THE IMPACT OF WORLD WAR II ON PERSONAL AND SOCIAL LIFE AS PORTRAYED IN JACK KEROUAC’S ON THE ROAD AND KIM WON-IL’S THE WIND AND THE RIVER: A COMPARATIVE LITERATURE A THESIS BY MIRA APRIANTI REG. NO. 130705093 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2017 Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, MIRA APRIANTI DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : August 22nd, 2017 v Universitas Sumatera Utara COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : MIRA APRIANTI TITLE OF THESIS : THE IMPACT OF WORLD WAR II ON PERSONAL AND SOCIAL LIFE AS PORTRAYED IN JACK KEROUAC’S ON THE ROAD AND KIM WON-IL’S THE WIND AND THE RIVER: A COMPARATIVE LITERATURE QUALIFICATION : S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : August 22nd, 2017 vi Universitas Sumatera Utara ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. I would like to thank and praise to Allah SWT for giving me strength, health, patience, and everything that happen unexpectedly during writing this thesis. Alhamdullillah, I finished it well. I am feeling grateful for experiences that I got during writing this thesis. It makes me get more lessons in my life. I am nothing without you. My special gratitude is for my beloved parents, Bapak and Ibu, thank you for always pray for me to be a success woman someday. Thank you for always tell me your experience in your past, that always motivate me to be better. All of this I dedicate to both of you. Hope Allah always protects you and both of you always love Allah. I love you. I do thank you too for my little brother, Fadjar Dwi Nugroho, who allowed me to use his laptop, although then request to me something then. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Martha Pardede, M.S. as my supervisor for her kindness, patience, knowledge, suggestion and motivation for me to write and finish this thesis. I also would like to thank to Dra. Diah Rahayu Pratama, M.Pd. as my co-supervisor for her kindness, patience, and knowledge to help me in writing this thesis. My gratitude also to the Head of English Department, Dr. Deliana, M. Hum. and the Secretary of English Department, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti. M.A., Ph.D., also all the lectures and the staffs of the English Department for the facilities and opportunities that given to me during my study in this faculty. vii Universitas Sumatera Utara I want to thank to my precious best friends, Chairunisa Ummanah, Nurul Atikah, and Tammy Fahar Nasution, who always support me and hear all of my complaints. Thank you too for your jokes that makes me laugh and also makes me forget my problems for a while. Special thanks to Dini Aulia, who always beside me during writing this thesis. I really enjoy the time when I am with you. Thank you also for Siti Naila Nabila, Isna Rahmadani, Putri Meilisa, Anggia Putri Lestari, Lina Sri Rahayu, Wulandari, and Anggita Dwi Putri for your kindness and always makes me better beside you. I am really thankful to have you all. My special thanks to Nadya Nasier and Muhammad Fachri, who become my friend during writing this thesis and also become my friend in final examination. I really never thought about both of you become close to me, but Allah does. I can not forget the moments with you two. I really thank you to both of you. We finally did the best for our final examination. I also want to thank to English Literature A 2013 for experience and togetherness during about 4 years. Thank you for all of you for being in my life. Medan, August 22nd, 2017 Mira Aprianti 130705093 viii Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT This thesis entitled The Impact of World War II on Personal and Social Life as Portrayed in Jack Kerouac’s On the Road and Kim Won-il’s The Wind and the River: A Comparative Literature. World War II that happened in 1939-1945 had a devastating impact on people and social conditions at that time. In this thesis, the writer analyze the impact of World War II in different countries; America and Korea, which portrayed in the novel On the Road by Jack Kerouac and The Wind and the River by Kim Won-il. This thesis used the theory of Comparative Literature to see the impact in two different countries in two novels. This thesis also used Sociology of Literature and Historical Approach to support the analysis in finding the impact of World War II. The writer used qualitative method that the data is from quotation in the novels. In this thesis, the writer divided the impact into two; personal and social life. Personal impact has two points; physical and mental, meanwhile social life has seven points; family life, play, education, economic life, community life, religion, and art. All of the impacts will be discussed in the analysis and findings. At the end of this thesis, the reader will find out the similarities and differences impact of World War II in two different countries that is America and Korea. Keywords: World War II, Personal and Social Life Impact, America and Korea, Comparative Literature ix Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul The Impact of World War II on Personal and Social Life as Portrayed in Jack Kerouac’s On the Road and Kim Won-il’s The Wind and the River: A Comparative Literature. Perang Dunia II yang terjadi pada tahun 1939- 1945 memberikan dampak yang sangat merugikan bagi orang-orang dan kondisi sosial pada saat itu. Di dalam skripsi ini, penulis menganalisa dampak Perang Dunia II yang terjadi dalam dua negara yang berbeda; Amerika dan Korea yang tergambarkan di dalam novel On the Road oleh Jack Kerouac dan The Wind and the River oleh Kim Won-il. Skripsi ini menggunakan teori sastra bandingan untuk melihat dampak pada dua negara yang berbeda dalam dua buah novel dari negara yang berbeda pula. Skripsi ini juga menggunakan Sosiologi Sastra dan pendekatan Historis sebagai pendukung analisis. Penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menggunakan kutipan sebagai data. Di dalam skripsi ini, penulis membagi dampak Perang Dunia II menjadi dua bagian; personal dan kehidupan sosial. Dampak personal terbagi dua; fisik dan mental, sementara dampak kehidupan sosial terbagi atas tujuh; kehidupan keluarga, permainan, pendidikan, kehidupan ekonomi, kehidupan komunitas, agama, dan seni. Dampak-dampak tersebut akan dibahas secara rinci di dalam analisis dan temuan. Pada akhir skripsi ini, pembaca akan menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan dampak Perang Dunia II pada dua negara yang berbeda tersebut, yaitu Amerika dan Korea. Kata kunci: Perang Dunia II, Dampak Personal dan Kehidupan Sosial, Amerika dan Korea, Sastra Bandingan x Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................................................. v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION ............................................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ...................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................. ix ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................. x TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLE ................................................................................................... xiv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study .................................................... 1 1.2 Problems of the Study ....................................................... 7 1.3 Objectives of the Study ..................................................... 7 1.4 Scope of the Study ............................................................ 8 1.5 Significance of the Study ................................................... 8 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Literature and the Novel .................................................. 10 2.2 Comparative Literature .................................................... 14 2.3 Sociology of Literature ................................................... 16 2.4 Historical Approach ......................................................... 17 2.5 Social Changes during World War II .............................. 18 2.6 The Impact of War .......................................................... 20 2.6.1 Personal Impact ............................................................ 22 2.6.1.1 Physical ...................................................................... 23 2.6.1.2 Mental ....................................................................... 24 2.6.2 Social Life Impact ........................................................ 25 2.6.2.1 Family Life ...............................................................