Treaties, Acts and Settlements Navigation Acts of 1650, 1660, 1663, and 1696 a. Russia got Finland and most of Poland. British regulations designed to protect British b. Prussia got part of Poland and various German shipping from competition. Said that British colonies territories, including some bordering the could only import goods if they were shipped on Rhine River. British-owned vessels and at least 3/4 of the crew of c. Britain got colonial possessions that it had occupied the ship were British. during the war, including Malta, Ceylon, and South Africa. Maryland Toleration Act : (1689) Other territories compensated victorious nations that Act of Parliament granting freedom of worship to gave up territory. non-conformists. It allowed non-conformists their a. Holland lost Ceylon and South Africa but got own places of worship and their own preachers, Belgium. subject to the acceptance of certain oaths of b. Austria lost Belgium but got Lombardy and allegiance. The act did not apply to Catholics and Venetia. Unitarians. c. Sweden lost Finland but got Norway. Woolen Act: (1699) Stamp Act: (1765) Passed by Parliament to prohibit the export and Part of Grenville’s plan to defray the cost of inter-colonial sale of certain textiles in an attempt to maintaining the British army along the American protect the British textile industry from forming frontier. Revenue stamps were attached to printed colonial manufacturers. Colonists were to only matter and legal documents, newspapers, and supply raw material. insurance papers etc. For the colonists the main issue was “no taxation without representation.” Public Molasses Act: (1733) protests increased until it was repealed in 1766. A British law that imposed a tax on sugar, molasses, and rum imported from non-British colonies into Sugar Act: (1764) North American colonies. It was intended to Provided for strong enforcement of the duties on maintain the monopoly of the American sugar market refined sugar and molasses imported into the colonies by the West Indies sugarcane growers. It was the from non-British Caribbean sources to reduce least successful of the Navigation Acts, since it was smuggling. It granted a monopoly on the American avoided by smuggling. market to the West Indies sugar planters. PEACE OF PARIS OR TREATY OF PARIS: (1763) Ended the Seven Year's War (In America known as Townshend Acts: (1767) the French and Indian War) A series of four acts passed by the British Parliament England gained all of France’s North American in an effort to declare its right of colonial authority possessions east of the Mississippi River. Britain also through suspension of a representative assembly and gains control of Canada. Spain gained control of all through strict collection of revenue duties. They North American possessions west of the Mississippi posed an immediate threat to traditions of colonial River as well as the islands of Guadeloupe and self-government. Martinique. France keeps an interest in India, but she is not allowed to build forts or involve herself in Declaratory Act: (1766) politics. This eventually leads to British control of Stated that the British Parliament had the same India. power to tax in the colonies as it did in Great Britain. Parliament emphasized its authority to make binding Part II of Treaty of Paris laws on the American colonies. This second treaty was far harsher than the first. Legitimacy - (rightful, legitimate rulers deposed by Currency Act: (1764) the French Revolution or Napoleon were restored to Parliament assumed control of the colonial currency power). system. It banned the issue of any new bills and the Compensation - (the nations that made important re-issue of existing currency. Parliament preferred a contributions to Napoleon's defeat were compensated “hard currency” by territory. System based on the pound sterling. Tea Act: (1773) Treaty of Greenville, 1795 Legislative plan by the British to make English tea Drawn up after the Battle of Fallen Timbers. The 12 marketable in America. The North administration local Indian tribes gave the Americans the Ohio hoped to reaffirm Parliament’s right to levy direct Valley territory in exchange for a reservation and revenue taxes on the colonies. Lord North had $10,000. repealed four of the five Townshend duties, but he kept the tax on tea. This tax led to the Boston Tea Alien and Sedition Acts: (1798) Party (1773). Sought to prevent political protestors and possible spies out of the United States at a time when war with Quebec Act: (1774) France was expected. The 3 alien acts were aimed at Mandated that an appointed governor and a council Irish and French immigrants, who were mostly pro- would lead the Canadian government. The British French. The Sedition Act banned the publishing of also acknowledged that the Catholic Church would false or malevolent writings against the government enjoy a privileged position. This concession was to and the stirring up of opposition to any act of help diffuse any religious problems since the majority Congress or the president. of French people were Catholic and Canada was a British colony. The Act also put land north of the Naturalization Act: (1798) Ohio River within the boundary of Quebec. Required that aliens be residents for 14 years instead of 5 years before they became eligible for U.S. Intolerable Acts: (1774) citizenship. “Coercive Acts.” Four corrective actions passed by the British government in retaliation for acts of Louisiana Purchase Treaty, 1803 colonial defiance. They became the justification for The U.S. purchased the land from the Mississippi assembling the First Continental Congress in 1774. River to the Rocky Mountains from Napoleon for $15 The acts included the Boston Port Bill, Massachusetts million. Jefferson was interested in the territory Government Act, Administration of Justice, and because it would give the U.S. the Mississippi River Coercive act. and New Orleans (both were valuable for trade and shipping) and also room to expand.Napoleon wanted Land Ordinance of 1785 to sell because he needed money for his European A major success of the Articles of Confederation. campaigns and because a rebellion against the French Provided for the orderly surveying and distribution in Haiti had soured him on the idea of New World of land belonging to the U.S. colonies. The Constitution did not give the federal government the power to buy land, so Jefferson used Northwest Ordinance, 1787 loose construction to justify the purchase. A major success of the Articles of Confederation. Set up the framework of a government for the Northwest Embargo Act: (1807) territory. The Ordinance provided that the Territory Stopped the export of American goods and prohibited would be divided into 3 to 5 states, outlawed slavery American ships from sailing to foreign ports during in the Territory, and set 60,000 as the minimum the Napoleonic War. It also prohibited foreign ships population for statehood. from carrying cargo out of American ports. Jefferson had hoped that the disruption to trade with France Jay’s Treaty 1794 and England would force those countries to recognize It was signed in the hopes of settling the growing American neutrality. Two years later the act was conflicts between the U.S. and Britain. It dealt with rewritten to just involve trade with Britain and the Northwest posts and trade on the Mississippi France. Jefferson repealed the Act in 1809 since it River. It was unpopular with most Americans was basically unsuccessful, but it was one of the because it did not punish Britain for the attacks on reasons for the War of 1812. neutral American ships. It was particularly unpopular with France, because the U.S. also Non-Intercourse Act, 1809 accepted the British restrictions on the rights of Replaced the Embargo of 1807. Unlike the Embargo, neutrals. which forbade American trade with all foreign nations, this act only forbade trade with France and Pickney’s Treaty 1795 Britain. It did not succeed in changing British or Treaty between the U.S. and Spain which gave the French policy towards neutral ships, so it was U.S. the right to transport goods on the Mississippi replaced by Macon’s Bill No. 2. river and to store goods in the Spanish port of New Orleans. MACON’S BILL No. 2: (1810) This law was intended to persuade both France and MISSOURI COMPROMISE: (1820-1) Great Britain from illegal search and seizure When Missouri reached the required population to practices during the Napoleonic Wars. Nathaniel petition for statehood it was widely expected that the Macon proposed that the United States continue state would be a slave state since many of the trading with both belligerents but if one country inhabitants had moved there from southern states. It lifted trade restrictions then the United States would was believed that by adding Maine as a free state and not trade with the other country. The bill, which Missouri as a slave state the precarious balance in replaced the Non-Intercourse Act (1809), did not stop Congress would be maintained. When the bill the seizure of ships. The French informed the United reached the Senate the part that forbid slavery in States that they had lifted the Berlin and Milan Missouri was replaced with one that prohibited Decrees. The Americans could see that there were slavery in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of strings attached but still restored nonintercourse with the southern border of Missouri (36° 30´). The bill Britain. was rejected in the House and went to a conference committee. It was agreed that Maine would be added TREATY OF GHENT: (1814) as a free state and Missouri was ordered to write a This agreement was signed at the end of the War of Constitution that would have no restrictions on 1812.