Notes and References Chapter 1: The Coming of Islam The contemporaneous evidence for Islamisation is described in Damais, 'L'epigraphie musulmane dans le Sud-Est Asiatique', with references to previous literature; see also Damais, 'Etudes javanaises, I: Les tombes musulmanes datees de Tr~l~j~'. Chinese records are translated in Rockhill, 'Notes on the relations and trade of China with the eastern archipelago'; and in Groenveldt, 'Notes on the Malay Archipelago and Malacca'. On Marco Polo's account see Jack-Hinton, 'Marco Polo in South-East Asia'. Cortesao, Suma Oriental, contains the crucial text of Tome Pires in Portuguese and English translation. The Indonesian chronicles described above are found in the following: Hill, 'Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai'; Brown, Sejarah Melayu; Olthof, Babad Tanah Djawi; Djajadiningrat, Sadjarah Banten. Other legends are described in R. Jones, 'Ten conversion myths'. The two sixteenth-century Javanese Islamic books have both been edited and translated by Drewes: ]avaanse primbon and Admonitions of Seh Bari. A survey of some of the controversies surrounding Islamisation, with special attention to the sources of Indonesian Islam, is in Drewes, 'New Light'. On the Sufi argument see Johns, 'Sufism as a category'. See also Ricklefs, 'Six centuries of Islamisation '. Some materials on Islam in the areas outside of Indonesia which are mentioned in this chapter can be found in Hardy, 'Modern European and Muslim explanations of conversion to Islam in South Asia'; and in Majul, Muslims in the Philippines. Chapter 2: General Aspects of Pre-Colonial States and Major Empires, c. 1300- 1500 The general principles which underlay Indonesian states have been investigated in Moertono, State and statecraft in old java; Schrieke, Indonesian sociological studies (see especially vol. II, p. 102 ff.); and Reid and Castles, Pre-colonial state systems; see also Gullick, Indigenous political systems of western Malaya. Fisher, South-East Asia; and Pelzer, 'Physical and human resource patterns', describe the geography of the archipelago. The standard historical description of Majapahit, now rather out of date, is Krom, Hindoejavaansche geschiedenis. This is the main source for the discussion in Coedes, Les hats hindouises, which has been translated into English as Indian­ ised states of Southeast Asia. Slametmuljana, Story of Majapahit, contains much useful material, but some of the suggestions seem inadequately documented. For NOTES AND REFERENCES 281 the fifteenth century, all of these works have been superseded by Noorduyn, 'Majapahit in the fifteenth century'. A text and English translation of the Nagarakertiigama, and much other useful information, is given in Pigeaud, java in the 14th century. The Pararaton is in Brandes, 'Pararaton (Ken Arok)'; there is an Indonesian translation in Padmapuspita, Pararaton. C. C. Berg has published his arguments in several books and articles; see especially his Rijk van de vijfvoudige Buddha. On Malacca, see Wang, 'First three rulers of Malacca'; Wake, 'Malacca's early kings and the reception of Islam'; and the early chapters of Meilink-Roelofsz, Asian trade and European influence. An attempt to reconstruct Malacca's origins is Wolters, Fall of Siivijaya. The major source for its trade is Cortesao, Suma Oriental. Chapter 3: The Arrival of the Europeans in Indonesia, c. 1509-1620 The background and development of Portuguese overseas expansion are described in Boxer, Portuguese seaborne empire; and in Diffie and Winius, Foundations of the Portuguese empire (this, however, has some errors of detail concerning the Malay-Indonesian area). An excellent analysis of Dutch overseas activities is in Boxer, Dutch seaborne empire. See also Parry, Europe and a wider world, reprinted as Establishment ofthe European hegemony; and Masselman, Cradle ofcolonialism. An examination of Portuguese and early English and Dutch activities in Indonesia is to be found in Meilink-Roelofsz,Asian trade and European influence. Much material is also included in Tiele, 'Europeers in den Maleischen archipel'. A Malay chronicler's view of the conquest of Malacca is given in Brown, Sejarah Melayu. Portuguese and Dutch activities in Maluku are analysed in de Graaf, Ambon en de Zuid-Molukken. On sixteenth-century Maluku see also Abdurachman, 'Moluccan responses to the first intrusions of the West'. Abdurachman et al., Bunga rampai sejarah Maluku (I), covers the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. There is also interesting material collected in da Fran~a, Portuguese influence in Indonesia. Documents concerning Coen's period are in Colen brander and Coolhaas, jan Pietersz. Coen. The events surrounding the conquest of Batavia are described in Ricklefs, 'Banten and the Dutch in 1619'. Chapter 4: The Rise of New States, c. 1500-1650 There is much miscellaneous material on the states discussed above in Meilink­ Roelofsz, Asian trade and European influence. On Aceh and the states of the western archipelago, see Djajadiningrat, 'Geschiedenis van het Soeltanaat van Atjeh'; and Lombard, Iskandar Muda; see also the earlier parts of Andaya, King­ dom of johor. On Java, see de Graaf and Pigeaud, 'Eerste Moslimse vorstendommen op Java'; de Graaf, 'Senapati Ingalaga'; and de Graaf, 'Sultan Agung'. The first of these books lacks an index, which is to be found along with English summaries of the 282 A HISTORY OF MODERN INDONESIA other books listed here and other of de Graaf's writings in Pigeaud and de Graaf, 'Islamic states'. On the later years of Majapahit see Noorduyn, 'Majahapit in the fifteenth century'. The earliest Javanese chronicle so far discovered is published in Ricklefs, Modern j avanese historical tradition. Some Javanese chronicle views on the fall of Majapahit are also published in Ricklefs, 'Consideration of three versions of the Babad Tanab Djawi'. The Cirebon manuscript is published and translated into Indonesian in Atja, Tjarita Purwaka Tjaruban Nagari; its authenticity is doubtful: its paleography and use of Western rather than Javanese dates suggest in fact a twentieth-century origin for the text. See also the Indonesian translation in Sulendraningrat, Purwaka Tjaruban Nagari. For sixteenth-century Java, of course Cortesao, Suma Oriental, is a major source. From the seventeenth century onwards, important VOC documents are published in de Jonge and van Deventer, Opkomst van bet Nederlandscb gezag. Van Goens's reports are in de Graaf, Vijf gezantscbapsreizen van Rijklof van Goens. C. C. Berg's arguments concerning Senapati are found in several of this publi­ cations, of which the most important for this purpose is 'Twee nieuwe publicaties betreffende de geschiedenis en de geschiedschrijving van Mataram'. A reply is found in de Graaf, 'Historische betrouwbaarheid der Javaanse overlevering'. On Makasar see Pelras, 'Les premieres donnees occidentales concernant Celebes-Sud'; Noorduyn, 'Islamisering van Makasar'; Noorduyn, Kroniek van Wadjo '; and Stapel, Bonggaais verdrag. On the Makasarese and Balinese in the Lombok-Sumbawa area see de Graaf, 'Lombok in de 17e eeuw'. ChapterS: Literary, Religious and Cultural Legacies There is a vast literature on the subjects covered in the chapter. Excellent, but already rather out of date, introductions to the scholarship on Malay and Javanese are in Teeuw and Emanuels, Studies on Malay and Bahasa Indonesia; and Uhlenbeck, Studies on the languages of java and Madura. Religious matters are discussed in Stohr and Zoetrnulder, Religionen Indonesiens (also available in a French edition). The best introduction to classical Malay literature is Winstedt, History of classical Malay literature. On the seventeenth-century Acehnese mystics and their doctrines much has been written; see Lombard, Iskandar Muda; Johns, 'Malay Sufism' and 'Islam in Southeast Asia'; van Nieuwenhuijze, Samsu'l-Din van Pasai; al-Attas, Mysticism of Hamzab Fansuri and Ran"in and the Wujudiyyab of 17th century Acheb; and Ito, 'Why did Nuruddin ar-Raniri leave Aceh?'. Malay litera­ ture available in translation is listed in Chambert-Loir, 'Bibliographie de la litterature malaise en traduction'. The most comprehensive survey of Javanese literature is in vol. I of Pigeaud, Literature of java. Zoetrnulder, Pantbeisme en monisme, is still the best analysis of mystical Javanese Islam. Much useful information on Javanese Islam and on Yasadipura I, as well as a valuable text, is contained in Soebardi, Book ofCabolek. English versions of three Javanese shadow plays can be found in Brandon, On thrones of gold. NOTES AND REFERENCES 283 On Old and Middle Javanese literature, see Zoetmulder, Kalangwan. On Middle Javanese see also Robson, Wang bang Wideya. Balinese babads are analysed in Worsley, Babad Buleleng; and Hinzler, 'Balinese babad'. On Bugis and Makasarese, see especially Noorduyn, Kroniek van Wadjo' Noorduyn, 'Origins of South Celebes historical writing'; and Cense, 'Old Buginese and Macassarese diaries'. An introduction to Indonesian art is in Holt, Art in Indonesia. A good intro­ duction to Indonesian music is found in Hood and Maceda, Music; more exten­ sive discussions are contained in Sadie, New Grove dictionary. Chapter 6: Eastern Indonesia, c. 1630-1800 Events in South Maluku are described in detail in de Graaf, Ambon en de Zuid­ Molukken. On the events in South Sulawesi see Andaya, 'Kingship in Bone'; Noorduyn, Kroniek van Wadjo '; Skinner, 'Sja'ir perang Mengkasar'; Stapel, Bonggaais verdrag; and Noorduyn, 'Arung Singkang'. There is also much infor­ mation on the Makasarese and Bugis and their activities in