Architect’s Guide to Building Performance Integrating performance simulation in the design process Table of contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5 2. The case for building performance simulation ......................................................................................................................................................................7 2.1. The larger context: challenges, opportunities, and how building performance simulation can help .............................................................................9 The 2030 Challenge and 2030 Commitment ...........................................................................................................................................................................9 Opportunities beyond energy .......................................................................................................................................................................................................10 2.2. Building performance simulation for better buildings ............................................................................................................................................................10 Simulation early and often results in better buildings ...........................................................................................................................................................10 Another tool for designing better buildings .............................................................................................................................................................................. 12 2.3. Putting building performance simulation to work for the firm ............................................................................................................................................ 13 Compliance and documentation ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 15 2.4. Data with purpose—Integrating building performance simulation into firm culture ......................................................................................................16 3. Building performance simulation and the design process ................................................................................................................................................ 17 3.1. A common language for building performance simulation ....................................................................................................................................................17 Early investigations ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 21 EUI and building use type .............................................................................................................................................................................................................22 3.2. Goals, codes, and incentives ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Goal setting ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23 Energy codes .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 23 Incentives ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 24 4. The building performance simulation process ....................................................................................................................................................................27 4.1. How building performance simulation works ...........................................................................................................................................................................27 Inputs ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 Outputs ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 31 Single-family residential versus commercial and institutional ............................................................................................................................................ 31 4.2. The importance of asking questions .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 31 2 Architect’s Guide to Integrating Building Performance Simulation in the Design Process 2019 4.3. Interpreting and communicating results ................................................................................................................................................................................. 33 4.4. Choosing the right tools .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 33 4.5. Validation in the design process .................................................................................................................................................................................................41 5. Integrating building performance simulation into the firm ............................................................................................................................................. 42 5.1. ASHRAE Standard 209 building performance simulation framework .............................................................................................................................. 42 5.2. Project team structures for successful building performance simulation .......................................................................................................................48 Internal workflow ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................48 External workflow ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................49 Hybrid workflow .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................49 5.3. Contracts and standard of care .................................................................................................................................................................................................49 6. Putting theory to practice ......................................................................................................................................................................................................51 Building envelope and passive solar design ............................................................................................................................................................................. 51 Thermal loads ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 52 6.1. Solar studies and shading ............................................................................................................................................................................................................54 Project example: Tooker House, Arizona State University ..................................................................................................................................................54 Concepts ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................56 Approach + inputs ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................57