Andrews University Digital Commons @ Andrews University Dissertations Graduate Research 1996 Resurrection in Daniel 12 and its Contribution to the Theology of the Book of Daniel Artur A. Stele Andrews University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Stele, Artur A., "Resurrection in Daniel 12 and its Contribution to the Theology of the Book of Daniel" (1996). Dissertations. 148. https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/dissertations/148 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Research at Digital Commons @ Andrews University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Andrews University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 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Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary RESURRECTION IN DANIEL 12 AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE THEOLOGY OF THE BOOK OF DANIEL A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy by Artur A. Stele November 1996 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 9713798 Copyright 1996 by Stele, Artur A. All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9713798 Copyright 1997, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ^Copyright by Artur A. Stele 1996 All Rights Reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. RESURRECTION IN DANIEL 12 AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE THEOLOGY OF THE BOOK OF DANIEL A dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy by Artur A. Stele APPROVAL BY THE COMMITTEE:C01 . Faculty Adviser, dall W. Y er, Director Jacques B. Doukhan of Ph.D./Th ogram Professor of Hebrew and d Testament Exegesis Richard M. Davidson er, Dean J. N. Andrews Professor of Seminary Old Testament Interpretation iker Assistant Pxftfessor of Old Testament and Biblical Archaeology ifeona G. Running Professor of Biblical Langpag^s, Emerita Th-~rt Ly 27[ [4*7 i0 William H. Shea, Date approved Associate Director of Biblical Research Institute Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT RESURRECTION IN DANIEL 12 AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE THEOLOGY OF THE BOOK OF DANIEL by Artur A. Stele Adviser: Jacques B. Doukhan Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT OF GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH Dissertation Andrews University Seventh-day Adventist Theological Seminary Title: RESURRECTION IN DANIEL 12 AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE THEOLOGY OF THE BOOK OF DANIEL Name of researcher: Artur A. Stele Name and degree of faculty adviser: Jacques B. Doukhan, D.H.L., Th.D. Date completed: November 1996 This study attempted to investigate the resurrection passages of Dan 12. The main concern was to discover the nature, scope, timing, and purpose of the resurrection in Dan 12:2 and 12:13, to establish the relationship between these two passages, and to determine the contribution of the resurrection of Dan 12 to the theology of the book of Daniel. Chapter 1 offers a review of literature that presents the different and often conflicting opinions regarding the kind, extent, timing, and function of the resurrection in Dan 12. Chapter 2 provides an exegetical study of the two resurrection passages in Dan 12 and determines their Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. relationship insofar as they respond to the "what," "when," "who," and "why" of the resurrection. Chapter 3 investigates the relationship of the resurrection passages to other passages of the book of Daniel and explores the contribution of the resurrection theme of Dam 12 to the major theological themes of the book of Daniel. Finally, a summary, conclusions, and implications bring together the major findings of this research. Based on the evidence submitted in this dissertation, it is concluded that both resurrection texts in Dan 12 refer to a physical resurrection. However they refer to two different events. Dan 12:2 speaks of a partial resurrection at the end of time, while Dan 12:13 refers to the general resurrection at the end of the days, namely when the Kingdom of God will consume all the earthly kingdoms. The theological study of the resurrection revealed that the resurrection passages are related to other passages of the book of Daniel and that they play an important role in the theology of the book of Daniel. It became evident that resurrection has a multifunctional purpose, the most significant of which seems to be the demonstration of God's power, sovereignty, and glory. His rulership over history, and His Lordship over life and death. The presence of the motifs of death, resurrection, retribution, eternal life, and judgment in the resurrection passages and their connection and considerable contribution Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. to such major theological themes as the power and absolute sovereignty of God, the Kingdom of God, judgment, creation, and theology of history— all seem to support the suggestion that resurrection is indeed the theological climax of the book of Daniel. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. To the glory of my Savior, Who is the Lord of the resurrection: " ’ E y ri) eini 6.vacxaaic, k o c 'i fi ^cofi" iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.................................. vii LIST OF T A B L E S ........................................ vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS................................. viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................... xiii INTRODUCTION ........................................ 1 Statement of the Problem and Purpose ............... 1 Methodology ...................................... 5 Delimitations .................................... 6 Chapter I. REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................... 8 Major Views Concerning the Nature of the Resurrection in Dan 1 2 .................. 9 National Resurrection .................. 9 Physical Resurrection .................. 17 S u m m a r y ................................ 21 Major Views Concerning the Timing of the Resurrection in Dan 1 2 .................. 23 Resurrection Was to Come after the Death of Antiochus IV Epiphanes............ 23 Resurrection Has Already Taken Place . 26 Resurrection at the End of the World . 30 S u m m a r y ................................ 37 Major Views Concerning the Identification of Those Resurrected in Dan 1 2 ............ 38 Universal Resurrection .................. 38 Partial Resurrection .................... 44 Only the Righteous .................. 45 Righteous in general .............. 45 All the righteous J e w s ............ 47 Only a part of the righteous Jews . 49 Righteous and W i c k e d ................ 50 All the Jews: Righteous and wicked . 50 Only a part of the righteous and the wicked J e w s