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Crown 8vo, 2.. orf. net 1<N I.IM praached < ; 74- ivo, 3*. 6^L oat. N O M A N VDKAS. A HISTORY OF THE PAPACY FROM THE GREAT SCHISM TO THE SACK OF ROME BY M. CREIGHTON, D.D., OXON. AND CAM. LATE LORD BISHOP OF LONDON DIXIE PROFESSOR OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE HON. FELLOW OF MERTON COLLEGE, OXFORD, AND EMMANUEL COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE LL.D. OF GLASGOW AND HARVARD; D.C.L. OF DURHAM; LITT. D. OF DUBLIN FELLOW OF THE SOCIETA ROMANA DI STORIA PATRIA NEW EDITION IN SIX VOLUMES VOL. II. NE W IMPRESSION LONGMANS, GREEN AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON FOURTH AVENUE & 30TH STREET, NEW YORK BOMBAY, CALCUTTA, AND MADRAS 1914 All rights reserved t*y& CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME BOOK II. continued. THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE. 1414 1418. CHAPTER IV. fOHN HUS IN BOHEMIA. 13981414. 4.O AGK 1369-1402. Early life of Hus 3 Position of Hus 4 of of . 1403. Condemnation Wyclif by University Prag 4 Hus and Archbishop Zbynek .... 5 1406-8. Zbynek proceeds against Wyclifite teachers . 5 1408-9. Influence of the Council of Pisa on Wenzel's position 6 1409. The Germans quit the University of Prag . 7 Influence of this on Germany .... 8 Bull of Alexander V. against Bohemian heretics . 9 Hus protests against the Bull .... 10 Zbynek burns Wyclifs writings . 12 Hus excommunicated by Cardinal Colonna . 13 Temporary truce 13 Hus protests against the sale of indulgences . 15 Tumult in Prag 16 Excommunication of Hus 17 I4I2-3. Hus in exile 18 Wenzel attempts to make peace .... 18 Literary activity of Hus 19 Theological opinions of Hus .... 19 1414. Hus agrees to go to the Council of Constance 22 Journey of Hus to Constance .... 23 CONTENTS OP THE SECOND VOLUME. CHAPTER V. THE COUNCIL Of CONSTANCE AND THE BOHEMIAN REFORMERS 14141416. 4.0 *< 1414. Hus and the opening of the Council 25 Enemies of Hus at Constance 25 26 Opinions at the Council about Hus Nov. a8. Hus imprisoned 28 Hus before the Pope and Cardinals 28 1415. Anger of Sigismund at the violation of his safe-conduct . 30 Arguments in favour of disregarding the safe-conduct . 31 May 4. Condemnation of Wyclifs writings 33 May 16-31. Protest of Hus's friends 34 The Communion under both kinds in Bohemia . -35 May 83. Capture of Jerome of Prag . .... 36 Different positions of Hus and the Council .... 37 June 5. First audience of Hus 38 June 7. Second audience of Hus 39 Attitude of Sigismund 41 June 8. Third audience of Hus 42 Incautious confidences of Sigismund 44 Attempt to induce Hus to retract 45 June 15. Decree against the Communion under both kinds . 46 Hus bids farewell to bis friends 47 July 6. Formal condemnation of Hus 48 Hus degraded from the priesthood 49 Death of Hus 49 Fairness of Hus's trial 50 J U J73~\ Effects of the death of Hus in Bohemia .... 51 . 10. Recantation of Jerome of Prag 53 Feb.. 1416. Proceedings against Jerome 53 Poggio's account of the trial 54 Mayas. Trial of Jerome 55 Mays* Jerome's second audience 56 Jerome withdraws his recantation .... 57 May 30. Death of Jerome 57 CHAPTER VI. SIOtSMUND'S JOUINEY, AND THE COUNCIL DURING HIS ABSENCE. 14151416. July4 .T 4 i5 Abdication of Gregory XI I. 59 8. Departort of Sigismund from Constance .... 59 BbDHstDBQ ftt Pcrpifidn . * . * 60 Reristaoce of Benedict Xlli 61 Dec. 13. Articles of Narbonne 62 Joy at Constance 6a CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME. A.D. 1416. Plans of Sigismund ........ 63 Mar. -Apr. Sigismund in Paris . 64 August. Failure of Sigismund's peace projects ..... 65 Aug. 15. Treaty of Canterbury 65 to Constance .'an., 1417. Return of Sigismund ..... 66 July, 1415. Appointment of first Reform Commission .... 67 Complaint of the French nation against Annates . 68 November. Failure of their movement against Annates .... 69 1415-6. Lethargy of the Council about Reform . 70 Opinions of Jean Petit ........ 7i 1413. Condemnation of Petit by the Bishop of Paris 71 1415. Moderating attitude of the Council towards the question 72 Quarrel of Gerson and the Burgundian party /?3 1416. Action of the Cardinals 74 Opinions in the Council about Petit's propositions . 74 Oct. 15. Incorporation of Aragon 76 Nov. -Dec. Discord of the French and English 76 CHAPTER VII. THE COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE AND THE ELECTION OF MAKTIN V. 1417. 1417. Position of the Council 78 March 3. Protest of the French against the English Nation 79 March 30. Answer of the English * 80 January. Citation of Benedict XIII. 82 March 30. Demand of Castile for a new election . 82 Question of the Council's procedure 83 Parties in the Council .... 84 Change of attitude of the French Nation 86 April-June. Disturbance about the order of business 88 July ii. Compromise ..... 89 July 26. Deposition of Benedict XIII. 90 Oct. 8, 1416. Report of the First Reform Commission 90 1417. Appointment of a Second Reform Commission 91 Sept. 9. The Cardinals press for a Papal election 9i Sept. 9-11. Renewed disturbances at Constance . 92 Sept. ii. Protest of the Cardinals .... 93 Diminution of Sigismund's party . 94 Sept. 14. Resistance of the Germans .... 94 Sigismund deserted by the English 94 Oct. 2. Sigismund driven to consent to a new election 96 Oct. 9. Reform decrees . 96 Compromise made by the Bishop of Winchester 97 Oct. 30. Decrees for furtherance of Reform . 98 Nov. 8. Beginning of the Conclave . 99 Nov. 9-10. Proceedings of the Conclave . 100 Nov. ii. Election of Oddo Colonna .... ICO CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME. CHAPTER VIII. MARTIN V. AND THE REFORMATION AT CONSTANCE. END OP THE COUNCIL. 14171418. A D PAOB 1417 Martin V. confirms the Chancery rules . .103 Rules of the Papal Chancery 103 Nov. ai. Coronation of Martin V io.j Difficulties in the way of Reform 105 Jan., 1418. Martin V.'s Reform programme 106 February. Embassy of the Greeks 107 Questions of Petit and Falkenberg 109 March ai. Reform Statutes no The Concordats of Constance 1 1 1 Contents of the Concordats .112 The Brethren of Common Life 1 1 1 1 Position of Matthias Grabow . April Grabow condemned by D'Ailly and Gcrson . .115 April 22. Dissolution of the Council . * II May 16. Martin V. leaves Constance no Difficulties of Sigismund's departure 117 Fortunes of D'Ailly and Gerson 118 Results of the Reformation of Constance .... Reforms mooted at Constance 120 Renewal of Synods 120 Reorganisation of the College of Cardinals . .121 Papal taxation 121 Papal law courts . 123 Papal grants 123 Papal dispensations 124 Papal revenues iss Causes of the failure of the Reform at Constance . Defective organisation of the Council 126 BOOK III. THE COUNCIL OF BASEL. 14191444. CHAPTER I. MARTIN V. AND ITALIAN AFFAIRS. 14191425. 1418 Martin V. journeys to Italy . 1.3' Feb.. 1419 Martin V. at Florence . 141416. For; un-s of Naples 132 Rise of Braccio 133 CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME. A.D. PAGE 1417. Braccio in Rome . 134 1419. Alliance of Martin V. with Giovanna II 135 June i. Submission of Baldassare Cossa . 136 Martin V. suspicious of Giovanna II. 138 in Florence 8 Feb. , 1420. Braccio i3 June. Sforza declares for Louis III. of Anjou .... 140 Alliance of Giovanna II. with Alfonso V. of Aragon . 140 Discontent of Martin V. with the Florentines . .141 Sept. Martin V. goes to Rome 142 1422. Peace in Naples *43 1423. Giovanna II. adopts Louis of Anjou 144 October. Alfonso leaves Naples 145 at . April. Martin V. summons a Council Pavia . .145 to Siena July. Council transferred ....... 146 Aug. -Nov. Contest about safe-conduct ....... 147 Intrigues of the Curial party 147 Feb., 1424. The Reformers abandoned by the Franco . .149 March. Dissolution of the Council of Siena 149 1425. Reform Constitution of Martin V 150 Death of Sforza Jan. , 1424. 151 June. Death of Braccio 152 1424-30. Martin V. recovers the States of the Church . .152 Nov., 1424. Death of Benedict XIII 154 1429. End of the anti-Popes 154 CHAPTER II. MARTIN V. AND THE PAPAL RESTORATION. BEGINNINGS OF EUGENIU6 IV. 14251432. 1420-25. Martin V. and France * . 156 1423. Martin V. reproves Archbishop Chichele 157 1426-27. Martin V. makes Henry Beaufort Cardinal and legate . 157 1427-28. Martin V. humbles Archbishop Chichele . 158 1429. Beaufort's Crusade against the Hussites . 160 Results of Martin V.'s policy in England 160 Architectural works of Martin V. 161 Martin V. and his Cardinals ..... 161 Coijrt of Martin V 162 Feb., 1431.