, Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan (Muawiyah I) ized, romanized by Abdullāh bin Abī Quhāfah), c. 573 CE unknown exact date was the lead partner (Sahabi) and father-in-law of Mohamed. From 632–634, he ruled theﺑﺒﺒﺎﻻن ﺑﺒﻴﻴﺎااا :controlled the Levant and Egypt region independently of Ali. Abu Bakr Main article: Abu Bakr Abu Bakr (Abdullah ibn Abi Qahafa, (Arabic Rashidun caliphate when he became the first Muslim caliph following Muhammad's death. [4] As a Caliph, Abu Bakr successfully replaced the political and administrative duties muhammad had previously exercised, as the religious function and authority of propheticism ended with Muhammad's death, according to Islam. and this title was known to later generations of Muslims. It prevented the spread of recently converted Muslims, united the community and consolidated the grip of Islam in the region by curbing Ridda, while expanding Dar Al Islam all the way to the Red Sea. Umar ,(ااﻻاااااااااااااااا :Abu Bakr was called As-Siddiq (Arabic ibn al-Khattab Main article: Umar Umar Family Family Tree Umar Abdullah ibn Umar (son) Hafsa bint No, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no Asim ibn Umar (son) Views Sunni view of Umar Ten Promised Paradise Shi'a view of Umar Related articles Treaty of Hudaybiyya Rashidun Caliph romanized by Umar ibn al-Khattāb, c. 586-590 – 590 644[5]:685) November 2 (Dhu al-Hijjah 26, 23 Islam[6]) was one of Muhammad's main associates and advisers. She , ﻣﻤﺮاب اﻻاﺑﺐ :Success to Muhammad Umar at Fatimah's house Military conquests Reforms (Pact of Umar) Category Islam portalvte Umar (Arabic was married to her daughter, Hafsa bint Umar Mohamed; So he became Muhammad's father-in-law. After Muhammad's death, he became the second Muslim califa and ruled for 10 years. On August 23, 2011, he succeeded Abu Bakr as a second caliph and played a significant role in Islam. Under Umar, the Islamic empire expanded to an unprecedented degree and ruled the entire Persian Empire of Sassanid and more than two-thirds of the Eastern Roman Empire. [8] His legislative capabilities, solid political and administrative control over a rapidly expanding empire, and brilliantly coordinated, multi-branch attacks on the Persian Empire that led to the persian empire's conquest in less than two years have made him a great political and military leader. Among his conquests are Jerusalem, Damascus and Egypt. [9] He was killed by a Persian prisoner named Firouz Nahavandi. Uthman ibn Affan Main article: Uthman ibn Affan UthmanThe .Uthmān ibn 'Affān) (c. 579 – July 17, 656) Was one of Muhammad's early companions and sons ﻣﻤﺎن اا :Generous - (Al Ghani) Related articles rashidun kalif the geneacy of Uthman The election siege of Uthman Samarkand Kufic Koran military campaigns under Caliph Uthman category Islamic portalvte Uthman (Arabic Uthman was born into the Mekka Umayyad clan, a powerful family of quraysh tribes. At the age of 70, he became a califa. Under his leadership, the empire expanded to Fars (now Iran) in 650 and khorasan (now Afghanistan) in 651, and the conquest of Armenia began in the 640s. [10] His reign ended when he was assassinated. Uthman is perhaps best known for forming a committee whose task was producing copies of the Koran based on a text that had been collected separately from parchment, bones and rocks over the lifetime of Muhammad, as well as a copy of the Koran that had reconciled Abu Bakr and left Muhammad's widow after Abu Bakr's death. Committee members also reciters the Koran and have noted the entire text over the lifetime of Muhammad. This work is due to the huge expansion of Islam, under The Rule of Uthman, which has encountered many different dialects and languages. This led to the reading of the Koran variant for those who who don't know the language. After clarifying possible errors in pronunciation or dialects, Uthman sent copies of the sacred text to Muslim cities and garrison cities and destroyed variant texts. [11] Ali ibn Abi Talib Main Articles: Ali, as califa and the first Fitna part of a series Ali Views Sunni view of Ali Shia view of Ali Life Birthplace First Fitna Assassination Timeline of Ali life Alids Event of Ghadir Khumm Legacy Nahj al-Balagha Al-Ghadir Qalam-e-Mowla Zulfiqar Imam Ali Mosque Ghurar al-Hikam wa Durar al-Kalim Outlook Military Career Ali Ali, as Califa The Fourteen Fallacy Imam (The Twelve Imams) Ali of the romanized by 'Alī ibn Abī Ālib) was a cousin of Muhammad. He was Muhammad's second companion after Khadijah accepted Islam. He was only 10 when he resed. At the age of , ﻟﻠﻲ اﺑﻦ ﺑﺒﻲ ااﻟﺐ :Qur'an articles related to Rashidun Califa (Rashidun Califa) the Succession of Muhammad Shia Islam portalvte Ali (Arabic 21, he married Fatimah, Muhammed's youngest daughter, Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, and became Muhammed's son-in-i.e. He had three sons (Hasan, Husayn and Muhsin) and two daughters (um Kulthum and Zaynab) from Fatimah. He was a scribe of the Koran who kept a written copy of it and memorized the poems, as and cared for Medina in absentia. [summons required] After Uthman's death, Medina was in political chaos for days. Four days later, when the rebels who killed (ﻣﺎاﺟﺎاااااااا :caliphate), he was a member of Majlis ash-Shura (Arabic ,اِااااﻓﺎااااااا :it turned out. At the time of Uthman, Umar, and Abu Bakr Khilafat (Arabic Uthman felt the need for a new Khalifa to be chosen before they left Medina, many companions kavalu odaali to the role of the califa, which he refused to do initially.