PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI THE DOMINANT IDEOLOGY IN THE TRANSLATION OF JAVANESE CULTURAL CONCEPTS IN MANGUNWIJAYA’S DURGA/UMAYI A THESIS Presented as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Magister Humaniora (M. Hum) Degree In English Language Studies by Tri Septa Nurhantoro Student Number: 106332002 THE GRADUATE PROGRAM OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE STUDIES SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2013 PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI iii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY This is to certify that all ideas, phrases, sentences, unless otherwise stated, are the ideas, phrases, and sentences of the thesis writer. The writer understands the full consequences including degree cancellation if he took somebody else’s ideas, phrases or sentences, without proper references. iv PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma: Nama : Tri Septa Nurhantoro Nomor Mahasiswa : 106332002 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul: THE DOMINANT IDEOLOGY IN THE TRANSLATION OF JAVANESE CULTURAL CONCEPTS IN MANGUNWIJAYA’S DURGA/UMAYI beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada) Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin dari saya maupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. v PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI The story’s not over yet, the kayon signaling the end of the shadow play hasn’t gotten stuck in the middle of banana trunk yet, because the story continues Y.B. Mangunwijaya (Durga/Umayi) vi PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Life will be much easier without taking the graduate program, yet I would not have a chance to undergo my life changing process. Starting in 2010, English Language Study Program has provided me wide perspective of life and knowledge. I also became aware of the broadness of the linguistics’ study field, as it was not simply about the importance of language application for human communication but also the smallest aspects that could be explored in a very thorough analysis. Surely, I would show my deepest gratitude to God Almighty for all the blessings so that I could run my life finishing this thesis. It must become another giant step to face the real world; yet, I confessed that accomplishing the thesis this semester was a bit late from my previous plan. My study would not be complete without the patience and understanding of my advisor, Dr. B.B. Dwijatmoko, M.A., I would not be able to finish my thesis without his continuous support. His guidance, correction, and suggestion were valuable in my thesis writing process. I was thankful to have class discussions with Prof. Dr. Soepomo Poedjosoedarmo. The interesting sharing of his great ideas and experience that deal with linguistics and all the issues in it has given me enlightenment. I would like to thank Dr. J. Bismoko, and Dr. Alb. Budi Susanto, S.J. and all the English Language Study Program lecturers for all their teachings that improved my English skills and knowledge during my study. In particular, I was grateful to have Dr. Fr. B. Alip, M.Pd., M.A., Dr. Novita Dewi, M.S., M.A. (Hons), and also Drs. F.X. Mukarto, M.S., Ph.D for their willingness in spending their time reading and giving inputs in the review section and the thesis defense. Their comments and suggestions were very beneficial for my thesis improvement. My gratitude was also given to Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D. for her willingness to share her time and knowledge on language in her busiest days. Spending the time with her and her family has improved my understanding about the use and translation of Javanese cultural concepts. I was also thankful to have vii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI Leo Budi Setiawan as a friend in sharing and discussing many things dealing with Javanese society and culture. My appreciation went to bu Lelly for her help in all administration stuffs, pak Mul, especially for his patience in waiting for me in the last minutes of the submission deadline, and all the staffs in graduate programs. I believed without them, my study would not run smoothly. I was also thankful to make friends with Arina, Siska, Nana, Lelly, bu Erni, mbak Umi, Mawar, Uci, mbak Atiek, mbak Dwi, Dede, mbak Lia, mas Rio, Pipin, mbak Wheni, mbak Arin, Basil, Musa, Peterson, pak Loy and other classmates in KBI 2010. Spending time for sharing and laughing about the ‘burden’ of studying in the graduate program with them was an unforgettable moment. Many thanks were given to my seniors: mbak Susan, mbak Deta, Sisy, and Vovo for being living reminders in completing my thesis. I would like to give million thanks to my very best friend, Mia, for her never-ending patience in heartening and encouraging me to do all my best. My life would not be meaningful without my family. I would not be able to achieve what I wanted without the continuous support of my parents: pak Dasuki and ibu Udjik Sardjilah. I also thanked my sister, mbak Ika, and her husband, mas Yudan, and also my brother mas Aan, his wife mbak Endah and the cute little Mahes. Their care during my alienation has helped me going through the thesis writing process. Tri Septa Nurhantoro viii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ....................................................................................................... i APPROVAL PAGE ............................................................................................ ii DEFENSE APPROVAL PAGE ........................................................................ iii STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ................................................................. iv LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ........................ v MOTTO PAGE .................................................................................................. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................. vii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. ix LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................. xi ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... xii ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ xiv CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ................................................................................ 1 B. Problems Formulation .................................................................................... 8 C. Research Objectives ....................................................................................... 8 D. Research Benefits ........................................................................................... 9 E. Limitation of the Research ........................................................................... 10 F. Research Assumption ................................................................................... 10 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW .................................................... 11 A. Review of Related Theories ......................................................................... 11 1. Translation ............................................................................................... 11 2. Translation Techniques ............................................................................ 14 3. Ideology of Foreignization and Domestication in Translation ................ 22 4. Literary Translation and Culture .............................................................. 24 5. Translation and Componential Analysis .................................................. 27 6. Language and Culture .............................................................................. 29 7. Cultural-bound Concepts ......................................................................... 31 8. Indonesian, Javanese, and English Languages ........................................ 35 9. Review of Durga/Umayi and Its Translation ........................................... 37 ix PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI B. Review of Related Studies ............................................................................ 40 C. Theoretical Framework ................................................................................. 43 CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................... 45