Jacob Daan Engel & Syamsu Yusuf, The Effectiveness of The Logotherapy THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LOGOTHERAPY COUNSELING MODEL DEVELOPMENT TO IMPROVE LOW SELF-ESTEEM OF WOMEN VICTIMS OF TRAFFICKING Jacob Daan Engel and Syamsu Yusuf Satya Wacana Christian University - Indonesia University of Education ABSTRACT The research aimed to produce an effective developmental model of logotherapy counseling to improve the low self-esteem of women victims of traffi cking. The research employed descriptive- analytical method, using quasi-experiment because it aimed to describe, analyze, and test the effectiveness of logotherapy counseling model. The activities of the research consisted of a series of model validity test, namely model rationality test, model practicability test, limited test and fi eld test; hence, the research used research and development, participatory approach, and a mix of qualitative and quantitative research. The techniques of data collection used were interview, questionnaire, and observation. The results of the research demonstrated that the use of logotherapy counseling as an intervention program for the experimental group was more effective and had given better results in the dynamics of behavior changes among women victims of traffi cking. The effectiveness was also proven by the results of observation and interview, showing positive values in the dynamics of victims’ behavior changes. Logotherapy counseling model has its strengths in self-exploration, self-acceptance, dissociation, self-transcendence, attitudinal values, and self-awareness, which are integrated with self-potential, self-activity and self-evaluation, so that the model can trigger positive changes among the women victims of traffi cking. Therefore, there should be a training manual of logotherapy counseling model for social workers in order to improve both conceptual and empirical aspects of treatment, where the former focuses on material comprehension, problem and skill development; and the latter on technique, counseling strategy and approach. Keywords: Effectiveness, Model Development, Logotherapy Counseling, Low Self- Esteem, Women Victims of Trafficking Introduction in an attempt of prevention, development, and Women victims of trafficking with improvement. Departing from Kartadinata’s low self-esteem became the focus of this understanding, guidance is needed by women research because the issue of low self-esteem who have healthy self-esteem in an effort experienced by women victims of trafficking of preventing conditions that can hinder is a gap that should be improved or abridged, development from happening, so that the so that the humanistic values of women, such women can develop themselves and become as justice and equality can be realized and agent of change. In the context of this the women will have a healthy self-esteem, research, women victims of trafficking require succeed, and survive. Education is thus needed counseling to improve their low self-esteem to improve or bridge the gap. In this research, into healthy self-esteem; furthermore, they education is oriented to a process of guidance will continuously need guidance as a lifelong and counseling. education process. According to Kartadinata (2009: 5-6), Conceptually, healthy self-esteem in the main focus of counseling and guidance is the perspective of Branden (1990: 6-7, 15) not the problem, but the personal-individual, is the aspects of thinking and self-value, 27 International Journal of Education, Vol. 7 No. 1 Desember 2013 describing one’s ability to improve his or developmental issue and spiritual dimension her spiritual development, namely self- of the low self-esteem of women victims awareness, self-acceptance, self-assertiveness, of trafficking and which holds onto the purposefulness, self-responsibility, and spiritual values, only has three techniques self-integrity. The indicator of the spiritual and approaches (Frankl, 1985a: 129-179). development of healthy self-esteem is the Thus, a model development of logotherapy ability of one to improve his or her spiritual counseling should be conducted. On the other dimensions, namely self-potential, self- hand, the average educational background of activity, and self-evaluation, which according these female victims of trafficking that was in to Frankl (2000: 123-4), originate from three the low category, namely 70% were graduates kinds of humanistic values, which are creative of and did not finish primary school, became values, experiential values, and attitudinal the consideration of the need of model values. development in implementing logotherapy The results of field study showed that counseling service. the issues of women victims of trafficking Proceeding from the issues under at the Social Shelter for Women in Need research explained above, the research of Protection, Women’s Social Welfare question is formulated into “How does the Institution ”Mulya Jaya” Jakarta, lie on the result of model development of logotherapy inability to improve the spiritual dimension and counseling effectively improve the low self- development to solve physical, psychological, esteem of women victims of trafficking at and sexual conditions. On the other hand, the Social Shelter for Women in Need of the actual counseling treatment for the issues Special Protection, Women’s Social Welfare of spiritual dimension and development of Institution ‘Mulya Jaya’ Jakarta?” This the low self-esteem of female victims of main issue is elaborated into the following trafficking at ”Mulya Jaya” Jakarta was only questions: for a short term of three months, oriented not 1. What are the problems of the low self- on the process and exploration, but tended to esteem of women victims of trafficking be on the symptoms observable among the at the Social Shelter for Women in Need victims referred to ”Mulya Jaya” Jakarta. of Special Protection, Women’s Social Therefore, there is a gap in the treatment Welfare Institution “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta? for the developmental issue and spiritual 2. How actual is the counseling to the issues dimension of the low self-esteem of women of spiritual dimension and development victims of trafficking. of the low self-esteem of women victims Based on the understanding of of trafficking at “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta? healthy self-esteem and the results of the 3. How is the logotherapy counseling aforementioned field study, it can be inferred model resulted from the development that the low self-esteem experienced by women appropriate for the improvement of the victims of trafficking illustrates their inability spiritual dimension and development of to improve their spiritual development, the low self-esteem of women victims of namely self-awareness, self-acceptance, trafficking at “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta? self-assertiveness, purposefulness, self- 4. Is the logotherapy counseling model responsibility and self-integrity, and spiritual produced effective in improving the dimensions, so that there were seven problems spiritual dimension and development of requiring seven techniques and approaches to women victims of trafficking with low solve them. Meanwhile, logotherapy model self-esteem at “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta? in the perspective of Frankl, which is seen as an appropriate approach to improve the 28 Jacob Daan Engel & Syamsu Yusuf, The Effectiveness of The Logotherapy RESEARCH PURPOSE of trafficking in Indonesia under the Ministry The purpose of this research is to of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. “Produce an effective logotherapy counseling The population and sample of this research developmental model to improve the spiritual were women victims of trafficking as many as dimension and development of women 30 people, divided equally into experimental victims of trafficking with low self-esteem and control group, each consisting of 15 at the Social Shelter for Women in Need of women. Special Protection, Women’s Social Welfare From the above table, it is found that the Institution ‘Mulya Jaya’ Jakarta.” This main majority of women victims of trafficking were aim is elaborated as follows: at a productive age (70%), single and divorced 1. To find the issues of low self-esteem (70%), with low educational background among women victims of trafficking at (70% for Primary School graduates and its the Social Shelter for Women in Need Dropouts). of Special Protection, Women’s Social The research method employed was Welfare Institution “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta. descriptive-analytical method and quasi 2. To find the actual conduct of counseling for experiment. Descriptive-analytical method the spiritual dimension and development was employed to systematically, factually, and of the low self-esteem of women victims accurately explain the facts and traits pertaining of trafficking at “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta. to the substance of the research (Nazir, 2009: 3. To formulate a logotherapy counseling 54-55, 61). What described in this research is developmental model appropriate to the objective condition of the spiritual issues improve the spiritual dimension and of women victims of trafficking with low development of women victims of self-esteem and the actual implementation of trafficking with low self-esteem at “Mulya counseling service at the Social Shelter for Jaya” Jakarta. Women in Need of Protection, Women’s Social 4. To prove the effectiveness of the Welfare Institution “Mulya Jaya” Jakarta. produced logotherapy counseling model Meanwhile, the analysis focuses on the gap in improving the spiritual dimension in problem treatment, the need of counseling and development of women