Glossary A-Alb 19 December 2015 23,761 words a- - (Prefix; from Old English: a-, originally ar-,=away) - away, on, up, out, eg: arise. - (Preposition; from Middle English, from Old English) - of, eg: akin to. - (From Greek) - not, or without, eg: ahistorical, agnostic, asymmetrical and astylar.1 - (Preposition: Middle English: a-, from Old English: an, on; from Middle English: a- from Old English, as: akin; from Middle English: a- (=Old French prefix a-), either directly from Latin: ad=to, or at, as: ascend, or through French: a- =agree, eg: address) - of, eg: akin to. Or from Middle English: a- =Old French a- from Latin: ab=from, or away, eg: abridge; from Middle English, Ancient French: a- = Old French e-, es-, from Latin: ex=out, utterly, eg: affray; or from Greek a- =not, without, eg: agnostic and amoral), through Latin, or through Latin and French: adamant and amethyst).2 -a (suffix) - forming: - Nouns from Greek, Latin and Romanic, feminine singular, eg: (Greek) idea, (Latin) piazza; and women’s names, eg: Lydia and Cecilia. - Plural nouns from Greek and Latin neuter plural, eg: phenomena and genera.3 @ (symbol; noun: arobase; ubiquitous from 1971, when Ray Tomlinson () invented email, he saw it as connected to the gidouille, the spiral glyph on the front of Père Ubu’s gown in Ubu Roi; it appeared as a key on the Lambert typewriter, New York, 1902 for a symbol in pricing items; French: arobase, used in Italian trade from 1536, from Spanish and Portuguese: arroba, from C11, originally also a unit of measurement; possibly from: Arabic: ar-rub=quart). - At. - This definition is reversed on Twitter: a tool for sending a message to a person, eg: @obama.4 AA (acronym; noun: Architectural Association Inc). 1 J B Sykes, Ed, The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Oxford at the Clarendon Press, Oxford (1911) 1979, p 1. 2 J B Sykes, Ed., The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Oxford at the Clarendon Press, Oxford (1911) 1979, p 42. 3 J B Sykes, Ed, The Concise Oxford Dictionary, Oxford at the Clarendon Press, Oxford (1911) 1979, p 1. 4 Daniel Soar, Short Cuts, LRB, 28 May 2009, p 18 and Alexander Humez and Nicholas Humez, On the Dot: The Speck that Changed the World, Oxford 2009. Arobase is not in Sykes. 1 - The eminent architecture school at 36 Bedford Square, London WC1B 3ES, +44 (0)20 7887 4000; it was founded as a learned society founded to pursue architectural learning in 1847 ‘by a pack of troublesome students’, its independence of thought and operation have been fought for by the generations of students, tutors and staff who have passed through its doors. As the UK’s oldest and only private school of architecture, the AA stands at the forefront of architectural education with more than 3,000 members worldwide. It delivers public programmes evening lectures, exhibitions, publications, conferences and special events that bring together literally hundreds of the world’s leading architects, designers, scholars, theorists, artists and others to present their work in the context of the AA and the AA School to create the most focused, sustained and above all imaginative setting for architectural culture in the world. The Architectural Association School of Architecture is the most international school of architecture ever created: its five hundred students live in London attending the full-time courses of study at the AA School, allowing a uniquely global form of architectural discussion, debate, learning and knowledge. In its first 50 years, the AA evolved from a gathering place for students seeking to improve architectural education into a school offering a four-year programme of evening classes. A day school was added in 1901. In recognition of the AA’s early influence on, and success in, the establishment of a formal system for the education of architects, the RIBA granted an exemption from its professional examination to AA graduates in 1906. In 1917 it moved to its current premises in and around Bedford Square. Apart from a brief relocation to Hertfordshire during the Second World War, this beautiful Georgian square in Bloomsbury, has been its setting for a remarkable project. In its modern history, through chairmanships of Alvin Boyarsky (1971–91), Alan Balfour (1992– 94) and Mohsen Mostafavi (1995–2004), and now under Director Brett Steele (elected in 2005), the AA has been home to teachers and students whose theory and practice have been central to the shaping of architectural discourse today (c/f: Bauhaus, Ecole des Beaux Arts, Glasgow School of Art, Princeton and Yale).5 - Alcoholics Anonymous, and the Automobile Association (UK), both of which are more recent. aaa (acronym; noun phrase: access all areas). - A sought-after event security pass. AAA (acronym; noun phrase: Australian Automobile Association). - A federation of Australian state motoring associations. Established in 1924, it supports and coordinates the activities of its constituent motoring clubs and represents the interests of all Australian motorists nationally and internationally. It is the official voice of Australian motoring for its continued success in influencing public policy and for ensuring the nation’s motoring clubs provide a comprehensive range of high quality services and benefits to their 7 million members across Australia. It is a member of the Alliance Internationale de Tourisme (or AIT) and the Federation Internationale de l'Automobile (or FIA), which is a federation of more than 160 clubs in 120 countries, representing more than 100 million people. AAA Members include NRMA, RACV, RACQ, RAASA, RACWA, RACT and AANT. It is a very powerful lobby group with the Australian federal government since modst voters are drivers. NRMA has been campaigning effectively 5 www.aaschool.ac.uk and www.aalog.net 2 since 1920. 6 AABC (acronym; noun phrase: The Register of Architects Accredited in Building Conservation). - An independent accreditation body established in 1999 of skilled conservation architects for the benefit of clients and the structures they are responsible for in the UK. The purpose of the AABC Register is to protect the historic built environment from damaging interventions by people not skilled in historic building conservation and adaptation, by publishing, for clients, a register of architects whose work and skills in building conservation have been established by peer assessment moderated by a lay assessor representing clients. There are no charges for clients to use the Register. The scheme is self financing: all successful applicants pay an initial and annual registration fee which covers the costs of a part-time Registrar, the website, and the administration of the assessment processes. The Register is not subsidised by commercial or professional organisational sponsorship. With over 400 building conservation accredited architects on the AABC Register, its open access website assists in locating and engaging an architect whose experience in building conservation and adaptation is assured by a rigorous assessment process. It is located at: AABC Register, 5 The Parsonage, Manchester M3 2HS, 0161 832 0666, [email protected] aac - refer: autoclaved aerated concrete blocks. AAC (acronym; noun: Archaeological Advisory Committee). - Of the Heritage Council, Victoria. AACA (acronym; noun phrase: Architects Accreditation Council of Australia). - The national organisation for advocating, coordinating and facilitating national standards for the registration of architects in Australia and for the recognition of Australian architects overseas by the relevant registration authorities. It is constituted of nominees from all State and Territorial Architects’ Registration Boards. It is not a Registration Authority and can only make recommendations to the various Boards. The decision for the registration of architects lies solely with the Boards. In each state and territory it is a legal requirement that any person using the title ‘architect’ or offering services to the public as an architect, must be registered with the Architects’ Board in that jurisdiction. Each State and Territory of Australia has its own Architects’ Board. Generally, candidates must have a recognised academic qualification in architecture or a pass in the National Program of Assessment (NPrA), or a pass in the relevant Registration Board Prescribed Examinations where offered; have a period of training through experience followed by successful completion of the AACA Architectural Practice Examination (APE); and apply for registration to the Architects’ Board in the State or Territory in which registration is sought. 8 AACS (or Australian Association of Convenience Stores) - refer: CAMBA. Aaron's rod (noun phrase). - An architectural decoration in the form of a staff with budding leaves. - An ornamented rod with a serpent entwined around it, but not a caduceus.9 6 www.aaa.asn.au/ 7 www.aabc-register.co.uk/about#sthash.T0yAvNPo.dpuf 8 www.aaca.org.au. 9 James Stevens Curl, A Dictionary of Architecture, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999, p 1. 3 AATA Online (noun phrase). - A comprehensive database of over 132,000 abstracts of literature related to the preservation and conservation of material cultural heritage. It now includes selected subject-specific bibliographies produced as part of the Getty Conservation Institute's own conservation and scientific research projects or as part of specific collaborative projects in which the Institute is involved.10 AAV (acronym; noun phrase: Aboriginal Affairs Victoria). - An agency of the Department of Victorian Communities. Ab- (prefix; French, or from Latin). - Off, away, or from (c/f: abs-).11 Abaciscus (noun) - A square border enclosing part, or the entire pattern of a mosaic pavement. - In a mosaic, a small abacus; or an abaculus. - A small tile, or tessera.12 Abaculus (noun). - A mosaic tessera. - A small abacus, or abaciscus (in the second sense). Abacus (or plural: abaci; or tailloir; nouns). - A flat-topped plate, forming the uppermost element of, or on top of a capital, supporting the entablature, both classical and mediaeval (c/f: dado, die and impost block).