Cultural Resources Survey of a 0.98 Mile Long Segment within State Trust Land and Bureau of Land Management Land on Juniper Flats Road, Northeast of Bisbee, Cochise County, Arizona Michael W. Diehl Reviewed by Patricia Castalia Desert Archaeology, Inc. 3975 N. Tucson Boulevard Tucson, Arizona 85716 Submitted to Juniper Flats Road Maintenance Association Jim Alexander P.O. Box 788 Bisbee, AZ 85603-0788 Project Report No. 17-105 Desert Archaeology, Inc. Project No. 17-111 3975 N. Tucson Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85716 ● 25 April 2017 SURVEY REPORT ABSTRACT Report Title: Cultural Resources Survey of a 0.98 Mile Long Segment within State Trust Land and Bureau of Land Management Land on Juniper Flats Road, Northeast of Bisbee, Cochise County, Arizona Client: Juniper Flats Road Maintenance Association Client Project Name: Compliance Level: State (Arizona State Land Department), Federal (Bureau of Land Management [BLM]) Applicable Laws/Regulations: Arizona Antiquities Act of 1960 (ARS 41-841, et seq., as amended), Arizona Historic Preservation Act of 1982 (ARS 41-861, as amended), National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (16 USC 470f, as amended). Applicable Permits: Arizona Antiquities Act Blanket Permit 2017-065bl, Archaeological Resources Protection Act Permit AZ-000595. Arizona State Museum Accession No. 2017-0110. Tribal Consultation: N/A Project Description: Class III cultural resources survey of 0.98-mile long segment of 90-ft-wide road right-of-way (ROW) on Arizona State Trust Land and BLM land Fieldwork Dates and Person-days: 7 April 2017; 1 person-day Final Disposition of Records: Arizona State Museum, BLM Tucson Field Office Legal Description: Cochise County, Sections 25 and 36, Township 22 South, Range 23 East, Gila and Salt River Base and Meridian, as depicted on the USGS 7.5-minute topographic quad Bisbee, Ariz. (AZ FF:9 NW) Land Ownership: State of Arizona, BLM Area of Archaeological Concern: The area of concern includes the entire ROW for Juniper Flats Road and all land within 15 m of the ROW on both sides of the road. The existing road has been disturbed by mechanical grading. The area closely inspected was outside of the existing graded road surface and included all pedestrian-navigable land within 15 m of the road. Number of Surveyed Acres: 13.7 Number of Sites: 0 Properties that Meet Register Eligibility Criteria: 0 Properties that Do Not Meet Register Eligibility Criteria: 1 Survey Report Abstract Page 3 Summary of Results: The survey identified one Isolated Occurrence, Juniper Flats Road. Assessment of the road condition and context indicates that Juniper Flats Road, in the surveyed area, does not meet National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility criteria. Recommendations: Desert Archaeology recommends that the road improvement project proceed as planned. If approved the Juniper Flats Road Maintenance Association should be aware that any archaeological or historical materials discovered during improvements to the subject ROW should be reported immediately and road work in the vicinity be suspended until a qualified archaeologist has had an opportunity to evaluate the finds. TABLE OF CONTENTS COMPLIANCE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................. 2 LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................... 5 LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................................. 5 PROJECT LOCATION, DESCRIPTION, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ........................................6 Project Description ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Environmental Setting................................................................................................................................... 8 CULTURAL BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT AREA .............................................................................8 DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE AND PRIOR RESEARCH..........................................................................11 Previous Cultural Resource Studies .......................................................................................................... 12 JUNIPER FLATS ROAD SURVEY METHODS AND RESULTS .................................................................14 Results ........................................................................................................................................................... 14 RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................................................................... 14 REFERENCES CITED ....................................................................................................................................... 15 LIST OF FIGURES 1. The Juniper Flats Road survey project area and land ownership ...................................................... 7 2. Detail of BLM GLO map of "Sure Thing No.1" and "Sure Thing No.2" mining claims, 1932 .............................................................................................................................................. 11 3. Reproduction of USGS 7.5-minute topographic quad Bisbee, Ariz. (AZ FF:9: NW) showing the current project area and previously recorded cultural resources and surveys within 1 mile of the project area ............................................................................................. 13 LIST OF TABLES 1. Previous cultural resource surveys within 1 mile of the project area identified in AZSITE records search .................................................................................................... 12 2. Previously identified cultural properties within 1 mile of the project area identified in AZSITE records search .................................................................................................... 12 CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY OF A 0.98 MILE LONG SEGMENT WITHIN STATE TRUST LAND AND BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT LAND ON JUNIPER FLATS ROAD, NORTHWEST OF BISBEE, COCHISE COUNTY, ARIZONA This report presents the results of an approximately 1-mile-long cultural resources survey of a 90-ft- wide road right-of-way (ROW) located on Arizona State Trust and Bureau of Land Management (BLM) land situated northwest of the town of Bisbee, Cochise County, Arizona. The work was requested by the Juniper Flats Road Maintenance Association to determine whether significant archaeological resources or historical properties were located within or close to the road ROW. The Juniper Flats Road Maintenance Association has applied for road improvement permits through the Arizona State Land Department (ASLD ROW Application No. 18-117940) and the BLM (Serial Number AZA-036994). Michael Diehl of Desert Archaeology, Inc., conducted the survey on 7 April 2017. Fieldwork was authorized under Arizona Antiquities Act Blanket Permit No. 2017-065bl, issued by the Arizona State Museum (ASM), and an Archaeological Resources Protection Act fieldwork authorization issued by the BLM (AZ-000595). Sarah A. Herr served as Principal Investigator and Michael Diehl as Project Director. The accession number assigned by the ASM is 2017-0110. No prehistoric or historic archaeological sites were observed in the surveyed area. One historic era Isolated Occurrence, Juniper Flats Road, was identified. Based on the present road condition and the absence of significant resources in the surveyed area, it is suggested that Juniper Flats Road within the surveyed area does not meet National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility requirements. This report includes a description of the project area, cultural and environmental background information, a summary of previous research in the vicinity, the methods and results of the survey, and recommendations. PROJECT LOCATION, DESCRIPTION, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The project area is situated along Juniper Flats Road in the Mule Mountains, northwest of Bisbee, Arizona. As depicted on the Bisbee, Ariz. 7.5-minute topographic quad (designated AZ FF:9 [NW] on the ASM Archaeological Survey grid; Figure 1), the ROW follows the irregular, natural contours of the landscape parallel to the slope through Sections 36 and 25 in Township 22 South, Range 23 East of the Gila and Salt River Baseline and Meridian. Project Description The cultural resources investigation was conducted as part of the application process to grant the Juniper Flats Road Maintenance Association authorization to make improvements to Juniper Flats Road on State Trust and BLM land (ASLD ROW Application No. 18-117940 and BLM Serial Number AZA-036994). Residents use Juniper Flats Road as a primary travel corridor between private properties adjacent to the road and State Route 80. The surveyed area is 0.98 miles long and 90 ft wide, centered on Juniper Flats Road, and has an area of 13.7 acres. Elevations in the project range from 6,870 ft at the northwest end to 6, 970 ft at the southeast end. Cultural Resources Survey within State Trust Land and Bureau of Land Management Land on Page 7 Juniper Flats Road, Northeast of Bisbee, Cochise County, Arizona Figure 1. The Juniper Flats Road survey project area and land ownership. Cultural Resources Survey within State Trust Land and Bureau of Land Management Land on Page 8 Juniper Flats Road, Northeast